Merge branch 'Introduce composable bpf types'

Hao Luo says:

====================
This patch set consists of two changes:

 - a cleanup of arg_type, ret_type and reg_type which try to make those
   types composable. (patch 1/9 - patch 6/9)
 - a bug fix that prevents bpf programs from writing kernel memory.
   (patch 7/9 - patch 9/9)

The purpose of the cleanup is to find a scalable way to express type
nullness and read-onliness. This patchset introduces two flags that
can be applied on all three types: PTR_MAYBE_NULL and MEM_RDONLY.
Previous types such as ARG_XXX_OR_NULL can now be written as

 ARG_XXX | PTR_MAYBE_NULL

Similarly, PTR_TO_RDONLY_BUF is now "PTR_TO_BUF | MEM_RDONLY".

Flags can be composed, as ARGs can be both MEM_RDONLY and MAYBE_NULL.

 ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | PTR_MAYBE_NULL | MEM_RDONLY

Based on this new composable types, patch 7/9 applies MEM_RDONLY on
PTR_TO_MEM, in order to tag the returned memory from per_cpu_ptr as
read-only. Therefore fixing a previous bug that one can leverage
per_cpu_ptr to modify kernel memory within BPF programs.

Patch 8/9 generalizes the use of MEM_RDONLY further by tagging a set of
helper arguments ARG_PTR_TO_MEM with MEM_RDONLY. Some helper functions
may override their arguments, such as bpf_d_path, bpf_snprintf. In this
patch, we narrow the ARG_PTR_TO_MEM to be compatible with only a subset
of memory types. This prevents these helpers from writing read-only
memories. For the helpers that do not write its arguments, we add tag
MEM_RDONLY to allow taking a RDONLY memory as argument.

Changes since v1:
 - use %u to print base_type(type) instead of %lu. (Andrii, patch 3/9)
 - improve reg_type_str() by appending '_or_null' and prepending 'rdonly_'.
   use preallocated buffer in 'bpf_env'.
 - unified handling of the previous XXX_OR_NULL in adjust_ptr_min_max_vals
   (Andrii, patch 4/9)
 - move PTR_TO_MAP_KEY up to PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE so that we don't have
   to change to drivers that assume the numeric values of bpf_reg.
   (patch 4/9)
 - reintroduce the typo from previous commits in fixes tags (Andrii, patch 7/9)
 - extensive comments on the reason behind folding flags in
   check_reg_type (Andrii, patch 8/9)

Changes since RFC v2:
 - renamed BPF_BASE_TYPE to a more succinct name base_type and move its
   definition to bpf_verifier.h. Same for BPF_TYPE_FLAG. (Alexei)
 - made checking MEM_RDONLY in check_reg_type() universal (Alexei)
 - ran through majority of test_progs and fixed bugs in RFC v2:
   - fixed incorrect BPF_BASE_TYPE_MASK. The high bit of GENMASK should
     be BITS - 1, rather than BITS. patch 1/9.
   - fixed incorrect conditions when checking ARG_PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE in
     check_func_arg(). See patch 2/9.
   - fixed a bug where PTR_TO_BTF_ID may be combined with MEM_RDONLY,
     causing the check in check_mem_access() to fall through to the
     'else' branch. See check_helper_call() in patch 7/9.
 - fixed build failure on netronome driver. Entries in bpf_reg_type have
   been ordered. patch 4/9.
 - fixed build warnings of using '%d' to print base_type. patch 4/9
 - unify arg_type_may_be_null() and reg_type_may_be_null() into a single
   type_may_be_null().

Previous versions:

 v1:
   https://lwn.net/Articles/877938/

 RFC v2:
   https://lwn.net/Articles/877171/

 RFC v1:
   https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20211109003052.3499225-1-haoluo@google.com/T/
   https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20211109021624.1140446-8-haoluo@google.com/T/
====================

Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

3 files changed, 34 insertions, 34 deletions

diff --git a/net/core/bpf_sk_storage.c b/net/core/bpf_sk_storage.c
index 68d2cbf8331a..ea61dfe19c86 100644
--- a/net/core/bpf_sk_storage.c
+++ b/net/core/bpf_sk_storage.c
@@ -929,7 +929,7 @@ static struct bpf_iter_reg bpf_sk_storage_map_reg_info = {
 		{ offsetof(struct bpf_iter__bpf_sk_storage_map, sk),
 		  PTR_TO_BTF_ID_OR_NULL },
 		{ offsetof(struct bpf_iter__bpf_sk_storage_map, value),
-		  PTR_TO_RDWR_BUF_OR_NULL },
+		  PTR_TO_BUF | PTR_MAYBE_NULL },
 	},
 	.seq_info		= &iter_seq_info,
 };
diff --git a/net/core/filter.c b/net/core/filter.c
index 3f656391af7e..606ab5a98a1a 100644
--- a/net/core/filter.c
+++ b/net/core/filter.c
@@ -1712,7 +1712,7 @@ static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_skb_store_bytes_proto = {
 	.ret_type	= RET_INTEGER,
 	.arg1_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,
 	.arg2_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
-	.arg3_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg3_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg4_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE,
 	.arg5_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
 };
@@ -2017,9 +2017,9 @@ static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_csum_diff_proto = {
 	.gpl_only	= false,
 	.pkt_access	= true,
 	.ret_type	= RET_INTEGER,
-	.arg1_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM_OR_NULL,
+	.arg1_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | PTR_MAYBE_NULL | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg2_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE_OR_ZERO,
-	.arg3_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM_OR_NULL,
+	.arg3_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | PTR_MAYBE_NULL | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg4_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE_OR_ZERO,
 	.arg5_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
 };
@@ -2540,7 +2540,7 @@ static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_redirect_neigh_proto = {
 	.gpl_only	= false,
 	.ret_type	= RET_INTEGER,
 	.arg1_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
-	.arg2_type      = ARG_PTR_TO_MEM_OR_NULL,
+	.arg2_type      = ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | PTR_MAYBE_NULL | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg3_type      = ARG_CONST_SIZE_OR_ZERO,
 	.arg4_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
 };
@@ -4173,7 +4173,7 @@ static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_skb_event_output_proto = {
 	.arg1_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,
 	.arg2_type	= ARG_CONST_MAP_PTR,
 	.arg3_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
-	.arg4_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg4_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg5_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE_OR_ZERO,
 };
 
@@ -4187,7 +4187,7 @@ const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_skb_output_proto = {
 	.arg1_btf_id	= &bpf_skb_output_btf_ids[0],
 	.arg2_type	= ARG_CONST_MAP_PTR,
 	.arg3_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
-	.arg4_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg4_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg5_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE_OR_ZERO,
 };
 
@@ -4370,7 +4370,7 @@ static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_skb_set_tunnel_key_proto = {
 	.gpl_only	= false,
 	.ret_type	= RET_INTEGER,
 	.arg1_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,
-	.arg2_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg2_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg3_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE,
 	.arg4_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
 };
@@ -4396,7 +4396,7 @@ static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_skb_set_tunnel_opt_proto = {
 	.gpl_only	= false,
 	.ret_type	= RET_INTEGER,
 	.arg1_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,
-	.arg2_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg2_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg3_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE,
 };
 
@@ -4566,7 +4566,7 @@ static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_xdp_event_output_proto = {
 	.arg1_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,
 	.arg2_type	= ARG_CONST_MAP_PTR,
 	.arg3_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
-	.arg4_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg4_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg5_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE_OR_ZERO,
 };
 
@@ -4580,7 +4580,7 @@ const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_xdp_output_proto = {
 	.arg1_btf_id	= &bpf_xdp_output_btf_ids[0],
 	.arg2_type	= ARG_CONST_MAP_PTR,
 	.arg3_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
-	.arg4_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg4_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg5_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE_OR_ZERO,
 };
 
@@ -5066,7 +5066,7 @@ const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_sk_setsockopt_proto = {
 	.arg1_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_BTF_ID_SOCK_COMMON,
 	.arg2_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
 	.arg3_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
-	.arg4_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg4_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg5_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE,
 };
 
@@ -5100,7 +5100,7 @@ static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_sock_addr_setsockopt_proto = {
 	.arg1_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,
 	.arg2_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
 	.arg3_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
-	.arg4_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg4_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg5_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE,
 };
 
@@ -5134,7 +5134,7 @@ static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_sock_ops_setsockopt_proto = {
 	.arg1_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,
 	.arg2_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
 	.arg3_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
-	.arg4_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg4_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg5_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE,
 };
 
@@ -5309,7 +5309,7 @@ static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_bind_proto = {
 	.gpl_only	= false,
 	.ret_type	= RET_INTEGER,
 	.arg1_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,
-	.arg2_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg2_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg3_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE,
 };
 
@@ -5897,7 +5897,7 @@ static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_lwt_in_push_encap_proto = {
 	.ret_type	= RET_INTEGER,
 	.arg1_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,
 	.arg2_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
-	.arg3_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg3_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg4_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE
 };
 
@@ -5907,7 +5907,7 @@ static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_lwt_xmit_push_encap_proto = {
 	.ret_type	= RET_INTEGER,
 	.arg1_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,
 	.arg2_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
-	.arg3_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg3_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg4_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE
 };
 
@@ -5950,7 +5950,7 @@ static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_lwt_seg6_store_bytes_proto = {
 	.ret_type	= RET_INTEGER,
 	.arg1_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,
 	.arg2_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
-	.arg3_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg3_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg4_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE
 };
 
@@ -6038,7 +6038,7 @@ static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_lwt_seg6_action_proto = {
 	.ret_type	= RET_INTEGER,
 	.arg1_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,
 	.arg2_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
-	.arg3_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg3_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg4_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE
 };
 
@@ -6263,7 +6263,7 @@ static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_skc_lookup_tcp_proto = {
 	.pkt_access	= true,
 	.ret_type	= RET_PTR_TO_SOCK_COMMON_OR_NULL,
 	.arg1_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,
-	.arg2_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg2_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg3_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE,
 	.arg4_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
 	.arg5_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
@@ -6282,7 +6282,7 @@ static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_sk_lookup_tcp_proto = {
 	.pkt_access	= true,
 	.ret_type	= RET_PTR_TO_SOCKET_OR_NULL,
 	.arg1_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,
-	.arg2_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg2_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg3_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE,
 	.arg4_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
 	.arg5_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
@@ -6301,7 +6301,7 @@ static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_sk_lookup_udp_proto = {
 	.pkt_access	= true,
 	.ret_type	= RET_PTR_TO_SOCKET_OR_NULL,
 	.arg1_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,
-	.arg2_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg2_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg3_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE,
 	.arg4_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
 	.arg5_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
@@ -6338,7 +6338,7 @@ static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_xdp_sk_lookup_udp_proto = {
 	.pkt_access     = true,
 	.ret_type       = RET_PTR_TO_SOCKET_OR_NULL,
 	.arg1_type      = ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,
-	.arg2_type      = ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg2_type      = ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg3_type      = ARG_CONST_SIZE,
 	.arg4_type      = ARG_ANYTHING,
 	.arg5_type      = ARG_ANYTHING,
@@ -6361,7 +6361,7 @@ static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_xdp_skc_lookup_tcp_proto = {
 	.pkt_access     = true,
 	.ret_type       = RET_PTR_TO_SOCK_COMMON_OR_NULL,
 	.arg1_type      = ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,
-	.arg2_type      = ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg2_type      = ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg3_type      = ARG_CONST_SIZE,
 	.arg4_type      = ARG_ANYTHING,
 	.arg5_type      = ARG_ANYTHING,
@@ -6384,7 +6384,7 @@ static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_xdp_sk_lookup_tcp_proto = {
 	.pkt_access     = true,
 	.ret_type       = RET_PTR_TO_SOCKET_OR_NULL,
 	.arg1_type      = ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,
-	.arg2_type      = ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg2_type      = ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg3_type      = ARG_CONST_SIZE,
 	.arg4_type      = ARG_ANYTHING,
 	.arg5_type      = ARG_ANYTHING,
@@ -6403,7 +6403,7 @@ static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_sock_addr_skc_lookup_tcp_proto = {
 	.gpl_only	= false,
 	.ret_type	= RET_PTR_TO_SOCK_COMMON_OR_NULL,
 	.arg1_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,
-	.arg2_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg2_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg3_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE,
 	.arg4_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
 	.arg5_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
@@ -6422,7 +6422,7 @@ static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_sock_addr_sk_lookup_tcp_proto = {
 	.gpl_only	= false,
 	.ret_type	= RET_PTR_TO_SOCKET_OR_NULL,
 	.arg1_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,
-	.arg2_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg2_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg3_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE,
 	.arg4_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
 	.arg5_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
@@ -6441,7 +6441,7 @@ static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_sock_addr_sk_lookup_udp_proto = {
 	.gpl_only	= false,
 	.ret_type	= RET_PTR_TO_SOCKET_OR_NULL,
 	.arg1_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,
-	.arg2_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg2_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg3_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE,
 	.arg4_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
 	.arg5_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
@@ -6754,9 +6754,9 @@ static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_tcp_check_syncookie_proto = {
 	.pkt_access	= true,
 	.ret_type	= RET_INTEGER,
 	.arg1_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_BTF_ID_SOCK_COMMON,
-	.arg2_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg2_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg3_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE,
-	.arg4_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg4_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg5_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE,
 };
 
@@ -6823,9 +6823,9 @@ static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_tcp_gen_syncookie_proto = {
 	.pkt_access	= true,
 	.ret_type	= RET_INTEGER,
 	.arg1_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_BTF_ID_SOCK_COMMON,
-	.arg2_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg2_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg3_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE,
-	.arg4_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg4_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg5_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE,
 };
 
@@ -7054,7 +7054,7 @@ static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_sock_ops_store_hdr_opt_proto = {
 	.gpl_only	= false,
 	.ret_type	= RET_INTEGER,
 	.arg1_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,
-	.arg2_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg2_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY,
 	.arg3_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE,
 	.arg4_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
 };
diff --git a/net/core/sock_map.c b/net/core/sock_map.c
index 4ca4b11f4e5f..9618ab6d7cc9 100644
--- a/net/core/sock_map.c
+++ b/net/core/sock_map.c
@@ -1564,7 +1564,7 @@ static struct bpf_iter_reg sock_map_iter_reg = {
 	.ctx_arg_info_size	= 2,
 	.ctx_arg_info		= {
 		{ offsetof(struct bpf_iter__sockmap, key),
-		  PTR_TO_RDONLY_BUF_OR_NULL },
+		  PTR_TO_BUF | PTR_MAYBE_NULL | MEM_RDONLY },
 		{ offsetof(struct bpf_iter__sockmap, sk),
 		  PTR_TO_BTF_ID_OR_NULL },
 	},