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2020-12-15mm: fix a race on nr_swap_pagesZhaoyang Huang1-5/+6
The scenario on which "Free swap = -4kB" happens in my system, which is caused by several get_swap_pages racing with each other and show_swap_cache_info happens simutaniously. No need to add a lock on get_swap_page_of_type as we remove "Presub/PosAdd" here. ProcessA ProcessB ProcessC ngoals = 1 ngoals = 1 avail = nr_swap_pages(1) avail = nr_swap_pages(1) nr_swap_pages(1) -= ngoals nr_swap_pages(0) -= ngoals nr_swap_pages = -1 Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/1607050340-4535-1-git-send-email-zhaoyang.huang@unisoc.com Signed-off-by: Zhaoyang Huang <zhaoyang.huang@unisoc.com> Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-12-15mm/swapfile.c: use memset to fill the swap_map with SWAP_HAS_CACHEMiaohe Lin1-5/+2
We could use helper memset to fill the swap_map with SWAP_HAS_CACHE instead of a direct loop here to simplify the code. Also we can remove the local variable i and map this way. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200921122224.7139-1-linmiaohe@huawei.com Signed-off-by: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-12-15mm/swapfile.c: remove unnecessary out label in __swap_duplicate()Miaohe Lin1-3/+2
When the code went to the out label, it must have p == NULL. So what out label really does is redundant if check and return err. We should Remove this unnecessary out label because it does not handle resource free and so on. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201009130337.29698-1-linmiaohe@huawei.com Signed-off-by: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-12-15mm/swapfile.c: use helper function swap_count() in add_swap_count_continuation()Miaohe Lin1-1/+1
Commit 570a335b8e22 ("swap_info: swap count continuations") introduced the func add_swap_count_continuation() but forgot to use the helper function swap_count() introduced by commit 355cfa73ddff ("mm: modify swap_map and add SWAP_HAS_CACHE flag"). Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201009134306.18033-1-linmiaohe@huawei.com Signed-off-by: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-12-06mm/swapfile: do not sleep with a spin lock heldQian Cai1-1/+3
We can't call kvfree() with a spin lock held, so defer it. Fixes a might_sleep() runtime warning. Fixes: 873d7bcfd066 ("mm/swapfile.c: use kvzalloc for swap_info_struct allocation") Signed-off-by: Qian Cai <qcai@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201202151549.10350-1-qcai@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-10-13mm/swapfile.c: fix potential memory leak in sys_swaponMiaohe Lin1-1/+3
If we failed to drain inode, we would forget to free the swap address space allocated by init_swap_address_space() above. Fixes: dc617f29dbe5 ("vfs: don't allow writes to swap files") Signed-off-by: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200930101803.53884-1-linmiaohe@huawei.com Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-10-13mm/swapfile.c: remove unnecessary goto out in _swap_info_get()Miaohe Lin1-1/+0
It's unnecessary to goto the out label while out label is just below. Signed-off-by: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200930102549.1885-1-linmiaohe@huawei.com Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-10-13mm: remove activate_page() from unuse_pte()Yu Zhao1-5/+0
We don't initially add anon pages to active lruvec after commit b518154e59aa ("mm/vmscan: protect the workingset on anonymous LRU"). Remove activate_page() from unuse_pte(), which seems to be missed by the commit. And make the function static while we are at it. Before the commit, we called lru_cache_add_active_or_unevictable() to add new ksm pages to active lruvec. Therefore, activate_page() wasn't necessary for them in the first place. Signed-off-by: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com> Cc: Alexander Duyck <alexander.h.duyck@linux.intel.com> Cc: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Qian Cai <cai@lca.pw> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200818184704.3625199-1-yuzhao@google.com Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-10-13swap: rename SWP_FS to SWAP_FS_OPS to avoid ambiguityGao Xiang1-1/+1
SWP_FS is used to make swap_{read,write}page() go through the filesystem, and it's only used for swap files over NFS for now. Otherwise it will directly submit IO to blockdev according to swapfile extents reported by filesystems in advance. As Matthew pointed out [1], SWP_FS naming is somewhat confusing, so let's rename to SWP_FS_OPS. [1] https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200820113448.GM17456@casper.infradead.org Suggested-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Gao Xiang <hsiangkao@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200822113019.11319-1-hsiangkao@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-10-13Merge tag 'block-5.10-2020-10-12' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-blockLinus Torvalds1-23/+26
Pull block updates from Jens Axboe: - Series of merge handling cleanups (Baolin, Christoph) - Series of blk-throttle fixes and cleanups (Baolin) - Series cleaning up BDI, seperating the block device from the backing_dev_info (Christoph) - Removal of bdget() as a generic API (Christoph) - Removal of blkdev_get() as a generic API (Christoph) - Cleanup of is-partition checks (Christoph) - Series reworking disk revalidation (Christoph) - Series cleaning up bio flags (Christoph) - bio crypt fixes (Eric) - IO stats inflight tweak (Gabriel) - blk-mq tags fixes (Hannes) - Buffer invalidation fixes (Jan) - Allow soft limits for zone append (Johannes) - Shared tag set improvements (John, Kashyap) - Allow IOPRIO_CLASS_RT for CAP_SYS_NICE (Khazhismel) - DM no-wait support (Mike, Konstantin) - Request allocation improvements (Ming) - Allow md/dm/bcache to use IO stat helpers (Song) - Series improving blk-iocost (Tejun) - Various cleanups (Geert, Damien, Danny, Julia, Tetsuo, Tian, Wang, Xianting, Yang, Yufen, yangerkun) * tag 'block-5.10-2020-10-12' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block: (191 commits) block: fix uapi blkzoned.h comments blk-mq: move cancel of hctx->run_work to the front of blk_exit_queue blk-mq: get rid of the dead flush handle code path block: get rid of unnecessary local variable block: fix comment and add lockdep assert blk-mq: use helper function to test hw stopped block: use helper function to test queue register block: remove redundant mq check block: invoke blk_mq_exit_sched no matter whether have .exit_sched percpu_ref: don't refer to ref->data if it isn't allocated block: ratelimit handle_bad_sector() message blk-throttle: Re-use the throtl_set_slice_end() blk-throttle: Open code __throtl_de/enqueue_tg() blk-throttle: Move service tree validation out of the throtl_rb_first() blk-throttle: Move the list operation after list validation blk-throttle: Fix IO hang for a corner case blk-throttle: Avoid tracking latency if low limit is invalid blk-throttle: Avoid getting the current time if tg->last_finish_time is 0 blk-throttle: Remove a meaningless parameter for throtl_downgrade_state() block: Remove redundant 'return' statement ...
2020-10-12Merge tag 'arm64-upstream' of ↵Linus Torvalds1-0/+2
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux Pull arm64 updates from Will Deacon: "There's quite a lot of code here, but much of it is due to the addition of a new PMU driver as well as some arm64-specific selftests which is an area where we've traditionally been lagging a bit. In terms of exciting features, this includes support for the Memory Tagging Extension which narrowly missed 5.9, hopefully allowing userspace to run with use-after-free detection in production on CPUs that support it. Work is ongoing to integrate the feature with KASAN for 5.11. Another change that I'm excited about (assuming they get the hardware right) is preparing the ASID allocator for sharing the CPU page-table with the SMMU. Those changes will also come in via Joerg with the IOMMU pull. We do stray outside of our usual directories in a few places, mostly due to core changes required by MTE. Although much of this has been Acked, there were a couple of places where we unfortunately didn't get any review feedback. Other than that, we ran into a handful of minor conflicts in -next, but nothing that should post any issues. Summary: - Userspace support for the Memory Tagging Extension introduced by Armv8.5. Kernel support (via KASAN) is likely to follow in 5.11. - Selftests for MTE, Pointer Authentication and FPSIMD/SVE context switching. - Fix and subsequent rewrite of our Spectre mitigations, including the addition of support for PR_SPEC_DISABLE_NOEXEC. - Support for the Armv8.3 Pointer Authentication enhancements. - Support for ASID pinning, which is required when sharing page-tables with the SMMU. - MM updates, including treating flush_tlb_fix_spurious_fault() as a no-op. - Perf/PMU driver updates, including addition of the ARM CMN PMU driver and also support to handle CPU PMU IRQs as NMIs. - Allow prefetchable PCI BARs to be exposed to userspace using normal non-cacheable mappings. - Implementation of ARCH_STACKWALK for unwinding. - Improve reporting of unexpected kernel traps due to BPF JIT failure. - Improve robustness of user-visible HWCAP strings and their corresponding numerical constants. - Removal of TEXT_OFFSET. - Removal of some unused functions, parameters and prototypes. - Removal of MPIDR-based topology detection in favour of firmware description. - Cleanups to handling of SVE and FPSIMD register state in preparation for potential future optimisation of handling across syscalls. - Cleanups to the SDEI driver in preparation for support in KVM. - Miscellaneous cleanups and refactoring work" * tag 'arm64-upstream' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux: (148 commits) Revert "arm64: initialize per-cpu offsets earlier" arm64: random: Remove no longer needed prototypes arm64: initialize per-cpu offsets earlier kselftest/arm64: Check mte tagged user address in kernel kselftest/arm64: Verify KSM page merge for MTE pages kselftest/arm64: Verify all different mmap MTE options kselftest/arm64: Check forked child mte memory accessibility kselftest/arm64: Verify mte tag inclusion via prctl kselftest/arm64: Add utilities and a test to validate mte memory perf: arm-cmn: Fix conversion specifiers for node type perf: arm-cmn: Fix unsigned comparison to less than zero arm64: dbm: Invalidate local TLB when setting TCR_EL1.HD arm64: mm: Make flush_tlb_fix_spurious_fault() a no-op arm64: Add support for PR_SPEC_DISABLE_NOEXEC prctl() option arm64: Pull in task_stack_page() to Spectre-v4 mitigation code KVM: arm64: Allow patching EL2 vectors even with KASLR is not enabled arm64: Get rid of arm64_ssbd_state KVM: arm64: Convert ARCH_WORKAROUND_2 to arm64_get_spectre_v4_state() KVM: arm64: Get rid of kvm_arm_have_ssbd() KVM: arm64: Simplify handling of ARCH_WORKAROUND_2 ...
2020-09-26mm, THP, swap: fix allocating cluster for swapfile by mistakeGao Xiang1-1/+1
SWP_FS is used to make swap_{read,write}page() go through the filesystem, and it's only used for swap files over NFS. So, !SWP_FS means non NFS for now, it could be either file backed or device backed. Something similar goes with legacy SWP_FILE. So in order to achieve the goal of the original patch, SWP_BLKDEV should be used instead. FS corruption can be observed with SSD device + XFS + fragmented swapfile due to CONFIG_THP_SWAP=y. I reproduced the issue with the following details: Environment: QEMU + upstream kernel + buildroot + NVMe (2 GB) Kernel config: CONFIG_BLK_DEV_NVME=y CONFIG_THP_SWAP=y Some reproducible steps: mkfs.xfs -f /dev/nvme0n1 mkdir /tmp/mnt mount /dev/nvme0n1 /tmp/mnt bs="32k" sz="1024m" # doesn't matter too much, I also tried 16m xfs_io -f -c "pwrite -R -b $bs 0 $sz" -c "fdatasync" /tmp/mnt/sw xfs_io -f -c "pwrite -R -b $bs 0 $sz" -c "fdatasync" /tmp/mnt/sw xfs_io -f -c "pwrite -R -b $bs 0 $sz" -c "fdatasync" /tmp/mnt/sw xfs_io -f -c "pwrite -F -S 0 -b $bs 0 $sz" -c "fdatasync" /tmp/mnt/sw xfs_io -f -c "pwrite -R -b $bs 0 $sz" -c "fsync" /tmp/mnt/sw mkswap /tmp/mnt/sw swapon /tmp/mnt/sw stress --vm 2 --vm-bytes 600M # doesn't matter too much as well Symptoms: - FS corruption (e.g. checksum failure) - memory corruption at: 0xd2808010 - segfault Fixes: f0eea189e8e9 ("mm, THP, swap: Don't allocate huge cluster for file backed swap device") Fixes: 38d8b4e6bdc8 ("mm, THP, swap: delay splitting THP during swap out") Signed-off-by: Gao Xiang <hsiangkao@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com> Reviewed-by: Yang Shi <shy828301@gmail.com> Acked-by: Rafael Aquini <aquini@redhat.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Carlos Maiolino <cmaiolino@redhat.com> Cc: Eric Sandeen <esandeen@redhat.com> Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200820045323.7809-1-hsiangkao@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-09-24bdi: replace BDI_CAP_STABLE_WRITES with a queue and a sb flagChristoph Hellwig1-1/+1
The BDI_CAP_STABLE_WRITES is one of the few bits of information in the backing_dev_info shared between the block drivers and the writeback code. To help untangling the dependency replace it with a queue flag and a superblock flag derived from it. This also helps with the case of e.g. a file system requiring stable writes due to its own checksumming, but not forcing it on other users of the block device like the swap code. One downside is that we an't support the stable_pages_required bdi attribute in sysfs anymore. It is replaced with a queue attribute which also is writable for easier testing. Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Reviewed-by: Johannes Thumshirn <johannes.thumshirn@wdc.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2020-09-24bdi: remove BDI_CAP_SYNCHRONOUS_IOChristoph Hellwig1-1/+1
BDI_CAP_SYNCHRONOUS_IO is only checked in the swap code, and used to decided if ->rw_page can be used on a block device. Just check up for the method instead. The only complication is that zram needs a second set of block_device_operations as it can switch between modes that actually support ->rw_page and those who don't. Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Reviewed-by: Johannes Thumshirn <johannes.thumshirn@wdc.com> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2020-09-23mm: split swap_type_ofChristoph Hellwig1-18/+21
swap_type_of is used for two entirely different purposes: (1) check what swap type a given device/offset corresponds to (2) find the first available swap device that can be written to Mixing both in a single function creates an unreadable mess. Create two separate functions instead, and switch both to pass a dev_t instead of a struct block_device to further simplify the code. Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2020-09-23mm: cleanup claim_swapfileChristoph Hellwig1-3/+3
Use blkdev_get_by_dev instead of bdgrab + blkdev_get. Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2020-09-04mm: Add arch hooks for saving/restoring tagsSteven Price1-0/+2
Arm's Memory Tagging Extension (MTE) adds some metadata (tags) to every physical page, when swapping pages out to disk it is necessary to save these tags, and later restore them when reading the pages back. Add some hooks along with dummy implementations to enable the arch code to handle this. Three new hooks are added to the swap code: * arch_prepare_to_swap() and * arch_swap_invalidate_page() / arch_swap_invalidate_area(). One new hook is added to shmem: * arch_swap_restore() Signed-off-by: Steven Price <steven.price@arm.com> [catalin.marinas@arm.com: add unlock_page() on the error path] [catalin.marinas@arm.com: dropped the _tags suffix] Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Acked-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2020-08-14mm/swapfile: fix and annotate various data racesQian Cai1-13/+18
swap_info_struct si.highest_bit, si.swap_map[offset] and si.flags could be accessed concurrently separately as noticed by KCSAN, === si.highest_bit === write to 0xffff8d5abccdc4d4 of 4 bytes by task 5353 on cpu 24: swap_range_alloc+0x81/0x130 swap_range_alloc at mm/swapfile.c:681 scan_swap_map_slots+0x371/0xb90 get_swap_pages+0x39d/0x5c0 get_swap_page+0xf2/0x524 add_to_swap+0xe4/0x1c0 shrink_page_list+0x1795/0x2870 shrink_inactive_list+0x316/0x880 shrink_lruvec+0x8dc/0x1380 shrink_node+0x317/0xd80 do_try_to_free_pages+0x1f7/0xa10 try_to_free_pages+0x26c/0x5e0 __alloc_pages_slowpath+0x458/0x1290 read to 0xffff8d5abccdc4d4 of 4 bytes by task 6672 on cpu 70: scan_swap_map_slots+0x4a6/0xb90 scan_swap_map_slots at mm/swapfile.c:892 get_swap_pages+0x39d/0x5c0 get_swap_page+0xf2/0x524 add_to_swap+0xe4/0x1c0 shrink_page_list+0x1795/0x2870 shrink_inactive_list+0x316/0x880 shrink_lruvec+0x8dc/0x1380 shrink_node+0x317/0xd80 do_try_to_free_pages+0x1f7/0xa10 try_to_free_pages+0x26c/0x5e0 __alloc_pages_slowpath+0x458/0x1290 Reported by Kernel Concurrency Sanitizer on: CPU: 70 PID: 6672 Comm: oom01 Tainted: G W L 5.5.0-next-20200205+ #3 Hardware name: HPE ProLiant DL385 Gen10/ProLiant DL385 Gen10, BIOS A40 07/10/2019 === si.swap_map[offset] === write to 0xffffbc370c29a64c of 1 bytes by task 6856 on cpu 86: __swap_entry_free_locked+0x8c/0x100 __swap_entry_free_locked at mm/swapfile.c:1209 (discriminator 4) __swap_entry_free.constprop.20+0x69/0xb0 free_swap_and_cache+0x53/0xa0 unmap_page_range+0x7f8/0x1d70 unmap_single_vma+0xcd/0x170 unmap_vmas+0x18b/0x220 exit_mmap+0xee/0x220 mmput+0x10e/0x270 do_exit+0x59b/0xf40 do_group_exit+0x8b/0x180 read to 0xffffbc370c29a64c of 1 bytes by task 6855 on cpu 20: _swap_info_get+0x81/0xa0 _swap_info_get at mm/swapfile.c:1140 free_swap_and_cache+0x40/0xa0 unmap_page_range+0x7f8/0x1d70 unmap_single_vma+0xcd/0x170 unmap_vmas+0x18b/0x220 exit_mmap+0xee/0x220 mmput+0x10e/0x270 do_exit+0x59b/0xf40 do_group_exit+0x8b/0x180 === si.flags === write to 0xffff956c8fc6c400 of 8 bytes by task 6087 on cpu 23: scan_swap_map_slots+0x6fe/0xb50 scan_swap_map_slots at mm/swapfile.c:887 get_swap_pages+0x39d/0x5c0 get_swap_page+0x377/0x524 add_to_swap+0xe4/0x1c0 shrink_page_list+0x1795/0x2870 shrink_inactive_list+0x316/0x880 shrink_lruvec+0x8dc/0x1380 shrink_node+0x317/0xd80 do_try_to_free_pages+0x1f7/0xa10 try_to_free_pages+0x26c/0x5e0 __alloc_pages_slowpath+0x458/0x1290 read to 0xffff956c8fc6c400 of 8 bytes by task 6207 on cpu 63: _swap_info_get+0x41/0xa0 __swap_info_get at mm/swapfile.c:1114 put_swap_page+0x84/0x490 __remove_mapping+0x384/0x5f0 shrink_page_list+0xff1/0x2870 shrink_inactive_list+0x316/0x880 shrink_lruvec+0x8dc/0x1380 shrink_node+0x317/0xd80 do_try_to_free_pages+0x1f7/0xa10 try_to_free_pages+0x26c/0x5e0 __alloc_pages_slowpath+0x458/0x1290 The writes are under si->lock but the reads are not. For si.highest_bit and si.swap_map[offset], data race could trigger logic bugs, so fix them by having WRITE_ONCE() for the writes and READ_ONCE() for the reads except those isolated reads where they compare against zero which a data race would cause no harm. Thus, annotate them as intentional data races using the data_race() macro. For si.flags, the readers are only interested in a single bit where a data race there would cause no issue there. [cai@lca.pw: add a missing annotation for si->flags in memory.c] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1581612647-5958-1-git-send-email-cai@lca.pw Signed-off-by: Qian Cai <cai@lca.pw> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Marco Elver <elver@google.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1581095163-12198-1-git-send-email-cai@lca.pw Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-08-14mm: replace hpage_nr_pages with thp_nr_pagesMatthew Wilcox (Oracle)1-1/+1
The thp prefix is more frequently used than hpage and we should be consistent between the various functions. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix mm/migrate.c] Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: William Kucharski <william.kucharski@oracle.com> Reviewed-by: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com> Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200629151959.15779-6-willy@infradead.org Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-08-12mm/swapcache: support to handle the shadow entriesJoonsoo Kim1-0/+2
Workingset detection for anonymous page will be implemented in the following patch and it requires to store the shadow entries into the swapcache. This patch implements an infrastructure to store the shadow entry in the swapcache. Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1595490560-15117-5-git-send-email-iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-08-12mm/vmscan: protect the workingset on anonymous LRUJoonsoo Kim1-1/+1
In current implementation, newly created or swap-in anonymous page is started on active list. Growing active list results in rebalancing active/inactive list so old pages on active list are demoted to inactive list. Hence, the page on active list isn't protected at all. Following is an example of this situation. Assume that 50 hot pages on active list. Numbers denote the number of pages on active/inactive list (active | inactive). 1. 50 hot pages on active list 50(h) | 0 2. workload: 50 newly created (used-once) pages 50(uo) | 50(h) 3. workload: another 50 newly created (used-once) pages 50(uo) | 50(uo), swap-out 50(h) This patch tries to fix this issue. Like as file LRU, newly created or swap-in anonymous pages will be inserted to the inactive list. They are promoted to active list if enough reference happens. This simple modification changes the above example as following. 1. 50 hot pages on active list 50(h) | 0 2. workload: 50 newly created (used-once) pages 50(h) | 50(uo) 3. workload: another 50 newly created (used-once) pages 50(h) | 50(uo), swap-out 50(uo) As you can see, hot pages on active list would be protected. Note that, this implementation has a drawback that the page cannot be promoted and will be swapped-out if re-access interval is greater than the size of inactive list but less than the size of total(active+inactive). To solve this potential issue, following patch will apply workingset detection similar to the one that's already applied to file LRU. Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1595490560-15117-3-git-send-email-iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-07-01block: remove the bd_queue field from struct block_deviceChristoph Hellwig1-1/+1
Just use bd_disk->queue instead. Reviewed-by: Johannes Thumshirn <johannes.thumshirn@wdc.com> Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2020-06-09mmap locking API: use coccinelle to convert mmap_sem rwsem call sitesMichel Lespinasse1-2/+2
This change converts the existing mmap_sem rwsem calls to use the new mmap locking API instead. The change is generated using coccinelle with the following rule: // spatch --sp-file mmap_lock_api.cocci --in-place --include-headers --dir . @@ expression mm; @@ ( -init_rwsem +mmap_init_lock | -down_write +mmap_write_lock | -down_write_killable +mmap_write_lock_killable | -down_write_trylock +mmap_write_trylock | -up_write +mmap_write_unlock | -downgrade_write +mmap_write_downgrade | -down_read +mmap_read_lock | -down_read_killable +mmap_read_lock_killable | -down_read_trylock +mmap_read_trylock | -up_read +mmap_read_unlock ) -(&mm->mmap_sem) +(mm) Signed-off-by: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: Daniel Jordan <daniel.m.jordan@oracle.com> Reviewed-by: Laurent Dufour <ldufour@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@ziepe.ca> Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com> Cc: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com> Cc: Liam Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200520052908.204642-5-walken@google.com Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-06-09mm: don't include asm/pgtable.h if linux/mm.h is already includedMike Rapoport1-1/+0
Patch series "mm: consolidate definitions of page table accessors", v2. The low level page table accessors (pXY_index(), pXY_offset()) are duplicated across all architectures and sometimes more than once. For instance, we have 31 definition of pgd_offset() for 25 supported architectures. Most of these definitions are actually identical and typically it boils down to, e.g. static inline unsigned long pmd_index(unsigned long address) { return (address >> PMD_SHIFT) & (PTRS_PER_PMD - 1); } static inline pmd_t *pmd_offset(pud_t *pud, unsigned long address) { return (pmd_t *)pud_page_vaddr(*pud) + pmd_index(address); } These definitions can be shared among 90% of the arches provided XYZ_SHIFT, PTRS_PER_XYZ and xyz_page_vaddr() are defined. For architectures that really need a custom version there is always possibility to override the generic version with the usual ifdefs magic. These patches introduce include/linux/pgtable.h that replaces include/asm-generic/pgtable.h and add the definitions of the page table accessors to the new header. This patch (of 12): The linux/mm.h header includes <asm/pgtable.h> to allow inlining of the functions involving page table manipulations, e.g. pte_alloc() and pmd_alloc(). So, there is no point to explicitly include <asm/pgtable.h> in the files that include <linux/mm.h>. The include statements in such cases are remove with a simple loop: for f in $(git grep -l "include <linux/mm.h>") ; do sed -i -e '/include <asm\/pgtable.h>/ d' $f done Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Brian Cain <bcain@codeaurora.org> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net> Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Greentime Hu <green.hu@gmail.com> Cc: Greg Ungerer <gerg@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@pku.edu.cn> Cc: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org> Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com> Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Ley Foon Tan <ley.foon.tan@intel.com> Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com> Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com> Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Nick Hu <nickhu@andestech.com> Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com> Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at> Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org> Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk> Cc: Stafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com> Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: Vincent Chen <deanbo422@gmail.com> Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200514170327.31389-1-rppt@kernel.org Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200514170327.31389-2-rppt@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-06-03mm: memcontrol: charge swapin pages on instantiationJohannes Weiner1-6/+0
Right now, users that are otherwise memory controlled can easily escape their containment and allocate significant amounts of memory that they're not being charged for. That's because swap readahead pages are not being charged until somebody actually faults them into their page table. This can be exploited with MADV_WILLNEED, which triggers arbitrary readahead allocations without charging the pages. There are additional problems with the delayed charging of swap pages: 1. To implement refault/workingset detection for anonymous pages, we need to have a target LRU available at swapin time, but the LRU is not determinable until the page has been charged. 2. To implement per-cgroup LRU locking, we need page->mem_cgroup to be stable when the page is isolated from the LRU; otherwise, the locks change under us. But swapcache gets charged after it's already on the LRU, and even if we cannot isolate it ourselves (since charging is not exactly optional). The previous patch ensured we always maintain cgroup ownership records for swap pages. This patch moves the swapcache charging point from the fault handler to swapin time to fix all of the above problems. v2: simplify swapin error checking (Joonsoo) [hughd@google.com: fix livelock in __read_swap_cache_async()] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.LSU.2.11.2005212246080.8458@eggly.anvils Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: Alex Shi <alex.shi@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com> Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com> Cc: Rafael Aquini <aquini@redhat.com> Cc: Alex Shi <alex.shi@linux.alibaba.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200508183105.225460-17-hannes@cmpxchg.org Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-06-03mm: memcontrol: convert anon and file-thp to new mem_cgroup_charge() APIJohannes Weiner1-5/+1
With the page->mapping requirement gone from memcg, we can charge anon and file-thp pages in one single step, right after they're allocated. This removes two out of three API calls - especially the tricky commit step that needed to happen at just the right time between when the page is "set up" and when it's "published" - somewhat vague and fluid concepts that varied by page type. All we need is a freshly allocated page and a memcg context to charge. v2: prevent double charges on pre-allocated hugepages in khugepaged [hannes@cmpxchg.org: Fix crash - *hpage could be ERR_PTR instead of NULL] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200512215813.GA487759@cmpxchg.org Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Cc: Alex Shi <alex.shi@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com> Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com> Cc: Qian Cai <cai@lca.pw> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200508183105.225460-13-hannes@cmpxchg.org Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-06-03mm: memcontrol: switch to native NR_ANON_MAPPED counterJohannes Weiner1-2/+2
Memcg maintains a private MEMCG_RSS counter. This divergence from the generic VM accounting means unnecessary code overhead, and creates a dependency for memcg that page->mapping is set up at the time of charging, so that page types can be told apart. Convert the generic accounting sites to mod_lruvec_page_state and friends to maintain the per-cgroup vmstat counter of NR_ANON_MAPPED. We use lock_page_memcg() to stabilize page->mem_cgroup during rmap changes, the same way we do for NR_FILE_MAPPED. With the previous patch removing MEMCG_CACHE and the private NR_SHMEM counter, this patch finally eliminates the need to have page->mapping set up at charge time. However, we need to have page->mem_cgroup set up by the time rmap runs and does the accounting, so switch the commit and the rmap callbacks around. v2: fix temporary accounting bug by switching rmap<->commit (Joonsoo) Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Alex Shi <alex.shi@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com> Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200508183105.225460-11-hannes@cmpxchg.org Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-06-03mm: memcontrol: move out cgroup swaprate throttlingJohannes Weiner1-7/+7
The cgroup swaprate throttling is about matching new anon allocations to the rate of available IO when that is being throttled. It's the io controller hooking into the VM, rather than a memory controller thing. Rename mem_cgroup_throttle_swaprate() to cgroup_throttle_swaprate(), and drop the @memcg argument which is only used to check whether the preceding page charge has succeeded and the fault is proceeding. We could decouple the call from mem_cgroup_try_charge() here as well, but that would cause unnecessary churn: the following patches convert all callsites to a new charge API and we'll decouple as we go along. Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: Alex Shi <alex.shi@linux.alibaba.com> Reviewed-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Reviewed-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com> Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200508183105.225460-5-hannes@cmpxchg.org Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-06-03mm: memcontrol: drop @compound parameter from memcg charging APIJohannes Weiner1-5/+4
The memcg charging API carries a boolean @compound parameter that tells whether the page we're dealing with is a hugepage. mem_cgroup_commit_charge() has another boolean @lrucare that indicates whether the page needs LRU locking or not while charging. The majority of callsites know those parameters at compile time, which results in a lot of naked "false, false" argument lists. This makes for cryptic code and is a breeding ground for subtle mistakes. Thankfully, the huge page state can be inferred from the page itself and doesn't need to be passed along. This is safe because charging completes before the page is published and somebody may split it. Simplify the callsites by removing @compound, and let memcg infer the state by using hpage_nr_pages() unconditionally. That function does PageTransHuge() to identify huge pages, which also helpfully asserts that nobody passes in tail pages by accident. The following patches will introduce a new charging API, best not to carry over unnecessary weight. Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: Alex Shi <alex.shi@linux.alibaba.com> Reviewed-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Reviewed-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com> Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200508183105.225460-4-hannes@cmpxchg.org Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-06-02mm: swapfile: fix /proc/swaps heading and Size/Used/Priority alignmentRandy Dunlap1-4/+8
Fix the heading and Size/Used/Priority field alignments in /proc/swaps. If the Size and/or Used value is >= 10000000 (8 bytes), then the alignment by using tab characters is broken. This patch maintains the use of tabs for alignment. If spaces are preferred, we can just use a Field Width specifier for the bytes and inuse fields. That way those fields don't have to be a multiple of 8 bytes in width. E.g., with a field width of 12, both Size and Used would always fit on the first line of an 80-column wide terminal (only Priority would be on the second line). There are actually 2 problems: heading alignment and field width. On an xterm, if Used is 7 bytes in length, the tab does nothing, and the display is like this, with no space/tab between the Used and Priority fields. (ugh) Filename Type Size Used Priority /dev/sda8 partition 16779260 2023012-1 To be clear, if one does 'cat /proc/swaps >/tmp/proc.swaps', it does look different, like so: Filename Type Size Used Priority /dev/sda8 partition 16779260 2086988 -1 Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/c0ffb41a-81ac-ddfa-d452-a9229ecc0387@infradead.org Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-06-02swap: reduce lock contention on swap cache from swap slots allocationHuang Ying1-5/+56
In some swap scalability test, it is found that there are heavy lock contention on swap cache even if we have split one swap cache radix tree per swap device to one swap cache radix tree every 64 MB trunk in commit 4b3ef9daa4fc ("mm/swap: split swap cache into 64MB trunks"). The reason is as follow. After the swap device becomes fragmented so that there's no free swap cluster, the swap device will be scanned linearly to find the free swap slots. swap_info_struct->cluster_next is the next scanning base that is shared by all CPUs. So nearby free swap slots will be allocated for different CPUs. The probability for multiple CPUs to operate on the same 64 MB trunk is high. This causes the lock contention on the swap cache. To solve the issue, in this patch, for SSD swap device, a percpu version next scanning base (cluster_next_cpu) is added. Every CPU will use its own per-cpu next scanning base. And after finishing scanning a 64MB trunk, the per-cpu scanning base will be changed to the beginning of another randomly selected 64MB trunk. In this way, the probability for multiple CPUs to operate on the same 64 MB trunk is reduced greatly. Thus the lock contention is reduced too. For HDD, because sequential access is more important for IO performance, the original shared next scanning base is used. To test the patch, we have run 16-process pmbench memory benchmark on a 2-socket server machine with 48 cores. One ram disk is configured as the swap device per socket. The pmbench working-set size is much larger than the available memory so that swapping is triggered. The memory read/write ratio is 80/20 and the accessing pattern is random. In the original implementation, the lock contention on the swap cache is heavy. The perf profiling data of the lock contention code path is as following, _raw_spin_lock_irq.add_to_swap_cache.add_to_swap.shrink_page_list: 7.91 _raw_spin_lock_irqsave.__remove_mapping.shrink_page_list: 7.11 _raw_spin_lock.swapcache_free_entries.free_swap_slot.__swap_entry_free: 2.51 _raw_spin_lock_irqsave.swap_cgroup_record.mem_cgroup_uncharge_swap: 1.66 _raw_spin_lock_irq.shrink_inactive_list.shrink_lruvec.shrink_node: 1.29 _raw_spin_lock.free_pcppages_bulk.drain_pages_zone.drain_pages: 1.03 _raw_spin_lock_irq.shrink_active_list.shrink_lruvec.shrink_node: 0.93 After applying this patch, it becomes, _raw_spin_lock.swapcache_free_entries.free_swap_slot.__swap_entry_free: 3.58 _raw_spin_lock_irq.shrink_inactive_list.shrink_lruvec.shrink_node: 2.3 _raw_spin_lock_irqsave.swap_cgroup_record.mem_cgroup_uncharge_swap: 2.26 _raw_spin_lock_irq.shrink_active_list.shrink_lruvec.shrink_node: 1.8 _raw_spin_lock.free_pcppages_bulk.drain_pages_zone.drain_pages: 1.19 The lock contention on the swap cache is almost eliminated. And the pmbench score increases 18.5%. The swapin throughput increases 18.7% from 2.96 GB/s to 3.51 GB/s. While the swapout throughput increases 18.5% from 2.99 GB/s to 3.54 GB/s. We need really fast disk to show the benefit. I have tried this on 2 Intel P3600 NVMe disks. The performance improvement is only about 1%. The improvement should be better on the faster disks, such as Intel Optane disk. [ying.huang@intel.com: fix cluster_next_cpu allocation and freeing, per Daniel] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200525002648.336325-1-ying.huang@intel.com [ying.huang@intel.com: v4] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200529010840.928819-1-ying.huang@intel.com Signed-off-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: Daniel Jordan <daniel.m.jordan@oracle.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Cc: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200520031502.175659-1-ying.huang@intel.com Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-06-02mm/swapfile.c: use prandom_u32_max()Huang Ying1-1/+1
To improve the code readability and take advantage of the common implementation. Signed-off-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Cc: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200512081013.520201-1-ying.huang@intel.com Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-06-02mm/swapfile.c: __swap_entry_free() always free 1 entryWei Yang1-4/+5
__swap_entry_free() always frees 1 entry. Let's remove the usage. Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200501015259.32237-2-richard.weiyang@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-06-02swap: try to scan more free slots even when fragmentedHuang Ying1-0/+22
Now, the scalability of swap code will drop much when the swap device becomes fragmented, because the swap slots allocation batching stops working. To solve the problem, in this patch, we will try to scan a little more swap slots with restricted effort to batch the swap slots allocation even if the swap device is fragmented. Test shows that the benchmark score can increase up to 37.1% with the patch. Details are as follows. The swap code has a per-cpu cache of swap slots. These batch swap space allocations to improve swap subsystem scaling. In the following code path, add_to_swap() get_swap_page() refill_swap_slots_cache() get_swap_pages() scan_swap_map_slots() scan_swap_map_slots() and get_swap_pages() can return multiple swap slots for each call. These slots will be cached in the per-CPU swap slots cache, so that several following swap slot requests will be fulfilled there to avoid the lock contention in the lower level swap space allocation/freeing code path. But this only works when there are free swap clusters. If a swap device becomes so fragmented that there's no free swap clusters, scan_swap_map_slots() and get_swap_pages() will return only one swap slot for each call in the above code path. Effectively, this falls back to the situation before the swap slots cache was introduced, the heavy lock contention on the swap related locks kills the scalability. Why does it work in this way? Because the swap device could be large, and the free swap slot scanning could be quite time consuming, to avoid taking too much time to scanning free swap slots, the conservative method was used. In fact, this can be improved via scanning a little more free slots with strictly restricted effort. Which is implemented in this patch. In scan_swap_map_slots(), after the first free swap slot is gotten, we will try to scan a little more, but only if we haven't scanned too many slots (< LATENCY_LIMIT). That is, the added scanning latency is strictly restricted. To test the patch, we have run 16-process pmbench memory benchmark on a 2-socket server machine with 48 cores. Multiple ram disks are configured as the swap devices. The pmbench working-set size is much larger than the available memory so that swapping is triggered. The memory read/write ratio is 80/20 and the accessing pattern is random, so the swap space becomes highly fragmented during the test. In the original implementation, the lock contention on swap related locks is very heavy. The perf profiling data of the lock contention code path is as following, _raw_spin_lock.get_swap_pages.get_swap_page.add_to_swap: 21.03 _raw_spin_lock_irq.shrink_inactive_list.shrink_lruvec.shrink_node: 1.92 _raw_spin_lock_irq.shrink_active_list.shrink_lruvec.shrink_node: 1.72 _raw_spin_lock.free_pcppages_bulk.drain_pages_zone.drain_pages: 0.69 While after applying this patch, it becomes, _raw_spin_lock_irq.shrink_inactive_list.shrink_lruvec.shrink_node: 4.89 _raw_spin_lock_irq.shrink_active_list.shrink_lruvec.shrink_node: 3.85 _raw_spin_lock.free_pcppages_bulk.drain_pages_zone.drain_pages: 1.1 _raw_spin_lock_irqsave.pagevec_lru_move_fn.__lru_cache_add.do_swap_page: 0.88 That is, the lock contention on the swap locks is eliminated. And the pmbench score increases 37.1%. The swapin throughput increases 45.7% from 2.02 GB/s to 2.94 GB/s. While the swapout throughput increases 45.3% from 2.04 GB/s to 2.97 GB/s. Signed-off-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Acked-by: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200427030023.264780-1-ying.huang@intel.com Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-06-02mm/swapfile.c: omit a duplicate code by compare tmp and max firstWei Yang1-10/+8
There are two duplicate code to handle the case when there is no available swap entry. To avoid this, we can compare tmp and max first and let the second guard do its job. No functional change is expected. Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com> Cc: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200421213824.8099-3-richard.weiyang@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-06-02mm/swapfile.c: tmp is always smaller than maxWei Yang1-1/+1
If tmp is bigger or equal to max, we would jump to new_cluster. Return true directly. Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com> Cc: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200421213824.8099-2-richard.weiyang@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-06-02mm/swapfile.c: found_free could be represented by (tmp < max)Wei Yang1-8/+3
This is not necessary to use the variable found_free to record the status. Just check tmp and max is enough. Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com> Cc: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200421213824.8099-1-richard.weiyang@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-06-02mm/swapfile.c: remove the extra check in scan_swap_map_slots()Wei Yang1-3/+0
scan_swap_map_slots() is only called by scan_swap_map() and get_swap_pages(). Both ensure nr would not exceed SWAP_BATCH. Just remove it. Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200325220309.9803-2-richard.weiyang@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-06-02mm/swapfile.c: simplify the calculation of n_goalWei Yang1-5/+1
Use min3() to simplify the comparison and make it more self-explaining. Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200325220309.9803-1-richard.weiyang@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-06-02mm/swapfile.c: remove the unnecessary goto for SSD caseWei Yang1-5/+1
Now we can see there is redundant goto for SSD case. In these two places, we can just let the code walk through to the correct tag instead of explicitly jump to it. Let's remove them for better readability. Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200328060520.31449-4-richard.weiyang@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-06-02mm/swapfile.c: explicitly show ssd/non-ssd is handled mutually exclusiveWei Yang1-7/+3
The code shows if this is ssd, it will jump to specific tag and skip the following code for non-ssd. Let's use "else if" to explicitly show the mutually exclusion for ssd/non-ssd to reduce ambiguity. Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200328060520.31449-3-richard.weiyang@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-06-02mm/swapfile.c: offset is only used when there is more slotsWei Yang1-3/+1
scan_swap_map_slots() is used to iterate swap_map[] array for an available swap entry. While after several optimizations, e.g. for ssd case, the logic of this function is a little not easy to catch. This patchset tries to clean up the logic a little: * shows the ssd/non-ssd case is handled mutually exclusively * remove some unnecessary goto for ssd case This patch (of 3): When si->cluster_nr is zero, function would reach done and return. The increased offset would not be used any more. This means we can move the offset increment into the if clause. This brings a further code cleanup possibility. Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200328060520.31449-1-richard.weiyang@gmail.com Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200328060520.31449-2-richard.weiyang@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-06-02mm: swap: properly update readahead statistics in unuse_pte_range()Andrea Righi1-4/+8
In unuse_pte_range() we blindly swap-in pages without checking if the swap entry is already present in the swap cache. By doing this, the hit/miss ratio used by the swap readahead heuristic is not properly updated and this leads to non-optimal performance during swapoff. Tracing the distribution of the readahead size returned by the swap readahead heuristic during swapoff shows that a small readahead size is used most of the time as if we had only misses (this happens both with cluster and vma readahead), for example: r::swapin_nr_pages(unsigned long offset):unsigned long:$retval COUNT EVENT 36948 $retval = 8 44151 $retval = 4 49290 $retval = 1 527771 $retval = 2 Checking if the swap entry is present in the swap cache, instead, allows to properly update the readahead statistics and the heuristic behaves in a better way during swapoff, selecting a bigger readahead size: r::swapin_nr_pages(unsigned long offset):unsigned long:$retval COUNT EVENT 1618 $retval = 1 4960 $retval = 2 41315 $retval = 4 103521 $retval = 8 In terms of swapoff performance the result is the following: Testing environment =================== - Host: CPU: 1.8GHz Intel Core i7-8565U (quad-core, 8MB cache) HDD: PC401 NVMe SK hynix 512GB MEM: 16GB - Guest (kvm): 8GB of RAM virtio block driver 16GB swap file on ext4 (/swapfile) Test case ========= - allocate 85% of memory - `systemctl hibernate` to force all the pages to be swapped-out to the swap file - resume the system - measure the time that swapoff takes to complete: # /usr/bin/time swapoff /swapfile Result (swapoff time) ====== 5.6 vanilla 5.6 w/ this patch ----------- ----------------- cluster-readahead 22.09s 12.19s vma-readahead 18.20s 15.33s Conclusion ========== The specific use case this patch is addressing is to improve swapoff performance in cloud environments when a VM has been hibernated, resumed and all the memory needs to be forced back to RAM by disabling swap. This change allows to better exploits the advantages of the readahead heuristic during swapoff and this improvement allows to to speed up the resume process of such VMs. [andrea.righi@canonical.com: update changelog] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200418084705.GA147642@xps-13 Signed-off-by: Andrea Righi <andrea.righi@canonical.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Cc: Anchal Agarwal <anchalag@amazon.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Vineeth Remanan Pillai <vpillai@digitalocean.com> Cc: Kelley Nielsen <kelleynnn@gmail.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200416180132.GB3352@xps-13 Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-06-02mm/swapfile: use list_{prev,next}_entry() instead of open-codingchenqiwu1-10/+6
Use list_{prev,next}_entry() instead of list_entry() for better code readability. Signed-off-by: chenqiwu <chenqiwu@xiaomi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@gmail.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Pankaj Gupta <pankaj.gupta.linux@gmail.com> Cc: Yang Shi <yang.shi@linux.alibaba.com> Cc: Qian Cai <cai@lca.pw> Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1586599916-15456-2-git-send-email-qiwuchen55@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-04-07proc: faster open/read/close with "permanent" filesAlexey Dobriyan1-0/+1
Now that "struct proc_ops" exist we can start putting there stuff which could not fly with VFS "struct file_operations"... Most of fs/proc/inode.c file is dedicated to make open/read/.../close reliable in the event of disappearing /proc entries which usually happens if module is getting removed. Files like /proc/cpuinfo which never disappear simply do not need such protection. Save 2 atomic ops, 1 allocation, 1 free per open/read/close sequence for such "permanent" files. Enable "permanent" flag for /proc/cpuinfo /proc/kmsg /proc/modules /proc/slabinfo /proc/stat /proc/sysvipc/* /proc/swaps More will come once I figure out foolproof way to prevent out module authors from marking their stuff "permanent" for performance reasons when it is not. This should help with scalability: benchmark is "read /proc/cpuinfo R times by N threads scattered over the system". N R t, s (before) t, s (after) ----------------------------------------------------- 64 4096 1.582458 1.530502 -3.2% 256 4096 6.371926 6.125168 -3.9% 1024 4096 25.64888 24.47528 -4.6% Benchmark source: #include <chrono> #include <iostream> #include <thread> #include <vector> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <unistd.h> const int NR_CPUS = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN); int N; const char *filename; int R; int xxx = 0; int glue(int n) { cpu_set_t m; CPU_ZERO(&m); CPU_SET(n, &m); return sched_setaffinity(0, sizeof(cpu_set_t), &m); } void f(int n) { glue(n % NR_CPUS); while (*(volatile int *)&xxx == 0) { } for (int i = 0; i < R; i++) { int fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY); char buf[4096]; ssize_t rv = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)); asm volatile ("" :: "g" (rv)); close(fd); } } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { if (argc < 4) { std::cerr << "usage: " << argv[0] << ' ' << "N /proc/filename R "; return 1; } N = atoi(argv[1]); filename = argv[2]; R = atoi(argv[3]); for (int i = 0; i < NR_CPUS; i++) { if (glue(i) == 0) break; } std::vector<std::thread> T; T.reserve(N); for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) { T.emplace_back(f, i); } auto t0 = std::chrono::system_clock::now(); { *(volatile int *)&xxx = 1; for (auto& t: T) { t.join(); } } auto t1 = std::chrono::system_clock::now(); std::chrono::duration<double> dt = t1 - t0; std::cout << dt.count() << ' '; return 0; } P.S.: Explicit randomization marker is added because adding non-function pointer will silently disable structure layout randomization. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding style fixes] Reported-by: kbuild test robot <lkp@intel.com> Reported-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200222201539.GA22576@avx2 Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-04-02mm/swapfile: fix data races in try_to_unuse()Qian Cai1-4/+4
si->inuse_pages could be accessed concurrently as noticed by KCSAN, write to 0xffff98b00ebd04dc of 4 bytes by task 82262 on cpu 92: swap_range_free+0xbe/0x230 swap_range_free at mm/swapfile.c:719 swapcache_free_entries+0x1be/0x250 free_swap_slot+0x1c8/0x220 __swap_entry_free.constprop.19+0xa3/0xb0 free_swap_and_cache+0x53/0xa0 unmap_page_range+0x7e0/0x1ce0 unmap_single_vma+0xcd/0x170 unmap_vmas+0x18b/0x220 exit_mmap+0xee/0x220 mmput+0xe7/0x240 do_exit+0x598/0xfd0 do_group_exit+0x8b/0x180 get_signal+0x293/0x13d0 do_signal+0x37/0x5d0 prepare_exit_to_usermode+0x1b7/0x2c0 ret_from_intr+0x32/0x42 read to 0xffff98b00ebd04dc of 4 bytes by task 82499 on cpu 46: try_to_unuse+0x86b/0xc80 try_to_unuse at mm/swapfile.c:2185 __x64_sys_swapoff+0x372/0xd40 do_syscall_64+0x91/0xb05 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x49/0xbe The plain reads in try_to_unuse() are outside si->lock critical section which result in data races that could be dangerous to be used in a loop. Fix them by adding READ_ONCE(). Signed-off-by: Qian Cai <cai@lca.pw> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Marco Elver <elver@google.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1582578903-29294-1-git-send-email-cai@lca.pw Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-04-02mm/swapfile.c: fix comments for swapcache_prepareChen Wandun1-1/+1
The -EEXIST returned by __swap_duplicate means there is a swap cache instead -EBUSY Signed-off-by: Chen Wandun <chenwandun@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200212145754.27123-1-chenwandun@huawei.com Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-03-29mm/swapfile.c: move inode_lock out of claim_swapfileNaohiro Aota1-21/+20
claim_swapfile() currently keeps the inode locked when it is successful, or the file is already swapfile (with -EBUSY). And, on the other error cases, it does not lock the inode. This inconsistency of the lock state and return value is quite confusing and actually causing a bad unlock balance as below in the "bad_swap" section of __do_sys_swapon(). This commit fixes this issue by moving the inode_lock() and IS_SWAPFILE check out of claim_swapfile(). The inode is unlocked in "bad_swap_unlock_inode" section, so that the inode is ensured to be unlocked at "bad_swap". Thus, error handling codes after the locking now jumps to "bad_swap_unlock_inode" instead of "bad_swap". ===================================== WARNING: bad unlock balance detected! 5.5.0-rc7+ #176 Not tainted ------------------------------------- swapon/4294 is trying to release lock (&sb->s_type->i_mutex_key) at: __do_sys_swapon+0x94b/0x3550 but there are no more locks to release! other info that might help us debug this: no locks held by swapon/4294. stack backtrace: CPU: 5 PID: 4294 Comm: swapon Not tainted 5.5.0-rc7-BTRFS-ZNS+ #176 Hardware name: ASUS All Series/H87-PRO, BIOS 2102 07/29/2014 Call Trace: dump_stack+0xa1/0xea print_unlock_imbalance_bug.cold+0x114/0x123 lock_release+0x562/0xed0 up_write+0x2d/0x490 __do_sys_swapon+0x94b/0x3550 __x64_sys_swapon+0x54/0x80 do_syscall_64+0xa4/0x4b0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x49/0xbe RIP: 0033:0x7f15da0a0dc7 Fixes: 1638045c3677 ("mm: set S_SWAPFILE on blockdev swap devices") Signed-off-by: Naohiro Aota <naohiro.aota@wdc.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Tested-by: Qais Youef <qais.yousef@arm.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com> Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200206090132.154869-1-naohiro.aota@wdc.com Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-02-21mm/swapfile.c: fix a comment in sys_swapon()Christoph Hellwig1-1/+1
claim_swapfile now always takes i_rwsem. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200114161225.309792-2-hch@lst.de Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-02-04proc: convert everything to "struct proc_ops"Alexey Dobriyan1-7/+7
The most notable change is DEFINE_SHOW_ATTRIBUTE macro split in seq_file.h. Conversion rule is: llseek => proc_lseek unlocked_ioctl => proc_ioctl xxx => proc_xxx delete ".owner = THIS_MODULE" line [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix drivers/isdn/capi/kcapi_proc.c] [sfr@canb.auug.org.au: fix kernel/sched/psi.c] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200122180545.36222f50@canb.auug.org.au Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191225172546.GB13378@avx2 Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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