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2022-10-03mm/secretmem: remove reduntant return valueXiu Jianfeng1-4/+2
The return value @ret is always 0, so remove it and return 0 directly. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220920012205.246217-1-xiujianfeng@huawei.com Signed-off-by: Xiu Jianfeng <xiujianfeng@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2022-10-03mm/secretmem: add __init annotation to secretmem_init()Xiu Jianfeng1-1/+1
It's a fs_initcall entry, add __init annotation to it. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220915011602.176967-1-xiujianfeng@huawei.com Signed-off-by: Xiu Jianfeng <xiujianfeng@huawei.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2022-09-11mm: fix dereferencing possible ERR_PTRBinyi Han1-1/+1
Smatch checker complains that 'secretmem_mnt' dereferencing possible ERR_PTR(). Let the function return if 'secretmem_mnt' is ERR_PTR, to avoid deferencing it. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220904074647.GA64291@cloud-MacBookPro Fixes: 1507f51255c9f ("mm: introduce memfd_secret system call to create "secret" memory areas") Signed-off-by: Binyi Han <dantengknight@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foudation.org> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Ammar Faizi <ammarfaizi2@gnuweeb.org> Cc: Hagen Paul Pfeifer <hagen@jauu.net> Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2022-08-03Merge tag 'folio-6.0' of git://git.infradead.org/users/willy/pagecacheLinus Torvalds1-10/+3
Pull folio updates from Matthew Wilcox: - Fix an accounting bug that made NR_FILE_DIRTY grow without limit when running xfstests - Convert more of mpage to use folios - Remove add_to_page_cache() and add_to_page_cache_locked() - Convert find_get_pages_range() to filemap_get_folios() - Improvements to the read_cache_page() family of functions - Remove a few unnecessary checks of PageError - Some straightforward filesystem conversions to use folios - Split PageMovable users out from address_space_operations into their own movable_operations - Convert aops->migratepage to aops->migrate_folio - Remove nobh support (Christoph Hellwig) * tag 'folio-6.0' of git://git.infradead.org/users/willy/pagecache: (78 commits) fs: remove the NULL get_block case in mpage_writepages fs: don't call ->writepage from __mpage_writepage fs: remove the nobh helpers jfs: stop using the nobh helper ext2: remove nobh support ntfs3: refactor ntfs_writepages mm/folio-compat: Remove migration compatibility functions fs: Remove aops->migratepage() secretmem: Convert to migrate_folio hugetlb: Convert to migrate_folio aio: Convert to migrate_folio f2fs: Convert to filemap_migrate_folio() ubifs: Convert to filemap_migrate_folio() btrfs: Convert btrfs_migratepage to migrate_folio mm/migrate: Add filemap_migrate_folio() mm/migrate: Convert migrate_page() to migrate_folio() nfs: Convert to migrate_folio btrfs: Convert btree_migratepage to migrate_folio mm/migrate: Convert expected_page_refs() to folio_expected_refs() mm/migrate: Convert buffer_migrate_page() to buffer_migrate_folio() ...
2022-08-02Merge tag 'selinux-pr-20220801' of ↵Linus Torvalds1-0/+9
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/pcmoore/selinux Pull selinux updates from Paul Moore: "A relatively small set of patches for SELinux this time, eight patches in total with really only one significant change. The highlights are: - Add support for proper labeling of memfd_secret anonymous inodes. This will allow LSMs that implement the anonymous inode hooks to apply security policy to memfd_secret() fds. - Various small improvements to memory management: fixed leaks, freed memory when needed, boundary checks. - Hardened the selinux_audit_data struct with __randomize_layout. - A minor documentation tweak to fix a formatting/style issue" * tag 'selinux-pr-20220801' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/pcmoore/selinux: selinux: selinux_add_opt() callers free memory selinux: Add boundary check in put_entry() selinux: fix memleak in security_read_state_kernel() docs: selinux: add '=' signs to kernel boot options mm: create security context for memfd_secret inodes selinux: fix typos in comments selinux: drop unnecessary NULL check selinux: add __randomize_layout to selinux_audit_data
2022-08-02secretmem: Convert to migrate_folioMatthew Wilcox (Oracle)1-4/+3
This is little more than changing the types over; there's no real work being done in this function. Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
2022-08-02secretmem: Remove isolate_pageMatthew Wilcox (Oracle)1-6/+0
The isolate_page operation is never called for filesystems, only for device drivers which call SetPageMovable. Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
2022-07-18secretmem: fix unhandled fault in truncateMike Rapoport1-7/+26
syzkaller reports the following issue: BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffff888021f7e005 PGD 11401067 P4D 11401067 PUD 11402067 PMD 21f7d063 PTE 800fffffde081060 Oops: 0002 [#1] PREEMPT SMP KASAN CPU: 0 PID: 3761 Comm: syz-executor281 Not tainted 5.19.0-rc4-syzkaller-00014-g941e3e791269 #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 01/01/2011 RIP: 0010:memset_erms+0x9/0x10 arch/x86/lib/memset_64.S:64 Code: c1 e9 03 40 0f b6 f6 48 b8 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 48 0f af c6 f3 48 ab 89 d1 f3 aa 4c 89 c8 c3 90 49 89 f9 40 88 f0 48 89 d1 <f3> aa 4c 89 c8 c3 90 49 89 fa 40 0f b6 ce 48 b8 01 01 01 01 01 01 RSP: 0018:ffffc9000329fa90 EFLAGS: 00010202 RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000001000 RCX: 0000000000000ffb RDX: 0000000000000ffb RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: ffff888021f7e005 RBP: ffffea000087df80 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: ffff888021f7e005 R10: ffffed10043efdff R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000000005 R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 0000000000001000 R15: 0000000000000ffb FS: 00007fb29d8b2700(0000) GS:ffff8880b9a00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: ffff888021f7e005 CR3: 0000000026e7b000 CR4: 00000000003506f0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 Call Trace: <TASK> zero_user_segments include/linux/highmem.h:272 [inline] folio_zero_range include/linux/highmem.h:428 [inline] truncate_inode_partial_folio+0x76a/0xdf0 mm/truncate.c:237 truncate_inode_pages_range+0x83b/0x1530 mm/truncate.c:381 truncate_inode_pages mm/truncate.c:452 [inline] truncate_pagecache+0x63/0x90 mm/truncate.c:753 simple_setattr+0xed/0x110 fs/libfs.c:535 secretmem_setattr+0xae/0xf0 mm/secretmem.c:170 notify_change+0xb8c/0x12b0 fs/attr.c:424 do_truncate+0x13c/0x200 fs/open.c:65 do_sys_ftruncate+0x536/0x730 fs/open.c:193 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x35/0xb0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x46/0xb0 RIP: 0033:0x7fb29d900899 Code: 28 00 00 00 75 05 48 83 c4 28 c3 e8 11 15 00 00 90 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 b8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007fb29d8b2318 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 000000000000004d RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fb29d988408 RCX: 00007fb29d900899 RDX: 00007fb29d900899 RSI: 0000000000000005 RDI: 0000000000000003 RBP: 00007fb29d988400 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 00007fb29d98840c R13: 00007ffca01a23bf R14: 00007fb29d8b2400 R15: 0000000000022000 </TASK> Modules linked in: CR2: ffff888021f7e005 ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- Eric Biggers suggested that this happens when secretmem_setattr()->simple_setattr() races with secretmem_fault() so that a page that is faulted in by secretmem_fault() (and thus removed from the direct map) is zeroed by inode truncation right afterwards. Use mapping->invalidate_lock to make secretmem_fault() and secretmem_setattr() mutually exclusive. [rppt@linux.ibm.com: v3] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220714091337.412297-1-rppt@kernel.org Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220707165650.248088-1-rppt@kernel.org Reported-by: syzbot+9bd2b7adbd34b30b87e4@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com> Suggested-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com> Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Cc: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org> Cc: Hillf Danton <hdanton@sina.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2022-06-13mm: create security context for memfd_secret inodesChristian Göttsche1-0/+9
Create a security context for the inodes created by memfd_secret(2) via the LSM hook inode_init_security_anon to allow a fine grained control. As secret memory areas can affect hibernation and have a global shared limit access control might be desirable. Signed-off-by: Christian Göttsche <cgzones@googlemail.com> Signed-off-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
2022-05-09secretmem: Convert to free_folioMatthew Wilcox (Oracle)1-4/+4
Prepare for any size of folio, even though secretmem only uses order-0 folios for now. Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
2022-04-15mm/secretmem: fix panic when growing a memfd_secretAxel Rasmussen1-0/+17
When one tries to grow an existing memfd_secret with ftruncate, one gets a panic [1]. For example, doing the following reliably induces the panic: fd = memfd_secret(); ftruncate(fd, 10); ptr = mmap(NULL, 10, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0); strcpy(ptr, "123456789"); munmap(ptr, 10); ftruncate(fd, 20); The basic reason for this is, when we grow with ftruncate, we call down into simple_setattr, and then truncate_inode_pages_range, and eventually we try to zero part of the memory. The normal truncation code does this via the direct map (i.e., it calls page_address() and hands that to memset()). For memfd_secret though, we specifically don't map our pages via the direct map (i.e. we call set_direct_map_invalid_noflush() on every fault). So the address returned by page_address() isn't useful, and when we try to memset() with it we panic. This patch avoids the panic by implementing a custom setattr for memfd_secret, which detects resizes specifically (setting the size for the first time works just fine, since there are no existing pages to try to zero), and rejects them with EINVAL. One could argue growing should be supported, but I think that will require a significantly more lengthy change. So, I propose a minimal fix for the benefit of stable kernels, and then perhaps to extend memfd_secret to support growing in a separate patch. [1]: BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffffa0a889277028 #PF: supervisor write access in kernel mode #PF: error_code(0x0002) - not-present page PGD afa01067 P4D afa01067 PUD 83f909067 PMD 83f8bf067 PTE 800ffffef6d88060 Oops: 0002 [#1] PREEMPT SMP DEBUG_PAGEALLOC PTI CPU: 0 PID: 281 Comm: repro Not tainted 5.17.0-dbg-DEV #1 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.15.0-1 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:memset_erms+0x9/0x10 Code: c1 e9 03 40 0f b6 f6 48 b8 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 48 0f af c6 f3 48 ab 89 d1 f3 aa 4c 89 c8 c3 90 49 89 f9 40 88 f0 48 89 d1 <f3> aa 4c 89 c8 c3 90 49 89 fa 40 0f b6 ce 48 b8 01 01 01 01 01 01 RSP: 0018:ffffb932c09afbf0 EFLAGS: 00010246 RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffffda63c4249dc0 RCX: 0000000000000fd8 RDX: 0000000000000fd8 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: ffffa0a889277028 RBP: ffffb932c09afc00 R08: 0000000000001000 R09: ffffa0a889277028 R10: 0000000000020023 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: ffffda63c4249dc0 R13: ffffa0a890d70d98 R14: 0000000000000028 R15: 0000000000000fd8 FS: 00007f7294899580(0000) GS:ffffa0af9bc00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: ffffa0a889277028 CR3: 0000000107ef6006 CR4: 0000000000370ef0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 Call Trace: ? zero_user_segments+0x82/0x190 truncate_inode_partial_folio+0xd4/0x2a0 truncate_inode_pages_range+0x380/0x830 truncate_setsize+0x63/0x80 simple_setattr+0x37/0x60 notify_change+0x3d8/0x4d0 do_sys_ftruncate+0x162/0x1d0 __x64_sys_ftruncate+0x1c/0x20 do_syscall_64+0x44/0xa0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xae Modules linked in: xhci_pci xhci_hcd virtio_net net_failover failover virtio_blk virtio_balloon uhci_hcd ohci_pci ohci_hcd evdev ehci_pci ehci_hcd 9pnet_virtio 9p netfs 9pnet CR2: ffffa0a889277028 [lkp@intel.com: secretmem_iops can be static] Signed-off-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com> [axelrasmussen@google.com: return EINVAL] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220324210909.1843814-1-axelrasmussen@google.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220412193023.279320-1-axelrasmussen@google.com Signed-off-by: Axel Rasmussen <axelrasmussen@google.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Cc: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2022-03-16fs: Convert __set_page_dirty_no_writeback to noop_dirty_folioMatthew Wilcox (Oracle)1-1/+1
This is a mechanical change. Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Tested-by: Damien Le Moal <damien.lemoal@opensource.wdc.com> Acked-by: Damien Le Moal <damien.lemoal@opensource.wdc.com> Tested-by: Mike Marshall <hubcap@omnibond.com> # orangefs Tested-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> # afs
2021-10-28mm/secretmem: avoid letting secretmem_users drop to zeroKees Cook1-1/+1
Quoting Dmitry: "refcount_inc() needs to be done before fd_install(). After fd_install() finishes, the fd can be used by userspace and we can have secret data in memory before the refcount_inc(). A straightforward misuse where a user will predict the returned fd in another thread before the syscall returns and will use it to store secret data is somewhat dubious because such a user just shoots themself in the foot. But a more interesting misuse would be to close the predicted fd and decrement the refcount before the corresponding refcount_inc, this way one can briefly drop the refcount to zero while there are other users of secretmem." Move fd_install() after refcount_inc(). Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20211021154046.880251-1-keescook@chromium.org Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CACT4Y+b1sW6-Hkn8HQYw_SsT7X3tp-CJNh2ci0wG3ZnQz9jjig@mail.gmail.com Fixes: 9a436f8ff631 ("PM: hibernate: disable when there are active secretmem users") Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Reported-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com> Reviewed-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com> Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Jordy Zomer <jordy@pwning.systems> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2021-10-25secretmem: Prevent secretmem_users from wrapping to zeroMatthew Wilcox (Oracle)1-0/+2
Commit 110860541f44 ("mm/secretmem: use refcount_t instead of atomic_t") attempted to fix the problem of secretmem_users wrapping to zero and allowing suspend once again. But it was reverted in commit 87066fdd2e30 ("Revert 'mm/secretmem: use refcount_t instead of atomic_t'") because of the problems it caused - a refcount_t was not semantically the right type to use. Instead prevent secretmem_users from wrapping to zero by forbidding new users if the number of users has wrapped from positive to negative. This stops a long way short of reaching the necessary 4 billion users where it wraps to zero again, so there's no need to be clever with special anti-wrap types or checking the return value from atomic_inc(). Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Jordy Zomer <jordy@pwning.systems> Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>, Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2021-10-24Revert "mm/secretmem: use refcount_t instead of atomic_t"Linus Torvalds1-5/+4
This reverts commit 110860541f443f950c1274f217a1a3e298670a33. Converting the "secretmem_users" counter to a refcount is incorrect, because a refcount is special in zero and can't just be incremented (but a count of users is not, and "no users" is actually perfectly valid and not a sign of a free'd resource). Reported-by: syzbot+75639e6a0331cd61d3e2@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Cc: Jordy Zomer <jordy@pwning.systems> Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>, Cc: Jordy Zomer <jordy@jordyzomer.github.io> Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2021-09-08mm/secretmem: use refcount_t instead of atomic_tJordy Zomer1-4/+5
When a secret memory region is active, memfd_secret disables hibernation. One of the goals is to keep the secret data from being written to persistent-storage. It accomplishes this by maintaining a reference count to `secretmem_users`. Once this reference is held your system can not be hibernated due to the check in `hibernation_available()`. However, because `secretmem_users` is of type `atomic_t`, reference counter overflows are possible. As you can see there's an `atomic_inc` for each `memfd` that is opened in the `memfd_secret` syscall. If a local attacker succeeds to open 2^32 memfd's, the counter will wrap around to 0. This implies that you may hibernate again, even though there are still regions of this secret memory, thereby bypassing the security check. In an attempt to fix this I have used `refcount_t` instead of `atomic_t` which prevents reference counter overflows. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210820043339.2151352-1-jordy@pwning.systems Signed-off-by: Jordy Zomer <jordy@pwning.systems> Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>, Cc: Jordy Zomer <jordy@jordyzomer.github.io> Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2021-07-23mm/secretmem: wire up ->set_page_dirtyMike Rapoport1-0/+1
Make secretmem up to date with the changes done in commit 0af573780b0b ("mm: require ->set_page_dirty to be explicitly wired up") so that unconditional call to this method won't cause crashes. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210716063933.31633-1-rppt@kernel.org Fixes: 0af573780b0b ("mm: require ->set_page_dirty to be explicitly wired up") Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2021-07-08PM: hibernate: disable when there are active secretmem usersMike Rapoport1-0/+15
It is unsafe to allow saving of secretmem areas to the hibernation snapshot as they would be visible after the resume and this essentially will defeat the purpose of secret memory mappings. Prevent hibernation whenever there are active secret memory users. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210518072034.31572-6-rppt@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com> Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Acked-by: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com> Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: Christopher Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: Elena Reshetova <elena.reshetova@intel.com> Cc: Hagen Paul Pfeifer <hagen@jauu.net> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: James Bottomley <jejb@linux.ibm.com> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name> Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com> Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com> Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmerdabbelt@google.com> Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Rick Edgecombe <rick.p.edgecombe@intel.com> Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com> Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Tycho Andersen <tycho@tycho.ws> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Cc: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2021-07-08mm: introduce memfd_secret system call to create "secret" memory areasMike Rapoport1-0/+239
Introduce "memfd_secret" system call with the ability to create memory areas visible only in the context of the owning process and not mapped not only to other processes but in the kernel page tables as well. The secretmem feature is off by default and the user must explicitly enable it at the boot time. Once secretmem is enabled, the user will be able to create a file descriptor using the memfd_secret() system call. The memory areas created by mmap() calls from this file descriptor will be unmapped from the kernel direct map and they will be only mapped in the page table of the processes that have access to the file descriptor. Secretmem is designed to provide the following protections: * Enhanced protection (in conjunction with all the other in-kernel attack prevention systems) against ROP attacks. Seceretmem makes "simple" ROP insufficient to perform exfiltration, which increases the required complexity of the attack. Along with other protections like the kernel stack size limit and address space layout randomization which make finding gadgets is really hard, absence of any in-kernel primitive for accessing secret memory means the one gadget ROP attack can't work. Since the only way to access secret memory is to reconstruct the missing mapping entry, the attacker has to recover the physical page and insert a PTE pointing to it in the kernel and then retrieve the contents. That takes at least three gadgets which is a level of difficulty beyond most standard attacks. * Prevent cross-process secret userspace memory exposures. Once the secret memory is allocated, the user can't accidentally pass it into the kernel to be transmitted somewhere. The secreremem pages cannot be accessed via the direct map and they are disallowed in GUP. * Harden against exploited kernel flaws. In order to access secretmem, a kernel-side attack would need to either walk the page tables and create new ones, or spawn a new privileged uiserspace process to perform secrets exfiltration using ptrace. The file descriptor based memory has several advantages over the "traditional" mm interfaces, such as mlock(), mprotect(), madvise(). File descriptor approach allows explicit and controlled sharing of the memory areas, it allows to seal the operations. Besides, file descriptor based memory paves the way for VMMs to remove the secret memory range from the userspace hipervisor process, for instance QEMU. Andy Lutomirski says: "Getting fd-backed memory into a guest will take some possibly major work in the kernel, but getting vma-backed memory into a guest without mapping it in the host user address space seems much, much worse." memfd_secret() is made a dedicated system call rather than an extension to memfd_create() because it's purpose is to allow the user to create more secure memory mappings rather than to simply allow file based access to the memory. Nowadays a new system call cost is negligible while it is way simpler for userspace to deal with a clear-cut system calls than with a multiplexer or an overloaded syscall. Moreover, the initial implementation of memfd_secret() is completely distinct from memfd_create() so there is no much sense in overloading memfd_create() to begin with. If there will be a need for code sharing between these implementation it can be easily achieved without a need to adjust user visible APIs. The secret memory remains accessible in the process context using uaccess primitives, but it is not exposed to the kernel otherwise; secret memory areas are removed from the direct map and functions in the follow_page()/get_user_page() family will refuse to return a page that belongs to the secret memory area. Once there will be a use case that will require exposing secretmem to the kernel it will be an opt-in request in the system call flags so that user would have to decide what data can be exposed to the kernel. Removing of the pages from the direct map may cause its fragmentation on architectures that use large pages to map the physical memory which affects the system performance. However, the original Kconfig text for CONFIG_DIRECT_GBPAGES said that gigabyte pages in the direct map "... can improve the kernel's performance a tiny bit ..." (commit 00d1c5e05736 ("x86: add gbpages switches")) and the recent report [1] showed that "... although 1G mappings are a good default choice, there is no compelling evidence that it must be the only choice". Hence, it is sufficient to have secretmem disabled by default with the ability of a system administrator to enable it at boot time. Pages in the secretmem regions are unevictable and unmovable to avoid accidental exposure of the sensitive data via swap or during page migration. Since the secretmem mappings are locked in memory they cannot exceed RLIMIT_MEMLOCK. Since these mappings are already locked independently from mlock(), an attempt to mlock()/munlock() secretmem range would fail and mlockall()/munlockall() will ignore secretmem mappings. However, unlike mlock()ed memory, secretmem currently behaves more like long-term GUP: secretmem mappings are unmovable mappings directly consumed by user space. With default limits, there is no excessive use of secretmem and it poses no real problem in combination with ZONE_MOVABLE/CMA, but in the future this should be addressed to allow balanced use of large amounts of secretmem along with ZONE_MOVABLE/CMA. A page that was a part of the secret memory area is cleared when it is freed to ensure the data is not exposed to the next user of that page. The following example demonstrates creation of a secret mapping (error handling is omitted): fd = memfd_secret(0); ftruncate(fd, MAP_SIZE); ptr = mmap(NULL, MAP_SIZE, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0); [1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/213b4567-46ce-f116-9cdf-bbd0c884eb3c@linux.intel.com/ [akpm@linux-foundation.org: suppress Kconfig whine] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210518072034.31572-5-rppt@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com> Acked-by: Hagen Paul Pfeifer <hagen@jauu.net> Acked-by: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com> Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: Christopher Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Cc: Elena Reshetova <elena.reshetova@intel.com> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: James Bottomley <jejb@linux.ibm.com> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org> Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com> Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com> Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmerdabbelt@google.com> Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Rick Edgecombe <rick.p.edgecombe@intel.com> Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com> Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Tycho Andersen <tycho@tycho.ws> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com> Cc: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>