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Now that smp_read_barrier_depends() is implied by READ_ONCE(), the several
smp_read_barrier_depends() calls may be removed from lib/assoc_array.c.
This commit makes this change and marks the READ_ONCE() calls that head
address dependencies.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Alexander Kuleshov <kuleshovmail@gmail.com>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
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Conflicts:
include/linux/compiler-clang.h
include/linux/compiler-gcc.h
include/linux/compiler-intel.h
include/uapi/linux/stddef.h
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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This fixes CVE-2017-12193.
Fix a case in the assoc_array implementation in which a new leaf is
added that needs to go into a node that happens to be full, where the
existing leaves in that node cluster together at that level to the
exclusion of new leaf.
What needs to happen is that the existing leaves get moved out to a new
node, N1, at level + 1 and the existing node needs replacing with one,
N0, that has pointers to the new leaf and to N1.
The code that tries to do this gets this wrong in two ways:
(1) The pointer that should've pointed from N0 to N1 is set to point
recursively to N0 instead.
(2) The backpointer from N0 needs to be set correctly in the case N0 is
either the root node or reached through a shortcut.
Fix this by removing this path and using the split_node path instead,
which achieves the same end, but in a more general way (thanks to Eric
Biggers for spotting the redundancy).
The problem manifests itself as:
BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 0000000000000010
IP: assoc_array_apply_edit+0x59/0xe5
Fixes: 3cb989501c26 ("Add a generic associative array implementation.")
Reported-and-tested-by: WU Fan <u3536072@connect.hku.hk>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org [v3.13-rc1+]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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to READ_ONCE()/WRITE_ONCE()
Please do not apply this to mainline directly, instead please re-run the
coccinelle script shown below and apply its output.
For several reasons, it is desirable to use {READ,WRITE}_ONCE() in
preference to ACCESS_ONCE(), and new code is expected to use one of the
former. So far, there's been no reason to change most existing uses of
ACCESS_ONCE(), as these aren't harmful, and changing them results in
churn.
However, for some features, the read/write distinction is critical to
correct operation. To distinguish these cases, separate read/write
accessors must be used. This patch migrates (most) remaining
ACCESS_ONCE() instances to {READ,WRITE}_ONCE(), using the following
coccinelle script:
----
// Convert trivial ACCESS_ONCE() uses to equivalent READ_ONCE() and
// WRITE_ONCE()
// $ make coccicheck COCCI=/home/mark/once.cocci SPFLAGS="--include-headers" MODE=patch
virtual patch
@ depends on patch @
expression E1, E2;
@@
- ACCESS_ONCE(E1) = E2
+ WRITE_ONCE(E1, E2)
@ depends on patch @
expression E;
@@
- ACCESS_ONCE(E)
+ READ_ONCE(E)
----
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: davem@davemloft.net
Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org
Cc: mpe@ellerman.id.au
Cc: shuah@kernel.org
Cc: snitzer@redhat.com
Cc: thor.thayer@linux.intel.com
Cc: tj@kernel.org
Cc: viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk
Cc: will.deacon@arm.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1508792849-3115-19-git-send-email-paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Signed-off-by: Alexander Kuleshov <kuleshovmail@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
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Changes since V1: fixed the description and added KASan warning.
In assoc_array_insert_into_terminal_node(), we call the
compare_object() method on all non-empty slots, even when they're
not leaves, passing a pointer to an unexpected structure to
compare_object(). Currently it causes an out-of-bound read access
in keyring_compare_object detected by KASan (see below). The issue
is easily reproduced with keyutils testsuite.
Only call compare_object() when the slot is a leave.
KASan warning:
==================================================================
BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in keyring_compare_object+0x213/0x240 at addr ffff880060a6f838
Read of size 8 by task keyctl/1655
=============================================================================
BUG kmalloc-192 (Not tainted): kasan: bad access detected
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Disabling lock debugging due to kernel taint
INFO: Allocated in assoc_array_insert+0xfd0/0x3a60 age=69 cpu=1 pid=1647
___slab_alloc+0x563/0x5c0
__slab_alloc+0x51/0x90
kmem_cache_alloc_trace+0x263/0x300
assoc_array_insert+0xfd0/0x3a60
__key_link_begin+0xfc/0x270
key_create_or_update+0x459/0xaf0
SyS_add_key+0x1ba/0x350
entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x12/0x76
INFO: Slab 0xffffea0001829b80 objects=16 used=8 fp=0xffff880060a6f550 flags=0x3fff8000004080
INFO: Object 0xffff880060a6f740 @offset=5952 fp=0xffff880060a6e5d1
Bytes b4 ffff880060a6f730: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
Object ffff880060a6f740: d1 e5 a6 60 00 88 ff ff 0e 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ...`............
Object ffff880060a6f750: 02 cf 8e 60 00 88 ff ff 02 c0 8e 60 00 88 ff ff ...`.......`....
Object ffff880060a6f760: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
Object ffff880060a6f770: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
Object ffff880060a6f780: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
Object ffff880060a6f790: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
Object ffff880060a6f7a0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
Object ffff880060a6f7b0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
Object ffff880060a6f7c0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
Object ffff880060a6f7d0: 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
Object ffff880060a6f7e0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
Object ffff880060a6f7f0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
CPU: 0 PID: 1655 Comm: keyctl Tainted: G B 4.5.0-rc4-kasan+ #291
Hardware name: Bochs Bochs, BIOS Bochs 01/01/2011
0000000000000000 000000001b2800b4 ffff880060a179e0 ffffffff81b60491
ffff88006c802900 ffff880060a6f740 ffff880060a17a10 ffffffff815e2969
ffff88006c802900 ffffea0001829b80 ffff880060a6f740 ffff880060a6e650
Call Trace:
[<ffffffff81b60491>] dump_stack+0x85/0xc4
[<ffffffff815e2969>] print_trailer+0xf9/0x150
[<ffffffff815e9454>] object_err+0x34/0x40
[<ffffffff815ebe50>] kasan_report_error+0x230/0x550
[<ffffffff819949be>] ? keyring_get_key_chunk+0x13e/0x210
[<ffffffff815ec62d>] __asan_report_load_n_noabort+0x5d/0x70
[<ffffffff81994cc3>] ? keyring_compare_object+0x213/0x240
[<ffffffff81994cc3>] keyring_compare_object+0x213/0x240
[<ffffffff81bc238c>] assoc_array_insert+0x86c/0x3a60
[<ffffffff81bc1b20>] ? assoc_array_cancel_edit+0x70/0x70
[<ffffffff8199797d>] ? __key_link_begin+0x20d/0x270
[<ffffffff8199786c>] __key_link_begin+0xfc/0x270
[<ffffffff81993389>] key_create_or_update+0x459/0xaf0
[<ffffffff8128ce0d>] ? trace_hardirqs_on+0xd/0x10
[<ffffffff81992f30>] ? key_type_lookup+0xc0/0xc0
[<ffffffff8199e19d>] ? lookup_user_key+0x13d/0xcd0
[<ffffffff81534763>] ? memdup_user+0x53/0x80
[<ffffffff819983ea>] SyS_add_key+0x1ba/0x350
[<ffffffff81998230>] ? key_get_type_from_user.constprop.6+0xa0/0xa0
[<ffffffff828bcf4e>] ? retint_user+0x18/0x23
[<ffffffff8128cc7e>] ? trace_hardirqs_on_caller+0x3fe/0x580
[<ffffffff81004017>] ? trace_hardirqs_on_thunk+0x17/0x19
[<ffffffff828bc432>] entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x12/0x76
Memory state around the buggy address:
ffff880060a6f700: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
ffff880060a6f780: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 fc fc fc fc fc
>ffff880060a6f800: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc
^
ffff880060a6f880: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc
ffff880060a6f900: fc fc fc fc fc fc 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
==================================================================
Signed-off-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
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Include rcupdate.h header to provide call_rcu() definition. This was implicitly
being provided by slab.h file which include srcu.h somewhere in its include
hierarchy which in-turn included rcupdate.h.
Lately, tinification effort added support to remove srcu entirely because of
which we are encountering build errors like
lib/assoc_array.c: In function 'assoc_array_apply_edit':
lib/assoc_array.c:1426:2: error: implicit declaration of function 'call_rcu' [-Werror=implicit-function-declaration]
cc1: some warnings being treated as errors
Fix these by including rcupdate.h explicitly.
Signed-off-by: Pranith Kumar <bobby.prani@gmail.com>
Reported-by: Scott Wood <scottwood@freescale.com>
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This fixes CVE-2014-3631.
It is possible for an associative array to end up with a shortcut node at the
root of the tree if there are more than fan-out leaves in the tree, but they
all crowd into the same slot in the lowest level (ie. they all have the same
first nibble of their index keys).
When assoc_array_gc() returns back up the tree after scanning some leaves, it
can fall off of the root and crash because it assumes that the back pointer
from a shortcut (after label ascend_old_tree) must point to a normal node -
which isn't true of a shortcut node at the root.
Should we find we're ascending rootwards over a shortcut, we should check to
see if the backpointer is zero - and if it is, we have completed the scan.
This particular bug cannot occur if the root node is not a shortcut - ie. if
you have fewer than 17 keys in a keyring or if you have at least two keys that
sit into separate slots (eg. a keyring and a non keyring).
This can be reproduced by:
ring=`keyctl newring bar @s`
for ((i=1; i<=18; i++)); do last_key=`keyctl newring foo$i $ring`; done
keyctl timeout $last_key 2
Doing this:
echo 3 >/proc/sys/kernel/keys/gc_delay
first will speed things up.
If we do fall off of the top of the tree, we get the following oops:
BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 0000000000000018
IP: [<ffffffff8136cea7>] assoc_array_gc+0x2f7/0x540
PGD dae15067 PUD cfc24067 PMD 0
Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP
Modules linked in: xt_nat xt_mark nf_conntrack_netbios_ns nf_conntrack_broadcast ip6t_rpfilter ip6t_REJECT xt_conntrack ebtable_nat ebtable_broute bridge stp llc ebtable_filter ebtables ip6table_ni
CPU: 0 PID: 26011 Comm: kworker/0:1 Not tainted 3.14.9-200.fc20.x86_64 #1
Hardware name: Bochs Bochs, BIOS Bochs 01/01/2011
Workqueue: events key_garbage_collector
task: ffff8800918bd580 ti: ffff8800aac14000 task.ti: ffff8800aac14000
RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff8136cea7>] [<ffffffff8136cea7>] assoc_array_gc+0x2f7/0x540
RSP: 0018:ffff8800aac15d40 EFLAGS: 00010206
RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: ffff8800aaecacc0
RDX: ffff8800daecf440 RSI: 0000000000000001 RDI: ffff8800aadc2bc0
RBP: ffff8800aac15da8 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: 0000000000000003
R10: ffffffff8136ccc7 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 0000000000000070 R15: 0000000000000001
FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff88011fc00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 000000008005003b
CR2: 0000000000000018 CR3: 00000000db10d000 CR4: 00000000000006f0
Stack:
ffff8800aac15d50 0000000000000011 ffff8800aac15db8 ffffffff812e2a70
ffff880091a00600 0000000000000000 ffff8800aadc2bc3 00000000cd42c987
ffff88003702df20 ffff88003702dfa0 0000000053b65c09 ffff8800aac15fd8
Call Trace:
[<ffffffff812e2a70>] ? keyring_detect_cycle_iterator+0x30/0x30
[<ffffffff812e3e75>] keyring_gc+0x75/0x80
[<ffffffff812e1424>] key_garbage_collector+0x154/0x3c0
[<ffffffff810a67b6>] process_one_work+0x176/0x430
[<ffffffff810a744b>] worker_thread+0x11b/0x3a0
[<ffffffff810a7330>] ? rescuer_thread+0x3b0/0x3b0
[<ffffffff810ae1a8>] kthread+0xd8/0xf0
[<ffffffff810ae0d0>] ? insert_kthread_work+0x40/0x40
[<ffffffff816ffb7c>] ret_from_fork+0x7c/0xb0
[<ffffffff810ae0d0>] ? insert_kthread_work+0x40/0x40
Code: 08 4c 8b 22 0f 84 bf 00 00 00 41 83 c7 01 49 83 e4 fc 41 83 ff 0f 4c 89 65 c0 0f 8f 5a fe ff ff 48 8b 45 c0 4d 63 cf 49 83 c1 02 <4e> 8b 34 c8 4d 85 f6 0f 84 be 00 00 00 41 f6 c6 01 0f 84 92
RIP [<ffffffff8136cea7>] assoc_array_gc+0x2f7/0x540
RSP <ffff8800aac15d40>
CR2: 0000000000000018
---[ end trace 1129028a088c0cbd ]---
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <james.l.morris@oracle.com>
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An edit script should be considered inaccessible by a function once it has
called assoc_array_apply_edit() or assoc_array_cancel_edit().
However, assoc_array_gc() is accessing the edit script just after the
gc_complete: label.
Reported-by: Andreea-Cristina Bernat <bernat.ada@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Andreea-Cristina Bernat <bernat.ada@gmail.com>
cc: shemming@brocade.com
cc: paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: James Morris <james.l.morris@oracle.com>
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The associative array code creates unnecessary and potentially
problematic global variable 'status'. Remove it since never used.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <stephen@networkplumber.org>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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If sufficient keys (or keyrings) are added into a keyring such that a node in
the associative array's tree overflows (each node has a capacity N, currently
16) and such that all N+1 keys have the same index key segment for that level
of the tree (the level'th nibble of the index key), then assoc_array_insert()
calls ops->diff_objects() to indicate at which bit position the two index keys
vary.
However, __key_link_begin() passes a NULL object to assoc_array_insert() with
the intention of supplying the correct pointer later before we commit the
change. This means that keyring_diff_objects() is given a NULL pointer as one
of its arguments which it does not expect. This results in an oops like the
attached.
With the previous patch to fix the keyring hash function, this can be forced
much more easily by creating a keyring and only adding keyrings to it. Add any
other sort of key and a different insertion path is taken - all 16+1 objects
must want to cluster in the same node slot.
This can be tested by:
r=`keyctl newring sandbox @s`
for ((i=0; i<=16; i++)); do keyctl newring ring$i $r; done
This should work fine, but oopses when the 17th keyring is added.
Since ops->diff_objects() is always called with the first pointer pointing to
the object to be inserted (ie. the NULL pointer), we can fix the problem by
changing the to-be-inserted object pointer to point to the index key passed
into assoc_array_insert() instead.
Whilst we're at it, we also switch the arguments so that they are the same as
for ->compare_object().
BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 0000000000000088
IP: [<ffffffff81191ee4>] hash_key_type_and_desc+0x18/0xb0
...
RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff81191ee4>] hash_key_type_and_desc+0x18/0xb0
...
Call Trace:
[<ffffffff81191f9d>] keyring_diff_objects+0x21/0xd2
[<ffffffff811f09ef>] assoc_array_insert+0x3b6/0x908
[<ffffffff811929a7>] __key_link_begin+0x78/0xe5
[<ffffffff81191a2e>] key_create_or_update+0x17d/0x36a
[<ffffffff81192e0a>] SyS_add_key+0x123/0x183
[<ffffffff81400ddb>] tracesys+0xdd/0xe2
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Stephen Gallagher <sgallagh@redhat.com>
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Expand the capacity of a keyring to be able to hold a lot more keys by using
the previously added associative array implementation. Currently the maximum
capacity is:
(PAGE_SIZE - sizeof(header)) / sizeof(struct key *)
which, on a 64-bit system, is a little more 500. However, since this is being
used for the NFS uid mapper, we need more than that. The new implementation
gives us effectively unlimited capacity.
With some alterations, the keyutils testsuite runs successfully to completion
after this patch is applied. The alterations are because (a) keyrings that
are simply added to no longer appear ordered and (b) some of the errors have
changed a bit.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
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Add a generic associative array implementation that can be used as the
container for keyrings, thereby massively increasing the capacity available
whilst also speeding up searching in keyrings that contain a lot of keys.
This may also be useful in FS-Cache for tracking cookies.
Documentation is added into Documentation/associative_array.txt
Some of the properties of the implementation are:
(1) Objects are opaque pointers. The implementation does not care where they
point (if anywhere) or what they point to (if anything).
[!] NOTE: Pointers to objects _must_ be zero in the two least significant
bits.
(2) Objects do not need to contain linkage blocks for use by the array. This
permits an object to be located in multiple arrays simultaneously.
Rather, the array is made up of metadata blocks that point to objects.
(3) Objects are labelled as being one of two types (the type is a bool value).
This information is stored in the array, but has no consequence to the
array itself or its algorithms.
(4) Objects require index keys to locate them within the array.
(5) Index keys must be unique. Inserting an object with the same key as one
already in the array will replace the old object.
(6) Index keys can be of any length and can be of different lengths.
(7) Index keys should encode the length early on, before any variation due to
length is seen.
(8) Index keys can include a hash to scatter objects throughout the array.
(9) The array can iterated over. The objects will not necessarily come out in
key order.
(10) The array can be iterated whilst it is being modified, provided the RCU
readlock is being held by the iterator. Note, however, under these
circumstances, some objects may be seen more than once. If this is a
problem, the iterator should lock against modification. Objects will not
be missed, however, unless deleted.
(11) Objects in the array can be looked up by means of their index key.
(12) Objects can be looked up whilst the array is being modified, provided the
RCU readlock is being held by the thread doing the look up.
The implementation uses a tree of 16-pointer nodes internally that are indexed
on each level by nibbles from the index key. To improve memory efficiency,
shortcuts can be emplaced to skip over what would otherwise be a series of
single-occupancy nodes. Further, nodes pack leaf object pointers into spare
space in the node rather than making an extra branch until as such time an
object needs to be added to a full node.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
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