diff options
author | Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> | 2021-02-23 13:39:45 -0800 |
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committer | Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> | 2021-02-23 13:39:45 -0800 |
commit | 7d6beb71da3cc033649d641e1e608713b8220290 (patch) | |
tree | c323553489c3c936321ac4e6c08fd9ef0eadc606 /security/commoncap.c | |
parent | aa8e3291729fd885351af0b077330721d4bf5db9 (diff) | |
parent | f69e8091c4a2ae291e1f55225e8116fef05dc156 (diff) | |
download | linux-7d6beb71da3cc033649d641e1e608713b8220290.tar.bz2 |
Merge tag 'idmapped-mounts-v5.12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/brauner/linux
Pull idmapped mounts from Christian Brauner:
"This introduces idmapped mounts which has been in the making for some
time. Simply put, different mounts can expose the same file or
directory with different ownership. This initial implementation comes
with ports for fat, ext4 and with Christoph's port for xfs with more
filesystems being actively worked on by independent people and
maintainers.
Idmapping mounts handle a wide range of long standing use-cases. Here
are just a few:
- Idmapped mounts make it possible to easily share files between
multiple users or multiple machines especially in complex
scenarios. For example, idmapped mounts will be used in the
implementation of portable home directories in
systemd-homed.service(8) where they allow users to move their home
directory to an external storage device and use it on multiple
computers where they are assigned different uids and gids. This
effectively makes it possible to assign random uids and gids at
login time.
- It is possible to share files from the host with unprivileged
containers without having to change ownership permanently through
chown(2).
- It is possible to idmap a container's rootfs and without having to
mangle every file. For example, Chromebooks use it to share the
user's Download folder with their unprivileged containers in their
Linux subsystem.
- It is possible to share files between containers with
non-overlapping idmappings.
- Filesystem that lack a proper concept of ownership such as fat can
use idmapped mounts to implement discretionary access (DAC)
permission checking.
- They allow users to efficiently changing ownership on a per-mount
basis without having to (recursively) chown(2) all files. In
contrast to chown (2) changing ownership of large sets of files is
instantenous with idmapped mounts. This is especially useful when
ownership of a whole root filesystem of a virtual machine or
container is changed. With idmapped mounts a single syscall
mount_setattr syscall will be sufficient to change the ownership of
all files.
- Idmapped mounts always take the current ownership into account as
idmappings specify what a given uid or gid is supposed to be mapped
to. This contrasts with the chown(2) syscall which cannot by itself
take the current ownership of the files it changes into account. It
simply changes the ownership to the specified uid and gid. This is
especially problematic when recursively chown(2)ing a large set of
files which is commong with the aforementioned portable home
directory and container and vm scenario.
- Idmapped mounts allow to change ownership locally, restricting it
to specific mounts, and temporarily as the ownership changes only
apply as long as the mount exists.
Several userspace projects have either already put up patches and
pull-requests for this feature or will do so should you decide to pull
this:
- systemd: In a wide variety of scenarios but especially right away
in their implementation of portable home directories.
https://systemd.io/HOME_DIRECTORY/
- container runtimes: containerd, runC, LXD:To share data between
host and unprivileged containers, unprivileged and privileged
containers, etc. The pull request for idmapped mounts support in
containerd, the default Kubernetes runtime is already up for quite
a while now: https://github.com/containerd/containerd/pull/4734
- The virtio-fs developers and several users have expressed interest
in using this feature with virtual machines once virtio-fs is
ported.
- ChromeOS: Sharing host-directories with unprivileged containers.
I've tightly synced with all those projects and all of those listed
here have also expressed their need/desire for this feature on the
mailing list. For more info on how people use this there's a bunch of
talks about this too. Here's just two recent ones:
https://www.cncf.io/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Rootless-Containers-in-Gitpod.pdf
https://fosdem.org/2021/schedule/event/containers_idmap/
This comes with an extensive xfstests suite covering both ext4 and
xfs:
https://git.kernel.org/brauner/xfstests-dev/h/idmapped_mounts
It covers truncation, creation, opening, xattrs, vfscaps, setid
execution, setgid inheritance and more both with idmapped and
non-idmapped mounts. It already helped to discover an unrelated xfs
setgid inheritance bug which has since been fixed in mainline. It will
be sent for inclusion with the xfstests project should you decide to
merge this.
In order to support per-mount idmappings vfsmounts are marked with
user namespaces. The idmapping of the user namespace will be used to
map the ids of vfs objects when they are accessed through that mount.
By default all vfsmounts are marked with the initial user namespace.
The initial user namespace is used to indicate that a mount is not
idmapped. All operations behave as before and this is verified in the
testsuite.
Based on prior discussions we want to attach the whole user namespace
and not just a dedicated idmapping struct. This allows us to reuse all
the helpers that already exist for dealing with idmappings instead of
introducing a whole new range of helpers. In addition, if we decide in
the future that we are confident enough to enable unprivileged users
to setup idmapped mounts the permission checking can take into account
whether the caller is privileged in the user namespace the mount is
currently marked with.
The user namespace the mount will be marked with can be specified by
passing a file descriptor refering to the user namespace as an
argument to the new mount_setattr() syscall together with the new
MOUNT_ATTR_IDMAP flag. The system call follows the openat2() pattern
of extensibility.
The following conditions must be met in order to create an idmapped
mount:
- The caller must currently have the CAP_SYS_ADMIN capability in the
user namespace the underlying filesystem has been mounted in.
- The underlying filesystem must support idmapped mounts.
- The mount must not already be idmapped. This also implies that the
idmapping of a mount cannot be altered once it has been idmapped.
- The mount must be a detached/anonymous mount, i.e. it must have
been created by calling open_tree() with the OPEN_TREE_CLONE flag
and it must not already have been visible in the filesystem.
The last two points guarantee easier semantics for userspace and the
kernel and make the implementation significantly simpler.
By default vfsmounts are marked with the initial user namespace and no
behavioral or performance changes are observed.
The manpage with a detailed description can be found here:
https://git.kernel.org/brauner/man-pages/c/1d7b902e2875a1ff342e036a9f866a995640aea8
In order to support idmapped mounts, filesystems need to be changed
and mark themselves with the FS_ALLOW_IDMAP flag in fs_flags. The
patches to convert individual filesystem are not very large or
complicated overall as can be seen from the included fat, ext4, and
xfs ports. Patches for other filesystems are actively worked on and
will be sent out separately. The xfstestsuite can be used to verify
that port has been done correctly.
The mount_setattr() syscall is motivated independent of the idmapped
mounts patches and it's been around since July 2019. One of the most
valuable features of the new mount api is the ability to perform
mounts based on file descriptors only.
Together with the lookup restrictions available in the openat2()
RESOLVE_* flag namespace which we added in v5.6 this is the first time
we are close to hardened and race-free (e.g. symlinks) mounting and
path resolution.
While userspace has started porting to the new mount api to mount
proper filesystems and create new bind-mounts it is currently not
possible to change mount options of an already existing bind mount in
the new mount api since the mount_setattr() syscall is missing.
With the addition of the mount_setattr() syscall we remove this last
restriction and userspace can now fully port to the new mount api,
covering every use-case the old mount api could. We also add the
crucial ability to recursively change mount options for a whole mount
tree, both removing and adding mount options at the same time. This
syscall has been requested multiple times by various people and
projects.
There is a simple tool available at
https://github.com/brauner/mount-idmapped
that allows to create idmapped mounts so people can play with this
patch series. I'll add support for the regular mount binary should you
decide to pull this in the following weeks:
Here's an example to a simple idmapped mount of another user's home
directory:
u1001@f2-vm:/$ sudo ./mount --idmap both:1000:1001:1 /home/ubuntu/ /mnt
u1001@f2-vm:/$ ls -al /home/ubuntu/
total 28
drwxr-xr-x 2 ubuntu ubuntu 4096 Oct 28 22:07 .
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Oct 28 04:00 ..
-rw------- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 3154 Oct 28 22:12 .bash_history
-rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 220 Feb 25 2020 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 3771 Feb 25 2020 .bashrc
-rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 807 Feb 25 2020 .profile
-rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 0 Oct 16 16:11 .sudo_as_admin_successful
-rw------- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 1144 Oct 28 00:43 .viminfo
u1001@f2-vm:/$ ls -al /mnt/
total 28
drwxr-xr-x 2 u1001 u1001 4096 Oct 28 22:07 .
drwxr-xr-x 29 root root 4096 Oct 28 22:01 ..
-rw------- 1 u1001 u1001 3154 Oct 28 22:12 .bash_history
-rw-r--r-- 1 u1001 u1001 220 Feb 25 2020 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r-- 1 u1001 u1001 3771 Feb 25 2020 .bashrc
-rw-r--r-- 1 u1001 u1001 807 Feb 25 2020 .profile
-rw-r--r-- 1 u1001 u1001 0 Oct 16 16:11 .sudo_as_admin_successful
-rw------- 1 u1001 u1001 1144 Oct 28 00:43 .viminfo
u1001@f2-vm:/$ touch /mnt/my-file
u1001@f2-vm:/$ setfacl -m u:1001:rwx /mnt/my-file
u1001@f2-vm:/$ sudo setcap -n 1001 cap_net_raw+ep /mnt/my-file
u1001@f2-vm:/$ ls -al /mnt/my-file
-rw-rwxr--+ 1 u1001 u1001 0 Oct 28 22:14 /mnt/my-file
u1001@f2-vm:/$ ls -al /home/ubuntu/my-file
-rw-rwxr--+ 1 ubuntu ubuntu 0 Oct 28 22:14 /home/ubuntu/my-file
u1001@f2-vm:/$ getfacl /mnt/my-file
getfacl: Removing leading '/' from absolute path names
# file: mnt/my-file
# owner: u1001
# group: u1001
user::rw-
user:u1001:rwx
group::rw-
mask::rwx
other::r--
u1001@f2-vm:/$ getfacl /home/ubuntu/my-file
getfacl: Removing leading '/' from absolute path names
# file: home/ubuntu/my-file
# owner: ubuntu
# group: ubuntu
user::rw-
user:ubuntu:rwx
group::rw-
mask::rwx
other::r--"
* tag 'idmapped-mounts-v5.12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/brauner/linux: (41 commits)
xfs: remove the possibly unused mp variable in xfs_file_compat_ioctl
xfs: support idmapped mounts
ext4: support idmapped mounts
fat: handle idmapped mounts
tests: add mount_setattr() selftests
fs: introduce MOUNT_ATTR_IDMAP
fs: add mount_setattr()
fs: add attr_flags_to_mnt_flags helper
fs: split out functions to hold writers
namespace: only take read lock in do_reconfigure_mnt()
mount: make {lock,unlock}_mount_hash() static
namespace: take lock_mount_hash() directly when changing flags
nfs: do not export idmapped mounts
overlayfs: do not mount on top of idmapped mounts
ecryptfs: do not mount on top of idmapped mounts
ima: handle idmapped mounts
apparmor: handle idmapped mounts
fs: make helpers idmap mount aware
exec: handle idmapped mounts
would_dump: handle idmapped mounts
...
Diffstat (limited to 'security/commoncap.c')
-rw-r--r-- | security/commoncap.c | 108 |
1 files changed, 88 insertions, 20 deletions
diff --git a/security/commoncap.c b/security/commoncap.c index 78598be45f10..28f4d25480df 100644 --- a/security/commoncap.c +++ b/security/commoncap.c @@ -303,17 +303,25 @@ int cap_inode_need_killpriv(struct dentry *dentry) /** * cap_inode_killpriv - Erase the security markings on an inode - * @dentry: The inode/dentry to alter + * + * @mnt_userns: user namespace of the mount the inode was found from + * @dentry: The inode/dentry to alter * * Erase the privilege-enhancing security markings on an inode. * + * If the inode has been found through an idmapped mount the user namespace of + * the vfsmount must be passed through @mnt_userns. This function will then + * take care to map the inode according to @mnt_userns before checking + * permissions. On non-idmapped mounts or if permission checking is to be + * performed on the raw inode simply passs init_user_ns. + * * Returns 0 if successful, -ve on error. */ -int cap_inode_killpriv(struct dentry *dentry) +int cap_inode_killpriv(struct user_namespace *mnt_userns, struct dentry *dentry) { int error; - error = __vfs_removexattr(dentry, XATTR_NAME_CAPS); + error = __vfs_removexattr(mnt_userns, dentry, XATTR_NAME_CAPS); if (error == -EOPNOTSUPP) error = 0; return error; @@ -366,7 +374,8 @@ static bool is_v3header(size_t size, const struct vfs_cap_data *cap) * by the integrity subsystem, which really wants the unconverted values - * so that's good. */ -int cap_inode_getsecurity(struct inode *inode, const char *name, void **buffer, +int cap_inode_getsecurity(struct user_namespace *mnt_userns, + struct inode *inode, const char *name, void **buffer, bool alloc) { int size, ret; @@ -387,8 +396,8 @@ int cap_inode_getsecurity(struct inode *inode, const char *name, void **buffer, return -EINVAL; size = sizeof(struct vfs_ns_cap_data); - ret = (int) vfs_getxattr_alloc(dentry, XATTR_NAME_CAPS, - &tmpbuf, size, GFP_NOFS); + ret = (int)vfs_getxattr_alloc(mnt_userns, dentry, XATTR_NAME_CAPS, + &tmpbuf, size, GFP_NOFS); dput(dentry); if (ret < 0) @@ -408,6 +417,9 @@ int cap_inode_getsecurity(struct inode *inode, const char *name, void **buffer, kroot = make_kuid(fs_ns, root); + /* If this is an idmapped mount shift the kuid. */ + kroot = kuid_into_mnt(mnt_userns, kroot); + /* If the root kuid maps to a valid uid in current ns, then return * this as a nscap. */ mappedroot = from_kuid(current_user_ns(), kroot); @@ -469,16 +481,33 @@ out_free: return size; } +/** + * rootid_from_xattr - translate root uid of vfs caps + * + * @value: vfs caps value which may be modified by this function + * @size: size of @ivalue + * @task_ns: user namespace of the caller + * @mnt_userns: user namespace of the mount the inode was found from + * + * If the inode has been found through an idmapped mount the user namespace of + * the vfsmount must be passed through @mnt_userns. This function will then + * take care to map the inode according to @mnt_userns before checking + * permissions. On non-idmapped mounts or if permission checking is to be + * performed on the raw inode simply passs init_user_ns. + */ static kuid_t rootid_from_xattr(const void *value, size_t size, - struct user_namespace *task_ns) + struct user_namespace *task_ns, + struct user_namespace *mnt_userns) { const struct vfs_ns_cap_data *nscap = value; + kuid_t rootkid; uid_t rootid = 0; if (size == XATTR_CAPS_SZ_3) rootid = le32_to_cpu(nscap->rootid); - return make_kuid(task_ns, rootid); + rootkid = make_kuid(task_ns, rootid); + return kuid_from_mnt(mnt_userns, rootkid); } static bool validheader(size_t size, const struct vfs_cap_data *cap) @@ -486,13 +515,27 @@ static bool validheader(size_t size, const struct vfs_cap_data *cap) return is_v2header(size, cap) || is_v3header(size, cap); } -/* +/** + * cap_convert_nscap - check vfs caps + * + * @mnt_userns: user namespace of the mount the inode was found from + * @dentry: used to retrieve inode to check permissions on + * @ivalue: vfs caps value which may be modified by this function + * @size: size of @ivalue + * * User requested a write of security.capability. If needed, update the * xattr to change from v2 to v3, or to fixup the v3 rootid. * + * If the inode has been found through an idmapped mount the user namespace of + * the vfsmount must be passed through @mnt_userns. This function will then + * take care to map the inode according to @mnt_userns before checking + * permissions. On non-idmapped mounts or if permission checking is to be + * performed on the raw inode simply passs init_user_ns. + * * If all is ok, we return the new size, on error return < 0. */ -int cap_convert_nscap(struct dentry *dentry, const void **ivalue, size_t size) +int cap_convert_nscap(struct user_namespace *mnt_userns, struct dentry *dentry, + const void **ivalue, size_t size) { struct vfs_ns_cap_data *nscap; uid_t nsrootid; @@ -509,14 +552,14 @@ int cap_convert_nscap(struct dentry *dentry, const void **ivalue, size_t size) return -EINVAL; if (!validheader(size, cap)) return -EINVAL; - if (!capable_wrt_inode_uidgid(inode, CAP_SETFCAP)) + if (!capable_wrt_inode_uidgid(mnt_userns, inode, CAP_SETFCAP)) return -EPERM; - if (size == XATTR_CAPS_SZ_2) + if (size == XATTR_CAPS_SZ_2 && (mnt_userns == &init_user_ns)) if (ns_capable(inode->i_sb->s_user_ns, CAP_SETFCAP)) /* user is privileged, just write the v2 */ return size; - rootid = rootid_from_xattr(*ivalue, size, task_ns); + rootid = rootid_from_xattr(*ivalue, size, task_ns, mnt_userns); if (!uid_valid(rootid)) return -EINVAL; @@ -593,10 +636,24 @@ static inline int bprm_caps_from_vfs_caps(struct cpu_vfs_cap_data *caps, return *effective ? ret : 0; } -/* +/** + * get_vfs_caps_from_disk - retrieve vfs caps from disk + * + * @mnt_userns: user namespace of the mount the inode was found from + * @dentry: dentry from which @inode is retrieved + * @cpu_caps: vfs capabilities + * * Extract the on-exec-apply capability sets for an executable file. + * + * If the inode has been found through an idmapped mount the user namespace of + * the vfsmount must be passed through @mnt_userns. This function will then + * take care to map the inode according to @mnt_userns before checking + * permissions. On non-idmapped mounts or if permission checking is to be + * performed on the raw inode simply passs init_user_ns. */ -int get_vfs_caps_from_disk(const struct dentry *dentry, struct cpu_vfs_cap_data *cpu_caps) +int get_vfs_caps_from_disk(struct user_namespace *mnt_userns, + const struct dentry *dentry, + struct cpu_vfs_cap_data *cpu_caps) { struct inode *inode = d_backing_inode(dentry); __u32 magic_etc; @@ -652,6 +709,7 @@ int get_vfs_caps_from_disk(const struct dentry *dentry, struct cpu_vfs_cap_data /* Limit the caps to the mounter of the filesystem * or the more limited uid specified in the xattr. */ + rootkuid = kuid_into_mnt(mnt_userns, rootkuid); if (!rootid_owns_currentns(rootkuid)) return -ENODATA; @@ -697,7 +755,8 @@ static int get_file_caps(struct linux_binprm *bprm, struct file *file, if (!current_in_userns(file->f_path.mnt->mnt_sb->s_user_ns)) return 0; - rc = get_vfs_caps_from_disk(file->f_path.dentry, &vcaps); + rc = get_vfs_caps_from_disk(file_mnt_user_ns(file), + file->f_path.dentry, &vcaps); if (rc < 0) { if (rc == -EINVAL) printk(KERN_NOTICE "Invalid argument reading file caps for %s\n", @@ -962,16 +1021,25 @@ int cap_inode_setxattr(struct dentry *dentry, const char *name, /** * cap_inode_removexattr - Determine whether an xattr may be removed - * @dentry: The inode/dentry being altered - * @name: The name of the xattr to be changed + * + * @mnt_userns: User namespace of the mount the inode was found from + * @dentry: The inode/dentry being altered + * @name: The name of the xattr to be changed * * Determine whether an xattr may be removed from an inode, returning 0 if * permission is granted, -ve if denied. * + * If the inode has been found through an idmapped mount the user namespace of + * the vfsmount must be passed through @mnt_userns. This function will then + * take care to map the inode according to @mnt_userns before checking + * permissions. On non-idmapped mounts or if permission checking is to be + * performed on the raw inode simply passs init_user_ns. + * * This is used to make sure security xattrs don't get removed by those who * aren't privileged to remove them. */ -int cap_inode_removexattr(struct dentry *dentry, const char *name) +int cap_inode_removexattr(struct user_namespace *mnt_userns, + struct dentry *dentry, const char *name) { struct user_namespace *user_ns = dentry->d_sb->s_user_ns; @@ -985,7 +1053,7 @@ int cap_inode_removexattr(struct dentry *dentry, const char *name) struct inode *inode = d_backing_inode(dentry); if (!inode) return -EINVAL; - if (!capable_wrt_inode_uidgid(inode, CAP_SETFCAP)) + if (!capable_wrt_inode_uidgid(mnt_userns, inode, CAP_SETFCAP)) return -EPERM; return 0; } |