tree/tiny rcu: Add debug RCU head objects

Helps finding racy users of call_rcu(), which results in hangs because list
entries are overwritten and/or skipped.

Changelog since v4:
- Bissectability is now OK
- Now generate a WARN_ON_ONCE() for non-initialized rcu_head passed to
  call_rcu(). Statically initialized objects are detected with
  object_is_static().
- Rename rcu_head_init_on_stack to init_rcu_head_on_stack.
- Remove init_rcu_head() completely.

Changelog since v3:
- Include comments from Lai Jiangshan

This new patch version is based on the debugobjects with the newly introduced
"active state" tracker.

Non-initialized entries are all considered as "statically initialized". An
activation fixup (triggered by call_rcu()) takes care of performing the debug
object initialization without issuing any warning. Since we cannot increase the
size of struct rcu_head, I don't see much room to put an identifier for
statically initialized rcu_head structures. So for now, we have to live without
"activation without explicit init" detection. But the main purpose of this debug
option is to detect double-activations (double call_rcu() use of a rcu_head
before the callback is executed), which is correctly addressed here.

This also detects potential internal RCU callback corruption, which would cause
the callbacks to be executed twice.

Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
CC: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
CC: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
CC: akpm@linux-foundation.org
CC: mingo@elte.hu
CC: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com
CC: dipankar@in.ibm.com
CC: josh@joshtriplett.org
CC: dvhltc@us.ibm.com
CC: niv@us.ibm.com
CC: tglx@linutronix.de
CC: peterz@infradead.org
CC: rostedt@goodmis.org
CC: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu
CC: dhowells@redhat.com
CC: eric.dumazet@gmail.com
CC: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>

3 files changed, 164 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/kernel/rcupdate.c b/kernel/rcupdate.c
index 72a8dc9567f5..4d169835fb36 100644
--- a/kernel/rcupdate.c
+++ b/kernel/rcupdate.c
@@ -114,3 +114,163 @@ int rcu_my_thread_group_empty(void)
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rcu_my_thread_group_empty);
 #endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_PROVE_RCU */
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD
+static inline void debug_init_rcu_head(struct rcu_head *head)
+{
+	debug_object_init(head, &rcuhead_debug_descr);
+}
+
+static inline void debug_rcu_head_free(struct rcu_head *head)
+{
+	debug_object_free(head, &rcuhead_debug_descr);
+}
+
+/*
+ * fixup_init is called when:
+ * - an active object is initialized
+ */
+static int rcuhead_fixup_init(void *addr, enum debug_obj_state state)
+{
+	struct rcu_head *head = addr;
+
+	switch (state) {
+	case ODEBUG_STATE_ACTIVE:
+		/*
+		 * Ensure that queued callbacks are all executed.
+		 * If we detect that we are nested in a RCU read-side critical
+		 * section, we should simply fail, otherwise we would deadlock.
+		 */
+		if (rcu_preempt_depth() != 0 || preempt_count() != 0 ||
+		    irqs_disabled()) {
+			WARN_ON(1);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		rcu_barrier();
+		rcu_barrier_sched();
+		rcu_barrier_bh();
+		debug_object_init(head, &rcuhead_debug_descr);
+		return 1;
+	default:
+		return 0;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * fixup_activate is called when:
+ * - an active object is activated
+ * - an unknown object is activated (might be a statically initialized object)
+ * Activation is performed internally by call_rcu().
+ */
+static int rcuhead_fixup_activate(void *addr, enum debug_obj_state state)
+{
+	struct rcu_head *head = addr;
+
+	switch (state) {
+
+	case ODEBUG_STATE_NOTAVAILABLE:
+		/*
+		 * This is not really a fixup. We just make sure that it is
+		 * tracked in the object tracker.
+		 */
+		debug_object_init(head, &rcuhead_debug_descr);
+		debug_object_activate(head, &rcuhead_debug_descr);
+		return 0;
+
+	case ODEBUG_STATE_ACTIVE:
+		/*
+		 * Ensure that queued callbacks are all executed.
+		 * If we detect that we are nested in a RCU read-side critical
+		 * section, we should simply fail, otherwise we would deadlock.
+		 */
+		if (rcu_preempt_depth() != 0 || preempt_count() != 0 ||
+		    irqs_disabled()) {
+			WARN_ON(1);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		rcu_barrier();
+		rcu_barrier_sched();
+		rcu_barrier_bh();
+		debug_object_activate(head, &rcuhead_debug_descr);
+		return 1;
+	default:
+		return 0;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * fixup_free is called when:
+ * - an active object is freed
+ */
+static int rcuhead_fixup_free(void *addr, enum debug_obj_state state)
+{
+	struct rcu_head *head = addr;
+
+	switch (state) {
+	case ODEBUG_STATE_ACTIVE:
+		/*
+		 * Ensure that queued callbacks are all executed.
+		 * If we detect that we are nested in a RCU read-side critical
+		 * section, we should simply fail, otherwise we would deadlock.
+		 */
+#ifndef CONFIG_PREEMPT
+		WARN_ON(1);
+		return 0;
+#else
+		if (rcu_preempt_depth() != 0 || preempt_count() != 0 ||
+		    irqs_disabled()) {
+			WARN_ON(1);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		rcu_barrier();
+		rcu_barrier_sched();
+		rcu_barrier_bh();
+		debug_object_free(head, &rcuhead_debug_descr);
+		return 1;
+#endif
+	default:
+		return 0;
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * init_rcu_head_on_stack() - initialize on-stack rcu_head for debugobjects
+ * @head: pointer to rcu_head structure to be initialized
+ *
+ * This function informs debugobjects of a new rcu_head structure that
+ * has been allocated as an auto variable on the stack.  This function
+ * is not required for rcu_head structures that are statically defined or
+ * that are dynamically allocated on the heap.  This function has no
+ * effect for !CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD kernel builds.
+ */
+void init_rcu_head_on_stack(struct rcu_head *head)
+{
+	debug_object_init_on_stack(head, &rcuhead_debug_descr);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(init_rcu_head_on_stack);
+
+/**
+ * destroy_rcu_head_on_stack() - destroy on-stack rcu_head for debugobjects
+ * @head: pointer to rcu_head structure to be initialized
+ *
+ * This function informs debugobjects that an on-stack rcu_head structure
+ * is about to go out of scope.  As with init_rcu_head_on_stack(), this
+ * function is not required for rcu_head structures that are statically
+ * defined or that are dynamically allocated on the heap.  Also as with
+ * init_rcu_head_on_stack(), this function has no effect for
+ * !CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD kernel builds.
+ */
+void destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(struct rcu_head *head)
+{
+	debug_object_free(head, &rcuhead_debug_descr);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(destroy_rcu_head_on_stack);
+
+struct debug_obj_descr rcuhead_debug_descr = {
+	.name = "rcu_head",
+	.fixup_init = rcuhead_fixup_init,
+	.fixup_activate = rcuhead_fixup_activate,
+	.fixup_free = rcuhead_fixup_free,
+};
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rcuhead_debug_descr);
+#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
diff --git a/kernel/rcutiny.c b/kernel/rcutiny.c
index 38729d3cd236..196ec02f8be0 100644
--- a/kernel/rcutiny.c
+++ b/kernel/rcutiny.c
@@ -169,6 +169,7 @@ static void __rcu_process_callbacks(struct rcu_ctrlblk *rcp)
 	while (list) {
 		next = list->next;
 		prefetch(next);
+		debug_rcu_head_unqueue(list);
 		list->func(list);
 		list = next;
 	}
@@ -211,6 +212,7 @@ static void __call_rcu(struct rcu_head *head,
 {
 	unsigned long flags;
 
+	debug_rcu_head_queue(head);
 	head->func = func;
 	head->next = NULL;
 
diff --git a/kernel/rcutree.c b/kernel/rcutree.c
index d4437345706f..d5bc43976c5a 100644
--- a/kernel/rcutree.c
+++ b/kernel/rcutree.c
@@ -1112,6 +1112,7 @@ static void rcu_do_batch(struct rcu_state *rsp, struct rcu_data *rdp)
 	while (list) {
 		next = list->next;
 		prefetch(next);
+		debug_rcu_head_unqueue(list);
 		list->func(list);
 		list = next;
 		if (++count >= rdp->blimit)
@@ -1388,6 +1389,7 @@ __call_rcu(struct rcu_head *head, void (*func)(struct rcu_head *rcu),
 	unsigned long flags;
 	struct rcu_data *rdp;
 
+	debug_rcu_head_queue(head);
 	head->func = func;
 	head->next = NULL;