Merge branch 'akpm' (patches from Andrew)

Merge yet more updates from Andrew Morton:

 - the rest of ocfs2

 - various hotfixes, mainly MM

 - quite a bit of misc stuff - drivers, fork, exec, signals, etc.

 - printk updates

 - firmware

 - checkpatch

 - nilfs2

 - more kexec stuff than usual

 - rapidio updates

 - w1 things

* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (111 commits)
  ipc: delete "nr_ipc_ns"
  kcov: allow more fine-grained coverage instrumentation
  init/Kconfig: add clarification for out-of-tree modules
  config: add android config fragments
  init/Kconfig: ban CONFIG_LOCALVERSION_AUTO with allmodconfig
  relay: add global mode support for buffer-only channels
  init: allow blacklisting of module_init functions
  w1:omap_hdq: fix regression
  w1: add helper macro module_w1_family
  w1: remove need for ida and use PLATFORM_DEVID_AUTO
  rapidio/switches: add driver for IDT gen3 switches
  powerpc/fsl_rio: apply changes for RIO spec rev 3
  rapidio: modify for rev.3 specification changes
  rapidio: change inbound window size type to u64
  rapidio/idt_gen2: fix locking warning
  rapidio: fix error handling in mbox request/release functions
  rapidio/tsi721_dma: advance queue processing from transfer submit call
  rapidio/tsi721: add messaging mbox selector parameter
  rapidio/tsi721: add PCIe MRRS override parameter
  rapidio/tsi721_dma: add channel mask and queue size parameters
  ...

49 files changed, 760 insertions, 617 deletions

diff --git a/fs/binfmt_elf.c b/fs/binfmt_elf.c
index a7a28110dc80..7f6aff3f72eb 100644
--- a/fs/binfmt_elf.c
+++ b/fs/binfmt_elf.c
@@ -605,28 +605,30 @@ static unsigned long load_elf_interp(struct elfhdr *interp_elf_ex,
 			 * Do the same thing for the memory mapping - between
 			 * elf_bss and last_bss is the bss section.
 			 */
-			k = load_addr + eppnt->p_memsz + eppnt->p_vaddr;
+			k = load_addr + eppnt->p_vaddr + eppnt->p_memsz;
 			if (k > last_bss)
 				last_bss = k;
 		}
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * Now fill out the bss section: first pad the last page from
+	 * the file up to the page boundary, and zero it from elf_bss
+	 * up to the end of the page.
+	 */
+	if (padzero(elf_bss)) {
+		error = -EFAULT;
+		goto out;
+	}
+	/*
+	 * Next, align both the file and mem bss up to the page size,
+	 * since this is where elf_bss was just zeroed up to, and where
+	 * last_bss will end after the vm_brk() below.
+	 */
+	elf_bss = ELF_PAGEALIGN(elf_bss);
+	last_bss = ELF_PAGEALIGN(last_bss);
+	/* Finally, if there is still more bss to allocate, do it. */
 	if (last_bss > elf_bss) {
-		/*
-		 * Now fill out the bss section.  First pad the last page up
-		 * to the page boundary, and then perform a mmap to make sure
-		 * that there are zero-mapped pages up to and including the
-		 * last bss page.
-		 */
-		if (padzero(elf_bss)) {
-			error = -EFAULT;
-			goto out;
-		}
-
-		/* What we have mapped so far */
-		elf_bss = ELF_PAGESTART(elf_bss + ELF_MIN_ALIGN - 1);
-
-		/* Map the last of the bss segment */
 		error = vm_brk(elf_bss, last_bss - elf_bss);
 		if (error)
 			goto out;
diff --git a/fs/binfmt_em86.c b/fs/binfmt_em86.c
index 490538536cb4..dd2d3f0cd55d 100644
--- a/fs/binfmt_em86.c
+++ b/fs/binfmt_em86.c
@@ -24,7 +24,8 @@
 
 static int load_em86(struct linux_binprm *bprm)
 {
-	char *interp, *i_name, *i_arg;
+	const char *i_name, *i_arg;
+	char *interp;
 	struct file * file;
 	int retval;
 	struct elfhdr	elf_ex;
diff --git a/fs/exec.c b/fs/exec.c
index ca239fc86d8d..a1789cd684bf 100644
--- a/fs/exec.c
+++ b/fs/exec.c
@@ -866,7 +866,8 @@ int kernel_read_file(struct file *file, void **buf, loff_t *size,
 		goto out;
 	}
 
-	*buf = vmalloc(i_size);
+	if (id != READING_FIRMWARE_PREALLOC_BUFFER)
+		*buf = vmalloc(i_size);
 	if (!*buf) {
 		ret = -ENOMEM;
 		goto out;
@@ -897,8 +898,10 @@ int kernel_read_file(struct file *file, void **buf, loff_t *size,
 
 out_free:
 	if (ret < 0) {
-		vfree(*buf);
-		*buf = NULL;
+		if (id != READING_FIRMWARE_PREALLOC_BUFFER) {
+			vfree(*buf);
+			*buf = NULL;
+		}
 	}
 
 out:
diff --git a/fs/inode.c b/fs/inode.c
index 9cef4e16aeda..ad445542c285 100644
--- a/fs/inode.c
+++ b/fs/inode.c
@@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(inc_nlink);
 void address_space_init_once(struct address_space *mapping)
 {
 	memset(mapping, 0, sizeof(*mapping));
-	INIT_RADIX_TREE(&mapping->page_tree, GFP_ATOMIC);
+	INIT_RADIX_TREE(&mapping->page_tree, GFP_ATOMIC | __GFP_ACCOUNT);
 	spin_lock_init(&mapping->tree_lock);
 	init_rwsem(&mapping->i_mmap_rwsem);
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mapping->private_list);
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/alloc.c b/fs/nilfs2/alloc.c
index 1a85d94f5b25..2c90e285d7c6 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/alloc.c
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/alloc.c
@@ -622,10 +622,10 @@ void nilfs_palloc_commit_free_entry(struct inode *inode,
 	lock = nilfs_mdt_bgl_lock(inode, group);
 
 	if (!nilfs_clear_bit_atomic(lock, group_offset, bitmap))
-		nilfs_warning(inode->i_sb, __func__,
-			      "entry number %llu already freed: ino=%lu",
-			      (unsigned long long)req->pr_entry_nr,
-			      (unsigned long)inode->i_ino);
+		nilfs_msg(inode->i_sb, KERN_WARNING,
+			  "%s (ino=%lu): entry number %llu already freed",
+			  __func__, inode->i_ino,
+			  (unsigned long long)req->pr_entry_nr);
 	else
 		nilfs_palloc_group_desc_add_entries(desc, lock, 1);
 
@@ -663,10 +663,10 @@ void nilfs_palloc_abort_alloc_entry(struct inode *inode,
 	lock = nilfs_mdt_bgl_lock(inode, group);
 
 	if (!nilfs_clear_bit_atomic(lock, group_offset, bitmap))
-		nilfs_warning(inode->i_sb, __func__,
-			      "entry number %llu already freed: ino=%lu",
-			      (unsigned long long)req->pr_entry_nr,
-			      (unsigned long)inode->i_ino);
+		nilfs_msg(inode->i_sb, KERN_WARNING,
+			  "%s (ino=%lu): entry number %llu already freed",
+			  __func__, inode->i_ino,
+			  (unsigned long long)req->pr_entry_nr);
 	else
 		nilfs_palloc_group_desc_add_entries(desc, lock, 1);
 
@@ -772,10 +772,10 @@ int nilfs_palloc_freev(struct inode *inode, __u64 *entry_nrs, size_t nitems)
 		do {
 			if (!nilfs_clear_bit_atomic(lock, group_offset,
 						    bitmap)) {
-				nilfs_warning(inode->i_sb, __func__,
-					      "entry number %llu already freed: ino=%lu",
-					      (unsigned long long)entry_nrs[j],
-					      (unsigned long)inode->i_ino);
+				nilfs_msg(inode->i_sb, KERN_WARNING,
+					  "%s (ino=%lu): entry number %llu already freed",
+					  __func__, inode->i_ino,
+					  (unsigned long long)entry_nrs[j]);
 			} else {
 				n++;
 			}
@@ -816,12 +816,11 @@ int nilfs_palloc_freev(struct inode *inode, __u64 *entry_nrs, size_t nitems)
 		for (k = 0; k < nempties; k++) {
 			ret = nilfs_palloc_delete_entry_block(inode,
 							      last_nrs[k]);
-			if (ret && ret != -ENOENT) {
-				nilfs_warning(inode->i_sb, __func__,
-					      "failed to delete block of entry %llu: ino=%lu, err=%d",
-					      (unsigned long long)last_nrs[k],
-					      (unsigned long)inode->i_ino, ret);
-			}
+			if (ret && ret != -ENOENT)
+				nilfs_msg(inode->i_sb, KERN_WARNING,
+					  "error %d deleting block that object (entry=%llu, ino=%lu) belongs to",
+					  ret, (unsigned long long)last_nrs[k],
+					  inode->i_ino);
 		}
 
 		desc_kaddr = kmap_atomic(desc_bh->b_page);
@@ -835,12 +834,10 @@ int nilfs_palloc_freev(struct inode *inode, __u64 *entry_nrs, size_t nitems)
 
 		if (nfree == nilfs_palloc_entries_per_group(inode)) {
 			ret = nilfs_palloc_delete_bitmap_block(inode, group);
-			if (ret && ret != -ENOENT) {
-				nilfs_warning(inode->i_sb, __func__,
-					      "failed to delete bitmap block of group %lu: ino=%lu, err=%d",
-					      group,
-					      (unsigned long)inode->i_ino, ret);
-			}
+			if (ret && ret != -ENOENT)
+				nilfs_msg(inode->i_sb, KERN_WARNING,
+					  "error %d deleting bitmap block of group=%lu, ino=%lu",
+					  ret, group, inode->i_ino);
 		}
 	}
 	return 0;
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/bmap.c b/fs/nilfs2/bmap.c
index f2a7877e0c8c..01fb1831ca25 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/bmap.c
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/bmap.c
@@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ static int nilfs_bmap_convert_error(struct nilfs_bmap *bmap,
 	struct inode *inode = bmap->b_inode;
 
 	if (err == -EINVAL) {
-		nilfs_error(inode->i_sb, fname,
-			    "broken bmap (inode number=%lu)", inode->i_ino);
+		__nilfs_error(inode->i_sb, fname,
+			      "broken bmap (inode number=%lu)", inode->i_ino);
 		err = -EIO;
 	}
 	return err;
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/bmap.h b/fs/nilfs2/bmap.h
index b6a4c8f93ac8..2b6ffbe5997a 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/bmap.h
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/bmap.h
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 #include <linux/types.h>
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
-#include <linux/nilfs2_fs.h>
+#include <linux/nilfs2_ondisk.h>	/* nilfs_binfo, nilfs_inode, etc */
 #include "alloc.h"
 #include "dat.h"
 
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/btnode.c b/fs/nilfs2/btnode.c
index 4cca998ec7a0..d5c23da43513 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/btnode.c
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/btnode.c
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ nilfs_btnode_create_block(struct address_space *btnc, __u64 blocknr)
 	struct inode *inode = NILFS_BTNC_I(btnc);
 	struct buffer_head *bh;
 
-	bh = nilfs_grab_buffer(inode, btnc, blocknr, 1 << BH_NILFS_Node);
+	bh = nilfs_grab_buffer(inode, btnc, blocknr, BIT(BH_NILFS_Node));
 	if (unlikely(!bh))
 		return NULL;
 
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ int nilfs_btnode_submit_block(struct address_space *btnc, __u64 blocknr,
 	struct page *page;
 	int err;
 
-	bh = nilfs_grab_buffer(inode, btnc, blocknr, 1 << BH_NILFS_Node);
+	bh = nilfs_grab_buffer(inode, btnc, blocknr, BIT(BH_NILFS_Node));
 	if (unlikely(!bh))
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/btree.c b/fs/nilfs2/btree.c
index 982d1e3df3a5..2e315f9f2e51 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/btree.c
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/btree.c
@@ -339,12 +339,14 @@ static int nilfs_btree_node_lookup(const struct nilfs_btree_node *node,
  * nilfs_btree_node_broken - verify consistency of btree node
  * @node: btree node block to be examined
  * @size: node size (in bytes)
+ * @inode: host inode of btree
  * @blocknr: block number
  *
  * Return Value: If node is broken, 1 is returned. Otherwise, 0 is returned.
  */
 static int nilfs_btree_node_broken(const struct nilfs_btree_node *node,
-				   size_t size, sector_t blocknr)
+				   size_t size, struct inode *inode,
+				   sector_t blocknr)
 {
 	int level, flags, nchildren;
 	int ret = 0;
@@ -358,9 +360,10 @@ static int nilfs_btree_node_broken(const struct nilfs_btree_node *node,
 		     (flags & NILFS_BTREE_NODE_ROOT) ||
 		     nchildren < 0 ||
 		     nchildren > NILFS_BTREE_NODE_NCHILDREN_MAX(size))) {
-		printk(KERN_CRIT "NILFS: bad btree node (blocknr=%llu): "
-		       "level = %d, flags = 0x%x, nchildren = %d\n",
-		       (unsigned long long)blocknr, level, flags, nchildren);
+		nilfs_msg(inode->i_sb, KERN_CRIT,
+			  "bad btree node (ino=%lu, blocknr=%llu): level = %d, flags = 0x%x, nchildren = %d",
+			  inode->i_ino, (unsigned long long)blocknr, level,
+			  flags, nchildren);
 		ret = 1;
 	}
 	return ret;
@@ -369,12 +372,12 @@ static int nilfs_btree_node_broken(const struct nilfs_btree_node *node,
 /**
  * nilfs_btree_root_broken - verify consistency of btree root node
  * @node: btree root node to be examined
- * @ino: inode number
+ * @inode: host inode of btree
  *
  * Return Value: If node is broken, 1 is returned. Otherwise, 0 is returned.
  */
 static int nilfs_btree_root_broken(const struct nilfs_btree_node *node,
-				   unsigned long ino)
+				   struct inode *inode)
 {
 	int level, flags, nchildren;
 	int ret = 0;
@@ -387,8 +390,9 @@ static int nilfs_btree_root_broken(const struct nilfs_btree_node *node,
 		     level >= NILFS_BTREE_LEVEL_MAX ||
 		     nchildren < 0 ||
 		     nchildren > NILFS_BTREE_ROOT_NCHILDREN_MAX)) {
-		pr_crit("NILFS: bad btree root (inode number=%lu): level = %d, flags = 0x%x, nchildren = %d\n",
-			ino, level, flags, nchildren);
+		nilfs_msg(inode->i_sb, KERN_CRIT,
+			  "bad btree root (ino=%lu): level = %d, flags = 0x%x, nchildren = %d",
+			  inode->i_ino, level, flags, nchildren);
 		ret = 1;
 	}
 	return ret;
@@ -396,13 +400,15 @@ static int nilfs_btree_root_broken(const struct nilfs_btree_node *node,
 
 int nilfs_btree_broken_node_block(struct buffer_head *bh)
 {
+	struct inode *inode;
 	int ret;
 
 	if (buffer_nilfs_checked(bh))
 		return 0;
 
+	inode = bh->b_page->mapping->host;
 	ret = nilfs_btree_node_broken((struct nilfs_btree_node *)bh->b_data,
-				       bh->b_size, bh->b_blocknr);
+				      bh->b_size, inode, bh->b_blocknr);
 	if (likely(!ret))
 		set_buffer_nilfs_checked(bh);
 	return ret;
@@ -448,13 +454,15 @@ nilfs_btree_get_node(const struct nilfs_bmap *btree,
 	return node;
 }
 
-static int
-nilfs_btree_bad_node(struct nilfs_btree_node *node, int level)
+static int nilfs_btree_bad_node(const struct nilfs_bmap *btree,
+				struct nilfs_btree_node *node, int level)
 {
 	if (unlikely(nilfs_btree_node_get_level(node) != level)) {
 		dump_stack();
-		printk(KERN_CRIT "NILFS: btree level mismatch: %d != %d\n",
-		       nilfs_btree_node_get_level(node), level);
+		nilfs_msg(btree->b_inode->i_sb, KERN_CRIT,
+			  "btree level mismatch (ino=%lu): %d != %d",
+			  btree->b_inode->i_ino,
+			  nilfs_btree_node_get_level(node), level);
 		return 1;
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -509,6 +517,9 @@ static int __nilfs_btree_get_block(const struct nilfs_bmap *btree, __u64 ptr,
 
  out_no_wait:
 	if (!buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
+		nilfs_msg(btree->b_inode->i_sb, KERN_ERR,
+			  "I/O error reading b-tree node block (ino=%lu, blocknr=%llu)",
+			  btree->b_inode->i_ino, (unsigned long long)ptr);
 		brelse(bh);
 		return -EIO;
 	}
@@ -568,7 +579,7 @@ static int nilfs_btree_do_lookup(const struct nilfs_bmap *btree,
 			return ret;
 
 		node = nilfs_btree_get_nonroot_node(path, level);
-		if (nilfs_btree_bad_node(node, level))
+		if (nilfs_btree_bad_node(btree, node, level))
 			return -EINVAL;
 		if (!found)
 			found = nilfs_btree_node_lookup(node, key, &index);
@@ -616,7 +627,7 @@ static int nilfs_btree_do_lookup_last(const struct nilfs_bmap *btree,
 		if (ret < 0)
 			return ret;
 		node = nilfs_btree_get_nonroot_node(path, level);
-		if (nilfs_btree_bad_node(node, level))
+		if (nilfs_btree_bad_node(btree, node, level))
 			return -EINVAL;
 		index = nilfs_btree_node_get_nchildren(node) - 1;
 		ptr = nilfs_btree_node_get_ptr(node, index, ncmax);
@@ -2072,8 +2083,10 @@ static int nilfs_btree_propagate(struct nilfs_bmap *btree,
 	ret = nilfs_btree_do_lookup(btree, path, key, NULL, level + 1, 0);
 	if (ret < 0) {
 		if (unlikely(ret == -ENOENT))
-			printk(KERN_CRIT "%s: key = %llu, level == %d\n",
-			       __func__, (unsigned long long)key, level);
+			nilfs_msg(btree->b_inode->i_sb, KERN_CRIT,
+				  "writing node/leaf block does not appear in b-tree (ino=%lu) at key=%llu, level=%d",
+				  btree->b_inode->i_ino,
+				  (unsigned long long)key, level);
 		goto out;
 	}
 
@@ -2110,12 +2123,11 @@ static void nilfs_btree_add_dirty_buffer(struct nilfs_bmap *btree,
 	if (level < NILFS_BTREE_LEVEL_NODE_MIN ||
 	    level >= NILFS_BTREE_LEVEL_MAX) {
 		dump_stack();
-		printk(KERN_WARNING
-		       "%s: invalid btree level: %d (key=%llu, ino=%lu, "
-		       "blocknr=%llu)\n",
-		       __func__, level, (unsigned long long)key,
-		       NILFS_BMAP_I(btree)->vfs_inode.i_ino,
-		       (unsigned long long)bh->b_blocknr);
+		nilfs_msg(btree->b_inode->i_sb, KERN_WARNING,
+			  "invalid btree level: %d (key=%llu, ino=%lu, blocknr=%llu)",
+			  level, (unsigned long long)key,
+			  btree->b_inode->i_ino,
+			  (unsigned long long)bh->b_blocknr);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -2394,8 +2406,7 @@ int nilfs_btree_init(struct nilfs_bmap *bmap)
 
 	__nilfs_btree_init(bmap);
 
-	if (nilfs_btree_root_broken(nilfs_btree_get_root(bmap),
-				    bmap->b_inode->i_ino))
+	if (nilfs_btree_root_broken(nilfs_btree_get_root(bmap), bmap->b_inode))
 		ret = -EIO;
 	return ret;
 }
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/btree.h b/fs/nilfs2/btree.h
index df1a25faa83b..2184e47fa4bf 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/btree.h
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/btree.h
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 #include <linux/types.h>
 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
 #include <linux/list.h>
-#include <linux/nilfs2_fs.h>
+#include <linux/nilfs2_ondisk.h>	/* nilfs_btree_node */
 #include "btnode.h"
 #include "bmap.h"
 
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/cpfile.c b/fs/nilfs2/cpfile.c
index 8a3d3b65af3f..a15a1601e931 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/cpfile.c
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/cpfile.c
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
 #include <linux/string.h>
 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
 #include <linux/errno.h>
-#include <linux/nilfs2_fs.h>
 #include "mdt.h"
 #include "cpfile.h"
 
@@ -332,9 +331,9 @@ int nilfs_cpfile_delete_checkpoints(struct inode *cpfile,
 	int ret, ncps, nicps, nss, count, i;
 
 	if (unlikely(start == 0 || start > end)) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: invalid range of checkpoint numbers: "
-		       "[%llu, %llu)\n", __func__,
-		       (unsigned long long)start, (unsigned long long)end);
+		nilfs_msg(cpfile->i_sb, KERN_ERR,
+			  "cannot delete checkpoints: invalid range [%llu, %llu)",
+			  (unsigned long long)start, (unsigned long long)end);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
@@ -386,9 +385,9 @@ int nilfs_cpfile_delete_checkpoints(struct inode *cpfile,
 								   cpfile, cno);
 					if (ret == 0)
 						continue;
-					printk(KERN_ERR
-					       "%s: cannot delete block\n",
-					       __func__);
+					nilfs_msg(cpfile->i_sb, KERN_ERR,
+						  "error %d deleting checkpoint block",
+						  ret);
 					break;
 				}
 			}
@@ -991,14 +990,12 @@ int nilfs_cpfile_read(struct super_block *sb, size_t cpsize,
 	int err;
 
 	if (cpsize > sb->s_blocksize) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR
-		       "NILFS: too large checkpoint size: %zu bytes.\n",
-		       cpsize);
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+			  "too large checkpoint size: %zu bytes", cpsize);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	} else if (cpsize < NILFS_MIN_CHECKPOINT_SIZE) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR
-		       "NILFS: too small checkpoint size: %zu bytes.\n",
-		       cpsize);
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+			  "too small checkpoint size: %zu bytes", cpsize);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/cpfile.h b/fs/nilfs2/cpfile.h
index 0249744ae234..6eca972f9673 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/cpfile.h
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/cpfile.h
@@ -21,7 +21,8 @@
 
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
-#include <linux/nilfs2_fs.h>
+#include <linux/nilfs2_api.h>		/* nilfs_cpstat */
+#include <linux/nilfs2_ondisk.h>	/* nilfs_inode, nilfs_checkpoint */
 
 
 int nilfs_cpfile_get_checkpoint(struct inode *, __u64, int,
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/dat.c b/fs/nilfs2/dat.c
index 7367610ea807..dffedb2f8817 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/dat.c
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/dat.c
@@ -349,10 +349,11 @@ int nilfs_dat_move(struct inode *dat, __u64 vblocknr, sector_t blocknr)
 	kaddr = kmap_atomic(entry_bh->b_page);
 	entry = nilfs_palloc_block_get_entry(dat, vblocknr, entry_bh, kaddr);
 	if (unlikely(entry->de_blocknr == cpu_to_le64(0))) {
-		printk(KERN_CRIT "%s: vbn = %llu, [%llu, %llu)\n", __func__,
-		       (unsigned long long)vblocknr,
-		       (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(entry->de_start),
-		       (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(entry->de_end));
+		nilfs_msg(dat->i_sb, KERN_CRIT,
+			  "%s: invalid vblocknr = %llu, [%llu, %llu)",
+			  __func__, (unsigned long long)vblocknr,
+			  (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(entry->de_start),
+			  (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(entry->de_end));
 		kunmap_atomic(kaddr);
 		brelse(entry_bh);
 		return -EINVAL;
@@ -479,14 +480,12 @@ int nilfs_dat_read(struct super_block *sb, size_t entry_size,
 	int err;
 
 	if (entry_size > sb->s_blocksize) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR
-		       "NILFS: too large DAT entry size: %zu bytes.\n",
-		       entry_size);
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "too large DAT entry size: %zu bytes",
+			  entry_size);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	} else if (entry_size < NILFS_MIN_DAT_ENTRY_SIZE) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR
-		       "NILFS: too small DAT entry size: %zu bytes.\n",
-		       entry_size);
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "too small DAT entry size: %zu bytes",
+			  entry_size);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/dat.h b/fs/nilfs2/dat.h
index abbfdabcabea..57dc6cf466d0 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/dat.h
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/dat.h
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 #include <linux/types.h>
 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
 #include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/nilfs2_ondisk.h>	/* nilfs_inode, nilfs_checkpoint */
 
 
 struct nilfs_palloc_req;
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/dir.c b/fs/nilfs2/dir.c
index e506f4f7120a..908ebbf0ac7e 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/dir.c
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/dir.c
@@ -42,6 +42,28 @@
 #include "nilfs.h"
 #include "page.h"
 
+static inline unsigned int nilfs_rec_len_from_disk(__le16 dlen)
+{
+	unsigned int len = le16_to_cpu(dlen);
+
+#if (PAGE_SIZE >= 65536)
+	if (len == NILFS_MAX_REC_LEN)
+		return 1 << 16;
+#endif
+	return len;
+}
+
+static inline __le16 nilfs_rec_len_to_disk(unsigned int len)
+{
+#if (PAGE_SIZE >= 65536)
+	if (len == (1 << 16))
+		return cpu_to_le16(NILFS_MAX_REC_LEN);
+
+	BUG_ON(len > (1 << 16));
+#endif
+	return cpu_to_le16(len);
+}
+
 /*
  * nilfs uses block-sized chunks. Arguably, sector-sized ones would be
  * more robust, but we have what we have
@@ -140,10 +162,9 @@ out:
 	/* Too bad, we had an error */
 
 Ebadsize:
-	nilfs_error(sb, "nilfs_check_page",
+	nilfs_error(sb,
 		    "size of directory #%lu is not a multiple of chunk size",
-		    dir->i_ino
-	);
+		    dir->i_ino);
 	goto fail;
 Eshort:
 	error = "rec_len is smaller than minimal";
@@ -157,19 +178,18 @@ Enamelen:
 Espan:
 	error = "directory entry across blocks";
 bad_entry:
-	nilfs_error(sb, "nilfs_check_page", "bad entry in directory #%lu: %s - "
-		    "offset=%lu, inode=%lu, rec_len=%d, name_len=%d",
-		    dir->i_ino, error, (page->index<<PAGE_SHIFT)+offs,
-		    (unsigned long) le64_to_cpu(p->inode),
+	nilfs_error(sb,
+		    "bad entry in directory #%lu: %s - offset=%lu, inode=%lu, rec_len=%d, name_len=%d",
+		    dir->i_ino, error, (page->index << PAGE_SHIFT) + offs,
+		    (unsigned long)le64_to_cpu(p->inode),
 		    rec_len, p->name_len);
 	goto fail;
 Eend:
 	p = (struct nilfs_dir_entry *)(kaddr + offs);
-	nilfs_error(sb, "nilfs_check_page",
-		    "entry in directory #%lu spans the page boundary"
-		    "offset=%lu, inode=%lu",
-		    dir->i_ino, (page->index<<PAGE_SHIFT)+offs,
-		    (unsigned long) le64_to_cpu(p->inode));
+	nilfs_error(sb,
+		    "entry in directory #%lu spans the page boundary offset=%lu, inode=%lu",
+		    dir->i_ino, (page->index << PAGE_SHIFT) + offs,
+		    (unsigned long)le64_to_cpu(p->inode));
 fail:
 	SetPageError(page);
 	return false;
@@ -267,8 +287,7 @@ static int nilfs_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
 		struct page *page = nilfs_get_page(inode, n);
 
 		if (IS_ERR(page)) {
-			nilfs_error(sb, __func__, "bad page in #%lu",
-				    inode->i_ino);
+			nilfs_error(sb, "bad page in #%lu", inode->i_ino);
 			ctx->pos += PAGE_SIZE - offset;
 			return -EIO;
 		}
@@ -278,8 +297,7 @@ static int nilfs_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
 			NILFS_DIR_REC_LEN(1);
 		for ( ; (char *)de <= limit; de = nilfs_next_entry(de)) {
 			if (de->rec_len == 0) {
-				nilfs_error(sb, __func__,
-					    "zero-length directory entry");
+				nilfs_error(sb, "zero-length directory entry");
 				nilfs_put_page(page);
 				return -EIO;
 			}
@@ -345,7 +363,7 @@ nilfs_find_entry(struct inode *dir, const struct qstr *qstr,
 			kaddr += nilfs_last_byte(dir, n) - reclen;
 			while ((char *) de <= kaddr) {
 				if (de->rec_len == 0) {
-					nilfs_error(dir->i_sb, __func__,
+					nilfs_error(dir->i_sb,
 						"zero-length directory entry");
 					nilfs_put_page(page);
 					goto out;
@@ -360,7 +378,7 @@ nilfs_find_entry(struct inode *dir, const struct qstr *qstr,
 			n = 0;
 		/* next page is past the blocks we've got */
 		if (unlikely(n > (dir->i_blocks >> (PAGE_SHIFT - 9)))) {
-			nilfs_error(dir->i_sb, __func__,
+			nilfs_error(dir->i_sb,
 			       "dir %lu size %lld exceeds block count %llu",
 			       dir->i_ino, dir->i_size,
 			       (unsigned long long)dir->i_blocks);
@@ -469,7 +487,7 @@ int nilfs_add_link(struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *inode)
 				goto got_it;
 			}
 			if (de->rec_len == 0) {
-				nilfs_error(dir->i_sb, __func__,
+				nilfs_error(dir->i_sb,
 					    "zero-length directory entry");
 				err = -EIO;
 				goto out_unlock;
@@ -541,7 +559,7 @@ int nilfs_delete_entry(struct nilfs_dir_entry *dir, struct page *page)
 
 	while ((char *)de < (char *)dir) {
 		if (de->rec_len == 0) {
-			nilfs_error(inode->i_sb, __func__,
+			nilfs_error(inode->i_sb,
 				    "zero-length directory entry");
 			err = -EIO;
 			goto out;
@@ -628,7 +646,7 @@ int nilfs_empty_dir(struct inode *inode)
 
 		while ((char *)de <= kaddr) {
 			if (de->rec_len == 0) {
-				nilfs_error(inode->i_sb, __func__,
+				nilfs_error(inode->i_sb,
 					    "zero-length directory entry (kaddr=%p, de=%p)",
 					    kaddr, de);
 				goto not_empty;
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/direct.c b/fs/nilfs2/direct.c
index 251a44928405..96e3ed0d9652 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/direct.c
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/direct.c
@@ -337,14 +337,16 @@ static int nilfs_direct_assign(struct nilfs_bmap *bmap,
 
 	key = nilfs_bmap_data_get_key(bmap, *bh);
 	if (unlikely(key > NILFS_DIRECT_KEY_MAX)) {
-		printk(KERN_CRIT "%s: invalid key: %llu\n", __func__,
-		       (unsigned long long)key);
+		nilfs_msg(bmap->b_inode->i_sb, KERN_CRIT,
+			  "%s (ino=%lu): invalid key: %llu", __func__,
+			  bmap->b_inode->i_ino, (unsigned long long)key);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 	ptr = nilfs_direct_get_ptr(bmap, key);
 	if (unlikely(ptr == NILFS_BMAP_INVALID_PTR)) {
-		printk(KERN_CRIT "%s: invalid pointer: %llu\n", __func__,
-		       (unsigned long long)ptr);
+		nilfs_msg(bmap->b_inode->i_sb, KERN_CRIT,
+			  "%s (ino=%lu): invalid pointer: %llu", __func__,
+			  bmap->b_inode->i_ino, (unsigned long long)ptr);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/direct.h b/fs/nilfs2/direct.h
index 3015a6e78724..cfe85e848bba 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/direct.h
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/direct.h
@@ -24,16 +24,6 @@
 #include "bmap.h"
 
 
-/**
- * struct nilfs_direct_node - direct node
- * @dn_flags: flags
- * @dn_pad: padding
- */
-struct nilfs_direct_node {
-	__u8 dn_flags;
-	__u8 pad[7];
-};
-
 #define NILFS_DIRECT_NBLOCKS	(NILFS_BMAP_SIZE / sizeof(__le64) - 1)
 #define NILFS_DIRECT_KEY_MIN	0
 #define NILFS_DIRECT_KEY_MAX	(NILFS_DIRECT_NBLOCKS - 1)
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/gcinode.c b/fs/nilfs2/gcinode.c
index e9148f94d696..853a831dcde0 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/gcinode.c
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/gcinode.c
@@ -148,8 +148,15 @@ int nilfs_gccache_submit_read_node(struct inode *inode, sector_t pbn,
 int nilfs_gccache_wait_and_mark_dirty(struct buffer_head *bh)
 {
 	wait_on_buffer(bh);
-	if (!buffer_uptodate(bh))
+	if (!buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
+		struct inode *inode = bh->b_page->mapping->host;
+
+		nilfs_msg(inode->i_sb, KERN_ERR,
+			  "I/O error reading %s block for GC (ino=%lu, vblocknr=%llu)",
+			  buffer_nilfs_node(bh) ? "node" : "data",
+			  inode->i_ino, (unsigned long long)bh->b_blocknr);
 		return -EIO;
+	}
 	if (buffer_dirty(bh))
 		return -EEXIST;
 
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/ifile.c b/fs/nilfs2/ifile.c
index 1d2b1805327a..b8fa45c20c63 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/ifile.c
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/ifile.c
@@ -145,15 +145,14 @@ int nilfs_ifile_get_inode_block(struct inode *ifile, ino_t ino,
 	int err;
 
 	if (unlikely(!NILFS_VALID_INODE(sb, ino))) {
-		nilfs_error(sb, __func__, "bad inode number: %lu",
-			    (unsigned long) ino);
+		nilfs_error(sb, "bad inode number: %lu", (unsigned long)ino);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
 	err = nilfs_palloc_get_entry_block(ifile, ino, 0, out_bh);
 	if (unlikely(err))
-		nilfs_warning(sb, __func__, "unable to read inode: %lu",
-			      (unsigned long) ino);
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING, "error %d reading inode: ino=%lu",
+			  err, (unsigned long)ino);
 	return err;
 }
 
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/ifile.h b/fs/nilfs2/ifile.h
index 23ad2f091e76..188b94fe0ec5 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/ifile.h
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/ifile.h
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@
 
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
-#include <linux/nilfs2_fs.h>
 #include "mdt.h"
 #include "alloc.h"
 
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/inode.c b/fs/nilfs2/inode.c
index a0ebdb17e912..af04f553d7c9 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/inode.c
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/inode.c
@@ -112,13 +112,10 @@ int nilfs_get_block(struct inode *inode, sector_t blkoff,
 				 * However, the page having this block must
 				 * be locked in this case.
 				 */
-				printk(KERN_WARNING
-				       "nilfs_get_block: a race condition "
-				       "while inserting a data block. "
-				       "(inode number=%lu, file block "
-				       "offset=%llu)\n",
-				       inode->i_ino,
-				       (unsigned long long)blkoff);
+				nilfs_msg(inode->i_sb, KERN_WARNING,
+					  "%s (ino=%lu): a race condition while inserting a data block at offset=%llu",
+					  __func__, inode->i_ino,
+					  (unsigned long long)blkoff);
 				err = 0;
 			}
 			nilfs_transaction_abort(inode->i_sb);
@@ -359,7 +356,7 @@ struct inode *nilfs_new_inode(struct inode *dir, umode_t mode)
 
 	root = NILFS_I(dir)->i_root;
 	ii = NILFS_I(inode);
-	ii->i_state = 1 << NILFS_I_NEW;
+	ii->i_state = BIT(NILFS_I_NEW);
 	ii->i_root = root;
 
 	err = nilfs_ifile_create_inode(root->ifile, &ino, &ii->i_bh);
@@ -558,7 +555,7 @@ static int nilfs_iget_set(struct inode *inode, void *opaque)
 
 	inode->i_ino = args->ino;
 	if (args->for_gc) {
-		NILFS_I(inode)->i_state = 1 << NILFS_I_GCINODE;
+		NILFS_I(inode)->i_state = BIT(NILFS_I_GCINODE);
 		NILFS_I(inode)->i_cno = args->cno;
 		NILFS_I(inode)->i_root = NULL;
 	} else {
@@ -726,9 +723,9 @@ repeat:
 		goto repeat;
 
 failed:
-	nilfs_warning(ii->vfs_inode.i_sb, __func__,
-		      "failed to truncate bmap (ino=%lu, err=%d)",
-		      ii->vfs_inode.i_ino, ret);
+	nilfs_msg(ii->vfs_inode.i_sb, KERN_WARNING,
+		  "error %d truncating bmap (ino=%lu)", ret,
+		  ii->vfs_inode.i_ino);
 }
 
 void nilfs_truncate(struct inode *inode)
@@ -939,9 +936,9 @@ int nilfs_set_file_dirty(struct inode *inode, unsigned int nr_dirty)
 			 * This will happen when somebody is freeing
 			 * this inode.
 			 */
-			nilfs_warning(inode->i_sb, __func__,
-				      "cannot get inode (ino=%lu)",
-				      inode->i_ino);
+			nilfs_msg(inode->i_sb, KERN_WARNING,
+				  "cannot set file dirty (ino=%lu): the file is being freed",
+				  inode->i_ino);
 			spin_unlock(&nilfs->ns_inode_lock);
 			return -EINVAL; /*
 					 * NILFS_I_DIRTY may remain for
@@ -962,8 +959,9 @@ int __nilfs_mark_inode_dirty(struct inode *inode, int flags)
 
 	err = nilfs_load_inode_block(inode, &ibh);
 	if (unlikely(err)) {
-		nilfs_warning(inode->i_sb, __func__,
-			      "failed to reget inode block.");
+		nilfs_msg(inode->i_sb, KERN_WARNING,
+			  "cannot mark inode dirty (ino=%lu): error %d loading inode block",
+			  inode->i_ino, err);
 		return err;
 	}
 	nilfs_update_inode(inode, ibh, flags);
@@ -989,8 +987,8 @@ void nilfs_dirty_inode(struct inode *inode, int flags)
 	struct nilfs_mdt_info *mdi = NILFS_MDT(inode);
 
 	if (is_bad_inode(inode)) {
-		nilfs_warning(inode->i_sb, __func__,
-			      "tried to mark bad_inode dirty. ignored.");
+		nilfs_msg(inode->i_sb, KERN_WARNING,
+			  "tried to mark bad_inode dirty. ignored.");
 		dump_stack();
 		return;
 	}
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/ioctl.c b/fs/nilfs2/ioctl.c
index 358b57e2cdf9..f1d7989459fd 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/ioctl.c
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/ioctl.c
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@
 #include <linux/compat.h>	/* compat_ptr() */
 #include <linux/mount.h>	/* mnt_want_write_file(), mnt_drop_write_file() */
 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
-#include <linux/nilfs2_fs.h>
 #include "nilfs.h"
 #include "segment.h"
 #include "bmap.h"
@@ -584,27 +583,25 @@ static int nilfs_ioctl_move_inode_block(struct inode *inode,
 
 	if (unlikely(ret < 0)) {
 		if (ret == -ENOENT)
-			printk(KERN_CRIT
-			       "%s: invalid virtual block address (%s): "
-			       "ino=%llu, cno=%llu, offset=%llu, "
-			       "blocknr=%llu, vblocknr=%llu\n",
-			       __func__, vdesc->vd_flags ? "node" : "data",
-			       (unsigned long long)vdesc->vd_ino,
-			       (unsigned long long)vdesc->vd_cno,
-			       (unsigned long long)vdesc->vd_offset,
-			       (unsigned long long)vdesc->vd_blocknr,
-			       (unsigned long long)vdesc->vd_vblocknr);
+			nilfs_msg(inode->i_sb, KERN_CRIT,
+				  "%s: invalid virtual block address (%s): ino=%llu, cno=%llu, offset=%llu, blocknr=%llu, vblocknr=%llu",
+				  __func__, vdesc->vd_flags ? "node" : "data",
+				  (unsigned long long)vdesc->vd_ino,
+				  (unsigned long long)vdesc->vd_cno,
+				  (unsigned long long)vdesc->vd_offset,
+				  (unsigned long long)vdesc->vd_blocknr,
+				  (unsigned long long)vdesc->vd_vblocknr);
 		return ret;
 	}
 	if (unlikely(!list_empty(&bh->b_assoc_buffers))) {
-		printk(KERN_CRIT "%s: conflicting %s buffer: ino=%llu, "
-		       "cno=%llu, offset=%llu, blocknr=%llu, vblocknr=%llu\n",
-		       __func__, vdesc->vd_flags ? "node" : "data",
-		       (unsigned long long)vdesc->vd_ino,
-		       (unsigned long long)vdesc->vd_cno,
-		       (unsigned long long)vdesc->vd_offset,
-		       (unsigned long long)vdesc->vd_blocknr,
-		       (unsigned long long)vdesc->vd_vblocknr);
+		nilfs_msg(inode->i_sb, KERN_CRIT,
+			  "%s: conflicting %s buffer: ino=%llu, cno=%llu, offset=%llu, blocknr=%llu, vblocknr=%llu",
+			  __func__, vdesc->vd_flags ? "node" : "data",
+			  (unsigned long long)vdesc->vd_ino,
+			  (unsigned long long)vdesc->vd_cno,
+			  (unsigned long long)vdesc->vd_offset,
+			  (unsigned long long)vdesc->vd_blocknr,
+			  (unsigned long long)vdesc->vd_vblocknr);
 		brelse(bh);
 		return -EEXIST;
 	}
@@ -854,8 +851,8 @@ int nilfs_ioctl_prepare_clean_segments(struct the_nilfs *nilfs,
 	return 0;
 
  failed:
-	printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: GC failed during preparation: %s: err=%d\n",
-	       msg, ret);
+	nilfs_msg(nilfs->ns_sb, KERN_ERR, "error %d preparing GC: %s", ret,
+		  msg);
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -963,10 +960,11 @@ static int nilfs_ioctl_clean_segments(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp,
 	}
 
 	ret = nilfs_ioctl_move_blocks(inode->i_sb, &argv[0], kbufs[0]);
-	if (ret < 0)
-		printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: GC failed during preparation: "
-			"cannot read source blocks: err=%d\n", ret);
-	else {
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		nilfs_msg(inode->i_sb, KERN_ERR,
+			  "error %d preparing GC: cannot read source blocks",
+			  ret);
+	} else {
 		if (nilfs_sb_need_update(nilfs))
 			set_nilfs_discontinued(nilfs);
 		ret = nilfs_clean_segments(inode->i_sb, argv, kbufs);
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/mdt.c b/fs/nilfs2/mdt.c
index 0d7b71fbeff8..d56d3a5bea88 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/mdt.c
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/mdt.c
@@ -207,8 +207,12 @@ static int nilfs_mdt_read_block(struct inode *inode, unsigned long block,
 
  out_no_wait:
 	err = -EIO;
-	if (!buffer_uptodate(first_bh))
+	if (!buffer_uptodate(first_bh)) {
+		nilfs_msg(inode->i_sb, KERN_ERR,
+			  "I/O error reading meta-data file (ino=%lu, block-offset=%lu)",
+			  inode->i_ino, block);
 		goto failed_bh;
+	}
  out:
 	*out_bh = first_bh;
 	return 0;
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/namei.c b/fs/nilfs2/namei.c
index 1ec8ae5995a5..dbcf1dc93a51 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/namei.c
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/namei.c
@@ -283,9 +283,9 @@ static int nilfs_do_unlink(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry)
 		goto out;
 
 	if (!inode->i_nlink) {
-		nilfs_warning(inode->i_sb, __func__,
-			      "deleting nonexistent file (%lu), %d",
-			      inode->i_ino, inode->i_nlink);
+		nilfs_msg(inode->i_sb, KERN_WARNING,
+			  "deleting nonexistent file (ino=%lu), %d",
+			  inode->i_ino, inode->i_nlink);
 		set_nlink(inode, 1);
 	}
 	err = nilfs_delete_entry(de, page);
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/nilfs.h b/fs/nilfs2/nilfs.h
index b1d48bc0532d..33f8c8fc96e8 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/nilfs.h
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/nilfs.h
@@ -23,7 +23,8 @@
 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
-#include <linux/nilfs2_fs.h>
+#include <linux/nilfs2_api.h>
+#include <linux/nilfs2_ondisk.h>
 #include "the_nilfs.h"
 #include "bmap.h"
 
@@ -119,20 +120,19 @@ enum {
 /*
  * Macros to check inode numbers
  */
-#define NILFS_MDT_INO_BITS   \
-	((unsigned int)(1 << NILFS_DAT_INO | 1 << NILFS_CPFILE_INO |	\
-			1 << NILFS_SUFILE_INO | 1 << NILFS_IFILE_INO |	\
-			1 << NILFS_ATIME_INO | 1 << NILFS_SKETCH_INO))
+#define NILFS_MDT_INO_BITS						\
+	(BIT(NILFS_DAT_INO) | BIT(NILFS_CPFILE_INO) |			\
+	 BIT(NILFS_SUFILE_INO) | BIT(NILFS_IFILE_INO) |			\
+	 BIT(NILFS_ATIME_INO) | BIT(NILFS_SKETCH_INO))
 
-#define NILFS_SYS_INO_BITS   \
-	((unsigned int)(1 << NILFS_ROOT_INO) | NILFS_MDT_INO_BITS)
+#define NILFS_SYS_INO_BITS (BIT(NILFS_ROOT_INO) | NILFS_MDT_INO_BITS)
 
 #define NILFS_FIRST_INO(sb) (((struct the_nilfs *)sb->s_fs_info)->ns_first_ino)
 
 #define NILFS_MDT_INODE(sb, ino) \
-	((ino) < NILFS_FIRST_INO(sb) && (NILFS_MDT_INO_BITS & (1 << (ino))))
+	((ino) < NILFS_FIRST_INO(sb) && (NILFS_MDT_INO_BITS & BIT(ino)))
 #define NILFS_VALID_INODE(sb, ino) \
-	((ino) >= NILFS_FIRST_INO(sb) || (NILFS_SYS_INO_BITS & (1 << (ino))))
+	((ino) >= NILFS_FIRST_INO(sb) || (NILFS_SYS_INO_BITS & BIT(ino)))
 
 /**
  * struct nilfs_transaction_info: context information for synchronization
@@ -299,10 +299,36 @@ static inline int nilfs_mark_inode_dirty_sync(struct inode *inode)
 /* super.c */
 extern struct inode *nilfs_alloc_inode(struct super_block *);
 extern void nilfs_destroy_inode(struct inode *);
+
 extern __printf(3, 4)
-void nilfs_error(struct super_block *, const char *, const char *, ...);
+void __nilfs_msg(struct super_block *sb, const char *level,
+		 const char *fmt, ...);
 extern __printf(3, 4)
-void nilfs_warning(struct super_block *, const char *, const char *, ...);
+void __nilfs_error(struct super_block *sb, const char *function,
+		   const char *fmt, ...);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PRINTK
+
+#define nilfs_msg(sb, level, fmt, ...)					\
+	__nilfs_msg(sb, level, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
+#define nilfs_error(sb, fmt, ...)					\
+	__nilfs_error(sb, __func__, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
+
+#else
+
+#define nilfs_msg(sb, level, fmt, ...)					\
+	do {								\
+		no_printk(fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__);				\
+		(void)(sb);						\
+	} while (0)
+#define nilfs_error(sb, fmt, ...)					\
+	do {								\
+		no_printk(fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__);				\
+		__nilfs_error(sb, "", " ");				\
+	} while (0)
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_PRINTK */
+
 extern struct nilfs_super_block *
 nilfs_read_super_block(struct super_block *, u64, int, struct buffer_head **);
 extern int nilfs_store_magic_and_option(struct super_block *,
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/page.c b/fs/nilfs2/page.c
index d97ba5f11b77..f11a3ad2df0c 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/page.c
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/page.c
@@ -30,9 +30,9 @@
 #include "mdt.h"
 
 
-#define NILFS_BUFFER_INHERENT_BITS  \
-	((1UL << BH_Uptodate) | (1UL << BH_Mapped) | (1UL << BH_NILFS_Node) | \
-	 (1UL << BH_NILFS_Volatile) | (1UL << BH_NILFS_Checked))
+#define NILFS_BUFFER_INHERENT_BITS					\
+	(BIT(BH_Uptodate) | BIT(BH_Mapped) | BIT(BH_NILFS_Node) |	\
+	 BIT(BH_NILFS_Volatile) | BIT(BH_NILFS_Checked))
 
 static struct buffer_head *
 __nilfs_get_page_block(struct page *page, unsigned long block, pgoff_t index,
@@ -85,9 +85,9 @@ void nilfs_forget_buffer(struct buffer_head *bh)
 {
 	struct page *page = bh->b_page;
 	const unsigned long clear_bits =
-		(1 << BH_Uptodate | 1 << BH_Dirty | 1 << BH_Mapped |
-		 1 << BH_Async_Write | 1 << BH_NILFS_Volatile |
-		 1 << BH_NILFS_Checked | 1 << BH_NILFS_Redirected);
+		(BIT(BH_Uptodate) | BIT(BH_Dirty) | BIT(BH_Mapped) |
+		 BIT(BH_Async_Write) | BIT(BH_NILFS_Volatile) |
+		 BIT(BH_NILFS_Checked) | BIT(BH_NILFS_Redirected));
 
 	lock_buffer(bh);
 	set_mask_bits(&bh->b_state, clear_bits, 0);
@@ -124,17 +124,17 @@ void nilfs_copy_buffer(struct buffer_head *dbh, struct buffer_head *sbh)
 	dbh->b_bdev = sbh->b_bdev;
 
 	bh = dbh;
-	bits = sbh->b_state & ((1UL << BH_Uptodate) | (1UL << BH_Mapped));
+	bits = sbh->b_state & (BIT(BH_Uptodate) | BIT(BH_Mapped));
 	while ((bh = bh->b_this_page) != dbh) {
 		lock_buffer(bh);
 		bits &= bh->b_state;
 		unlock_buffer(bh);
 	}
-	if (bits & (1UL << BH_Uptodate))
+	if (bits & BIT(BH_Uptodate))
 		SetPageUptodate(dpage);
 	else
 		ClearPageUptodate(dpage);
-	if (bits & (1UL << BH_Mapped))
+	if (bits & BIT(BH_Mapped))
 		SetPageMappedToDisk(dpage);
 	else
 		ClearPageMappedToDisk(dpage);
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ static void nilfs_copy_page(struct page *dst, struct page *src, int copy_dirty)
 		create_empty_buffers(dst, sbh->b_size, 0);
 
 	if (copy_dirty)
-		mask |= (1UL << BH_Dirty);
+		mask |= BIT(BH_Dirty);
 
 	dbh = dbufs = page_buffers(dst);
 	do {
@@ -403,11 +403,10 @@ void nilfs_clear_dirty_page(struct page *page, bool silent)
 
 	BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page));
 
-	if (!silent) {
-		nilfs_warning(sb, __func__,
-				"discard page: offset %lld, ino %lu",
-				page_offset(page), inode->i_ino);
-	}
+	if (!silent)
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING,
+			  "discard dirty page: offset=%lld, ino=%lu",
+			  page_offset(page), inode->i_ino);
 
 	ClearPageUptodate(page);
 	ClearPageMappedToDisk(page);
@@ -415,18 +414,18 @@ void nilfs_clear_dirty_page(struct page *page, bool silent)
 	if (page_has_buffers(page)) {
 		struct buffer_head *bh, *head;
 		const unsigned long clear_bits =
-			(1 << BH_Uptodate | 1 << BH_Dirty | 1 << BH_Mapped |
-			 1 << BH_Async_Write | 1 << BH_NILFS_Volatile |
-			 1 << BH_NILFS_Checked | 1 << BH_NILFS_Redirected);
+			(BIT(BH_Uptodate) | BIT(BH_Dirty) | BIT(BH_Mapped) |
+			 BIT(BH_Async_Write) | BIT(BH_NILFS_Volatile) |
+			 BIT(BH_NILFS_Checked) | BIT(BH_NILFS_Redirected));
 
 		bh = head = page_buffers(page);
 		do {
 			lock_buffer(bh);
-			if (!silent) {
-				nilfs_warning(sb, __func__,
-					"discard block %llu, size %zu",
-					(u64)bh->b_blocknr, bh->b_size);
-			}
+			if (!silent)
+				nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING,
+					  "discard dirty block: blocknr=%llu, size=%zu",
+					  (u64)bh->b_blocknr, bh->b_size);
+
 			set_mask_bits(&bh->b_state, clear_bits, 0);
 			unlock_buffer(bh);
 		} while (bh = bh->b_this_page, bh != head);
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/recovery.c b/fs/nilfs2/recovery.c
index d893dc912b62..5139efed1888 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/recovery.c
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/recovery.c
@@ -54,38 +54,37 @@ struct nilfs_recovery_block {
 };
 
 
-static int nilfs_warn_segment_error(int err)
+static int nilfs_warn_segment_error(struct super_block *sb, int err)
 {
+	const char *msg = NULL;
+
 	switch (err) {
 	case NILFS_SEG_FAIL_IO:
-		printk(KERN_WARNING
-		       "NILFS warning: I/O error on loading last segment\n");
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "I/O error reading segment");
 		return -EIO;
 	case NILFS_SEG_FAIL_MAGIC:
-		printk(KERN_WARNING
-		       "NILFS warning: Segment magic number invalid\n");
+		msg = "Magic number mismatch";
 		break;
 	case NILFS_SEG_FAIL_SEQ:
-		printk(KERN_WARNING
-		       "NILFS warning: Sequence number mismatch\n");
+		msg = "Sequence number mismatch";
 		break;
 	case NILFS_SEG_FAIL_CHECKSUM_SUPER_ROOT:
-		printk(KERN_WARNING
-		       "NILFS warning: Checksum error in super root\n");
+		msg = "Checksum error in super root";
 		break;
 	case NILFS_SEG_FAIL_CHECKSUM_FULL:
-		printk(KERN_WARNING
-		       "NILFS warning: Checksum error in segment payload\n");
+		msg = "Checksum error in segment payload";
 		break;
 	case NILFS_SEG_FAIL_CONSISTENCY:
-		printk(KERN_WARNING
-		       "NILFS warning: Inconsistent segment\n");
+		msg = "Inconsistency found";
 		break;
 	case NILFS_SEG_NO_SUPER_ROOT:
-		printk(KERN_WARNING
-		       "NILFS warning: No super root in the last segment\n");
+		msg = "No super root in the last segment";
 		break;
+	default:
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "unrecognized segment error %d", err);
+		return -EINVAL;
 	}
+	nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING, "invalid segment: %s", msg);
 	return -EINVAL;
 }
 
@@ -178,7 +177,7 @@ int nilfs_read_super_root_block(struct the_nilfs *nilfs, sector_t sr_block,
 	brelse(bh_sr);
 
  failed:
-	return nilfs_warn_segment_error(ret);
+	return nilfs_warn_segment_error(nilfs->ns_sb, ret);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -553,11 +552,10 @@ static int nilfs_recover_dsync_blocks(struct the_nilfs *nilfs,
 		put_page(page);
 
  failed_inode:
-		printk(KERN_WARNING
-		       "NILFS warning: error recovering data block "
-		       "(err=%d, ino=%lu, block-offset=%llu)\n",
-		       err, (unsigned long)rb->ino,
-		       (unsigned long long)rb->blkoff);
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING,
+			  "error %d recovering data block (ino=%lu, block-offset=%llu)",
+			  err, (unsigned long)rb->ino,
+			  (unsigned long long)rb->blkoff);
 		if (!err2)
 			err2 = err;
  next:
@@ -680,8 +678,8 @@ static int nilfs_do_roll_forward(struct the_nilfs *nilfs,
 	}
 
 	if (nsalvaged_blocks) {
-		printk(KERN_INFO "NILFS (device %s): salvaged %lu blocks\n",
-		       sb->s_id, nsalvaged_blocks);
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_INFO, "salvaged %lu blocks",
+			  nsalvaged_blocks);
 		ri->ri_need_recovery = NILFS_RECOVERY_ROLLFORWARD_DONE;
 	}
  out:
@@ -692,10 +690,9 @@ static int nilfs_do_roll_forward(struct the_nilfs *nilfs,
  confused:
 	err = -EINVAL;
  failed:
-	printk(KERN_ERR
-	       "NILFS (device %s): Error roll-forwarding "
-	       "(err=%d, pseg block=%llu). ",
-	       sb->s_id, err, (unsigned long long)pseg_start);
+	nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+		  "error %d roll-forwarding partial segment at blocknr = %llu",
+		  err, (unsigned long long)pseg_start);
 	goto out;
 }
 
@@ -715,9 +712,8 @@ static void nilfs_finish_roll_forward(struct the_nilfs *nilfs,
 	set_buffer_dirty(bh);
 	err = sync_dirty_buffer(bh);
 	if (unlikely(err))
-		printk(KERN_WARNING
-		       "NILFS warning: buffer sync write failed during "
-		       "post-cleaning of recovery.\n");
+		nilfs_msg(nilfs->ns_sb, KERN_WARNING,
+			  "buffer sync write failed during post-cleaning of recovery.");
 	brelse(bh);
 }
 
@@ -752,8 +748,8 @@ int nilfs_salvage_orphan_logs(struct the_nilfs *nilfs,
 
 	err = nilfs_attach_checkpoint(sb, ri->ri_cno, true, &root);
 	if (unlikely(err)) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR
-		       "NILFS: error loading the latest checkpoint.\n");
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+			  "error %d loading the latest checkpoint", err);
 		return err;
 	}
 
@@ -764,8 +760,9 @@ int nilfs_salvage_orphan_logs(struct the_nilfs *nilfs,
 	if (ri->ri_need_recovery == NILFS_RECOVERY_ROLLFORWARD_DONE) {
 		err = nilfs_prepare_segment_for_recovery(nilfs, sb, ri);
 		if (unlikely(err)) {
-			printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: Error preparing segments for "
-			       "recovery.\n");
+			nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+				  "error %d preparing segment for recovery",
+				  err);
 			goto failed;
 		}
 
@@ -778,8 +775,9 @@ int nilfs_salvage_orphan_logs(struct the_nilfs *nilfs,
 		nilfs_detach_log_writer(sb);
 
 		if (unlikely(err)) {
-			printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: Oops! recovery failed. "
-			       "(err=%d)\n", err);
+			nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+				  "error %d writing segment for recovery",
+				  err);
 			goto failed;
 		}
 
@@ -961,5 +959,5 @@ int nilfs_search_super_root(struct the_nilfs *nilfs,
  failed:
 	brelse(bh_sum);
 	nilfs_dispose_segment_list(&segments);
-	return (ret < 0) ? ret : nilfs_warn_segment_error(ret);
+	return ret < 0 ? ret : nilfs_warn_segment_error(nilfs->ns_sb, ret);
 }
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/segbuf.c b/fs/nilfs2/segbuf.c
index a962d7d83447..6f87b2ac1aeb 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/segbuf.c
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/segbuf.c
@@ -514,7 +514,11 @@ static int nilfs_segbuf_wait(struct nilfs_segment_buffer *segbuf)
 	} while (--segbuf->sb_nbio > 0);
 
 	if (unlikely(atomic_read(&segbuf->sb_err) > 0)) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: IO error writing segment\n");
+		nilfs_msg(segbuf->sb_super, KERN_ERR,
+			  "I/O error writing log (start-blocknr=%llu, block-count=%lu) in segment %llu",
+			  (unsigned long long)segbuf->sb_pseg_start,
+			  segbuf->sb_sum.nblocks,
+			  (unsigned long long)segbuf->sb_segnum);
 		err = -EIO;
 	}
 	return err;
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/segment.c b/fs/nilfs2/segment.c
index e78b68a81aec..bedcae2c28e6 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/segment.c
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/segment.c
@@ -150,7 +150,8 @@ static void nilfs_dispose_list(struct the_nilfs *, struct list_head *, int);
 #define nilfs_cnt32_lt(a, b)  nilfs_cnt32_gt(b, a)
 #define nilfs_cnt32_le(a, b)  nilfs_cnt32_ge(b, a)
 
-static int nilfs_prepare_segment_lock(struct nilfs_transaction_info *ti)
+static int nilfs_prepare_segment_lock(struct super_block *sb,
+				      struct nilfs_transaction_info *ti)
 {
 	struct nilfs_transaction_info *cur_ti = current->journal_info;
 	void *save = NULL;
@@ -164,8 +165,7 @@ static int nilfs_prepare_segment_lock(struct nilfs_transaction_info *ti)
 		 * it is saved and will be restored on
 		 * nilfs_transaction_commit().
 		 */
-		printk(KERN_WARNING
-		       "NILFS warning: journal info from a different FS\n");
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING, "journal info from a different FS");
 		save = current->journal_info;
 	}
 	if (!ti) {
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ int nilfs_transaction_begin(struct super_block *sb,
 			    int vacancy_check)
 {
 	struct the_nilfs *nilfs;
-	int ret = nilfs_prepare_segment_lock(ti);
+	int ret = nilfs_prepare_segment_lock(sb, ti);
 	struct nilfs_transaction_info *trace_ti;
 
 	if (unlikely(ret < 0))
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ static void nilfs_transaction_lock(struct super_block *sb,
 		nilfs_segctor_do_immediate_flush(sci);
 
 		up_write(&nilfs->ns_segctor_sem);
-		yield();
+		cond_resched();
 	}
 	if (gcflag)
 		ti->ti_flags |= NILFS_TI_GC;
@@ -1858,11 +1858,11 @@ static void nilfs_segctor_complete_write(struct nilfs_sc_info *sci)
 		 */
 		list_for_each_entry(bh, &segbuf->sb_payload_buffers,
 				    b_assoc_buffers) {
-			const unsigned long set_bits = (1 << BH_Uptodate);
+			const unsigned long set_bits = BIT(BH_Uptodate);
 			const unsigned long clear_bits =
-				(1 << BH_Dirty | 1 << BH_Async_Write |
-				 1 << BH_Delay | 1 << BH_NILFS_Volatile |
-				 1 << BH_NILFS_Redirected);
+				(BIT(BH_Dirty) | BIT(BH_Async_Write) |
+				 BIT(BH_Delay) | BIT(BH_NILFS_Volatile) |
+				 BIT(BH_NILFS_Redirected));
 
 			set_mask_bits(&bh->b_state, clear_bits, set_bits);
 			if (bh == segbuf->sb_super_root) {
@@ -1951,8 +1951,9 @@ static int nilfs_segctor_collect_dirty_files(struct nilfs_sc_info *sci,
 			err = nilfs_ifile_get_inode_block(
 				ifile, ii->vfs_inode.i_ino, &ibh);
 			if (unlikely(err)) {
-				nilfs_warning(sci->sc_super, __func__,
-					      "failed to get inode block.");
+				nilfs_msg(sci->sc_super, KERN_WARNING,
+					  "log writer: error %d getting inode block (ino=%lu)",
+					  err, ii->vfs_inode.i_ino);
 				return err;
 			}
 			mark_buffer_dirty(ibh);
@@ -2131,10 +2132,10 @@ static void nilfs_segctor_start_timer(struct nilfs_sc_info *sci)
 static void nilfs_segctor_do_flush(struct nilfs_sc_info *sci, int bn)
 {
 	spin_lock(&sci->sc_state_lock);
-	if (!(sci->sc_flush_request & (1 << bn))) {
+	if (!(sci->sc_flush_request & BIT(bn))) {
 		unsigned long prev_req = sci->sc_flush_request;
 
-		sci->sc_flush_request |= (1 << bn);
+		sci->sc_flush_request |= BIT(bn);
 		if (!prev_req)
 			wake_up(&sci->sc_wait_daemon);
 	}
@@ -2318,7 +2319,7 @@ int nilfs_construct_dsync_segment(struct super_block *sb, struct inode *inode,
 }
 
 #define FLUSH_FILE_BIT	(0x1) /* data file only */
-#define FLUSH_DAT_BIT	(1 << NILFS_DAT_INO) /* DAT only */
+#define FLUSH_DAT_BIT	BIT(NILFS_DAT_INO) /* DAT only */
 
 /**
  * nilfs_segctor_accept - record accepted sequence count of log-write requests
@@ -2458,8 +2459,7 @@ int nilfs_clean_segments(struct super_block *sb, struct nilfs_argv *argv,
 		if (likely(!err))
 			break;
 
-		nilfs_warning(sb, __func__,
-			      "segment construction failed. (err=%d)", err);
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING, "error %d cleaning segments", err);
 		set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
 		schedule_timeout(sci->sc_interval);
 	}
@@ -2467,9 +2467,9 @@ int nilfs_clean_segments(struct super_block *sb, struct nilfs_argv *argv,
 		int ret = nilfs_discard_segments(nilfs, sci->sc_freesegs,
 						 sci->sc_nfreesegs);
 		if (ret) {
-			printk(KERN_WARNING
-			       "NILFS warning: error %d on discard request, "
-			       "turning discards off for the device\n", ret);
+			nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING,
+				  "error %d on discard request, turning discards off for the device",
+				  ret);
 			nilfs_clear_opt(nilfs, DISCARD);
 		}
 	}
@@ -2551,10 +2551,9 @@ static int nilfs_segctor_thread(void *arg)
 	/* start sync. */
 	sci->sc_task = current;
 	wake_up(&sci->sc_wait_task); /* for nilfs_segctor_start_thread() */
-	printk(KERN_INFO
-	       "segctord starting. Construction interval = %lu seconds, "
-	       "CP frequency < %lu seconds\n",
-	       sci->sc_interval / HZ, sci->sc_mjcp_freq / HZ);
+	nilfs_msg(sci->sc_super, KERN_INFO,
+		  "segctord starting. Construction interval = %lu seconds, CP frequency < %lu seconds",
+		  sci->sc_interval / HZ, sci->sc_mjcp_freq / HZ);
 
 	spin_lock(&sci->sc_state_lock);
  loop:
@@ -2628,8 +2627,8 @@ static int nilfs_segctor_start_thread(struct nilfs_sc_info *sci)
 	if (IS_ERR(t)) {
 		int err = PTR_ERR(t);
 
-		printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: error %d creating segctord thread\n",
-		       err);
+		nilfs_msg(sci->sc_super, KERN_ERR,
+			  "error %d creating segctord thread", err);
 		return err;
 	}
 	wait_event(sci->sc_wait_task, sci->sc_task != NULL);
@@ -2739,14 +2738,14 @@ static void nilfs_segctor_destroy(struct nilfs_sc_info *sci)
 		nilfs_segctor_write_out(sci);
 
 	if (!list_empty(&sci->sc_dirty_files)) {
-		nilfs_warning(sci->sc_super, __func__,
-			      "dirty file(s) after the final construction");
+		nilfs_msg(sci->sc_super, KERN_WARNING,
+			  "disposed unprocessed dirty file(s) when stopping log writer");
 		nilfs_dispose_list(nilfs, &sci->sc_dirty_files, 1);
 	}
 
 	if (!list_empty(&sci->sc_iput_queue)) {
-		nilfs_warning(sci->sc_super, __func__,
-			      "iput queue is not empty");
+		nilfs_msg(sci->sc_super, KERN_WARNING,
+			  "disposed unprocessed inode(s) in iput queue when stopping log writer");
 		nilfs_dispose_list(nilfs, &sci->sc_iput_queue, 1);
 	}
 
@@ -2822,8 +2821,8 @@ void nilfs_detach_log_writer(struct super_block *sb)
 	spin_lock(&nilfs->ns_inode_lock);
 	if (!list_empty(&nilfs->ns_dirty_files)) {
 		list_splice_init(&nilfs->ns_dirty_files, &garbage_list);
-		nilfs_warning(sb, __func__,
-			      "Hit dirty file after stopped log writer");
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING,
+			  "disposed unprocessed dirty file(s) when detaching log writer");
 	}
 	spin_unlock(&nilfs->ns_inode_lock);
 	up_write(&nilfs->ns_segctor_sem);
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/segment.h b/fs/nilfs2/segment.h
index 6565c10b7b76..1060949d7dd2 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/segment.h
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/segment.h
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
 #include <linux/workqueue.h>
-#include <linux/nilfs2_fs.h>
 #include "nilfs.h"
 
 struct nilfs_root;
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/sufile.c b/fs/nilfs2/sufile.c
index 1963595a1580..1541a1e9221a 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/sufile.c
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/sufile.c
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@
 #include <linux/string.h>
 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
 #include <linux/errno.h>
-#include <linux/nilfs2_fs.h>
 #include "mdt.h"
 #include "sufile.h"
 
@@ -181,9 +180,9 @@ int nilfs_sufile_updatev(struct inode *sufile, __u64 *segnumv, size_t nsegs,
 	down_write(&NILFS_MDT(sufile)->mi_sem);
 	for (seg = segnumv; seg < segnumv + nsegs; seg++) {
 		if (unlikely(*seg >= nilfs_sufile_get_nsegments(sufile))) {
-			printk(KERN_WARNING
-			       "%s: invalid segment number: %llu\n", __func__,
-			       (unsigned long long)*seg);
+			nilfs_msg(sufile->i_sb, KERN_WARNING,
+				  "%s: invalid segment number: %llu",
+				  __func__, (unsigned long long)*seg);
 			nerr++;
 		}
 	}
@@ -240,8 +239,9 @@ int nilfs_sufile_update(struct inode *sufile, __u64 segnum, int create,
 	int ret;
 
 	if (unlikely(segnum >= nilfs_sufile_get_nsegments(sufile))) {
-		printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: invalid segment number: %llu\n",
-		       __func__, (unsigned long long)segnum);
+		nilfs_msg(sufile->i_sb, KERN_WARNING,
+			  "%s: invalid segment number: %llu",
+			  __func__, (unsigned long long)segnum);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 	down_write(&NILFS_MDT(sufile)->mi_sem);
@@ -419,8 +419,9 @@ void nilfs_sufile_do_cancel_free(struct inode *sufile, __u64 segnum,
 	kaddr = kmap_atomic(su_bh->b_page);
 	su = nilfs_sufile_block_get_segment_usage(sufile, segnum, su_bh, kaddr);
 	if (unlikely(!nilfs_segment_usage_clean(su))) {
-		printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: segment %llu must be clean\n",
-		       __func__, (unsigned long long)segnum);
+		nilfs_msg(sufile->i_sb, KERN_WARNING,
+			  "%s: segment %llu must be clean", __func__,
+			  (unsigned long long)segnum);
 		kunmap_atomic(kaddr);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -444,7 +445,7 @@ void nilfs_sufile_do_scrap(struct inode *sufile, __u64 segnum,
 
 	kaddr = kmap_atomic(su_bh->b_page);
 	su = nilfs_sufile_block_get_segment_usage(sufile, segnum, su_bh, kaddr);
-	if (su->su_flags == cpu_to_le32(1UL << NILFS_SEGMENT_USAGE_DIRTY) &&
+	if (su->su_flags == cpu_to_le32(BIT(NILFS_SEGMENT_USAGE_DIRTY)) &&
 	    su->su_nblocks == cpu_to_le32(0)) {
 		kunmap_atomic(kaddr);
 		return;
@@ -455,7 +456,7 @@ void nilfs_sufile_do_scrap(struct inode *sufile, __u64 segnum,
 	/* make the segment garbage */
 	su->su_lastmod = cpu_to_le64(0);
 	su->su_nblocks = cpu_to_le32(0);
-	su->su_flags = cpu_to_le32(1UL << NILFS_SEGMENT_USAGE_DIRTY);
+	su->su_flags = cpu_to_le32(BIT(NILFS_SEGMENT_USAGE_DIRTY));
 	kunmap_atomic(kaddr);
 
 	nilfs_sufile_mod_counter(header_bh, clean ? (u64)-1 : 0, dirty ? 0 : 1);
@@ -476,8 +477,9 @@ void nilfs_sufile_do_free(struct inode *sufile, __u64 segnum,
 	kaddr = kmap_atomic(su_bh->b_page);
 	su = nilfs_sufile_block_get_segment_usage(sufile, segnum, su_bh, kaddr);
 	if (nilfs_segment_usage_clean(su)) {
-		printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: segment %llu is already clean\n",
-		       __func__, (unsigned long long)segnum);
+		nilfs_msg(sufile->i_sb, KERN_WARNING,
+			  "%s: segment %llu is already clean",
+			  __func__, (unsigned long long)segnum);
 		kunmap_atomic(kaddr);
 		return;
 	}
@@ -692,7 +694,7 @@ static int nilfs_sufile_truncate_range(struct inode *sufile,
 		su2 = su;
 		for (j = 0; j < n; j++, su = (void *)su + susz) {
 			if ((le32_to_cpu(su->su_flags) &
-			     ~(1UL << NILFS_SEGMENT_USAGE_ERROR)) ||
+			     ~BIT(NILFS_SEGMENT_USAGE_ERROR)) ||
 			    nilfs_segment_is_active(nilfs, segnum + j)) {
 				ret = -EBUSY;
 				kunmap_atomic(kaddr);
@@ -859,10 +861,10 @@ ssize_t nilfs_sufile_get_suinfo(struct inode *sufile, __u64 segnum, void *buf,
 			si->sui_lastmod = le64_to_cpu(su->su_lastmod);
 			si->sui_nblocks = le32_to_cpu(su->su_nblocks);
 			si->sui_flags = le32_to_cpu(su->su_flags) &
-				~(1UL << NILFS_SEGMENT_USAGE_ACTIVE);
+				~BIT(NILFS_SEGMENT_USAGE_ACTIVE);
 			if (nilfs_segment_is_active(nilfs, segnum + j))
 				si->sui_flags |=
-					(1UL << NILFS_SEGMENT_USAGE_ACTIVE);
+					BIT(NILFS_SEGMENT_USAGE_ACTIVE);
 		}
 		kunmap_atomic(kaddr);
 		brelse(su_bh);
@@ -950,7 +952,7 @@ ssize_t nilfs_sufile_set_suinfo(struct inode *sufile, void *buf,
 			 * disk.
 			 */
 			sup->sup_sui.sui_flags &=
-					~(1UL << NILFS_SEGMENT_USAGE_ACTIVE);
+					~BIT(NILFS_SEGMENT_USAGE_ACTIVE);
 
 			cleansi = nilfs_suinfo_clean(&sup->sup_sui);
 			cleansu = nilfs_segment_usage_clean(su);
@@ -1175,14 +1177,12 @@ int nilfs_sufile_read(struct super_block *sb, size_t susize,
 	int err;
 
 	if (susize > sb->s_blocksize) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR
-		       "NILFS: too large segment usage size: %zu bytes.\n",
-		       susize);
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+			  "too large segment usage size: %zu bytes", susize);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	} else if (susize < NILFS_MIN_SEGMENT_USAGE_SIZE) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR
-		       "NILFS: too small segment usage size: %zu bytes.\n",
-		       susize);
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+			  "too small segment usage size: %zu bytes", susize);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/sufile.h b/fs/nilfs2/sufile.h
index 46e89872294c..158a9190c8ec 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/sufile.h
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/sufile.h
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
 
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
-#include <linux/nilfs2_fs.h>
 #include "mdt.h"
 
 
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/super.c b/fs/nilfs2/super.c
index 666107a18a22..c95d369e90aa 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/super.c
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/super.c
@@ -71,6 +71,22 @@ struct kmem_cache *nilfs_btree_path_cache;
 static int nilfs_setup_super(struct super_block *sb, int is_mount);
 static int nilfs_remount(struct super_block *sb, int *flags, char *data);
 
+void __nilfs_msg(struct super_block *sb, const char *level, const char *fmt,
+		 ...)
+{
+	struct va_format vaf;
+	va_list args;
+
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+	vaf.fmt = fmt;
+	vaf.va = &args;
+	if (sb)
+		printk("%sNILFS (%s): %pV\n", level, sb->s_id, &vaf);
+	else
+		printk("%sNILFS: %pV\n", level, &vaf);
+	va_end(args);
+}
+
 static void nilfs_set_error(struct super_block *sb)
 {
 	struct the_nilfs *nilfs = sb->s_fs_info;
@@ -91,19 +107,20 @@ static void nilfs_set_error(struct super_block *sb)
 }
 
 /**
- * nilfs_error() - report failure condition on a filesystem
+ * __nilfs_error() - report failure condition on a filesystem
+ *
+ * __nilfs_error() sets an ERROR_FS flag on the superblock as well as
+ * reporting an error message.  This function should be called when
+ * NILFS detects incoherences or defects of meta data on disk.
  *
- * nilfs_error() sets an ERROR_FS flag on the superblock as well as
- * reporting an error message.  It should be called when NILFS detects
- * incoherences or defects of meta data on disk.  As for sustainable
- * errors such as a single-shot I/O error, nilfs_warning() or the printk()
- * function should be used instead.
+ * This implements the body of nilfs_error() macro.  Normally,
+ * nilfs_error() should be used.  As for sustainable errors such as a
+ * single-shot I/O error, nilfs_msg() should be used instead.
  *
- * The segment constructor must not call this function because it can
- * kill itself.
+ * Callers should not add a trailing newline since this will do it.
  */
-void nilfs_error(struct super_block *sb, const char *function,
-		 const char *fmt, ...)
+void __nilfs_error(struct super_block *sb, const char *function,
+		   const char *fmt, ...)
 {
 	struct the_nilfs *nilfs = sb->s_fs_info;
 	struct va_format vaf;
@@ -133,24 +150,6 @@ void nilfs_error(struct super_block *sb, const char *function,
 		      sb->s_id);
 }
 
-void nilfs_warning(struct super_block *sb, const char *function,
-		   const char *fmt, ...)
-{
-	struct va_format vaf;
-	va_list args;
-
-	va_start(args, fmt);
-
-	vaf.fmt = fmt;
-	vaf.va = &args;
-
-	printk(KERN_WARNING "NILFS warning (device %s): %s: %pV\n",
-	       sb->s_id, function, &vaf);
-
-	va_end(args);
-}
-
-
 struct inode *nilfs_alloc_inode(struct super_block *sb)
 {
 	struct nilfs_inode_info *ii;
@@ -196,8 +195,8 @@ static int nilfs_sync_super(struct super_block *sb, int flag)
 	}
 
 	if (unlikely(err)) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR
-		       "NILFS: unable to write superblock (err=%d)\n", err);
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "unable to write superblock: err=%d",
+			  err);
 		if (err == -EIO && nilfs->ns_sbh[1]) {
 			/*
 			 * sbp[0] points to newer log than sbp[1],
@@ -267,8 +266,7 @@ struct nilfs_super_block **nilfs_prepare_super(struct super_block *sb,
 		    sbp[1]->s_magic == cpu_to_le16(NILFS_SUPER_MAGIC)) {
 			memcpy(sbp[0], sbp[1], nilfs->ns_sbsize);
 		} else {
-			printk(KERN_CRIT "NILFS: superblock broke on dev %s\n",
-			       sb->s_id);
+			nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_CRIT, "superblock broke");
 			return NULL;
 		}
 	} else if (sbp[1] &&
@@ -378,9 +376,9 @@ static int nilfs_move_2nd_super(struct super_block *sb, loff_t sb2off)
 	offset = sb2off & (nilfs->ns_blocksize - 1);
 	nsbh = sb_getblk(sb, newblocknr);
 	if (!nsbh) {
-		printk(KERN_WARNING
-		       "NILFS warning: unable to move secondary superblock "
-		       "to block %llu\n", (unsigned long long)newblocknr);
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING,
+			  "unable to move secondary superblock to block %llu",
+			  (unsigned long long)newblocknr);
 		ret = -EIO;
 		goto out;
 	}
@@ -543,10 +541,9 @@ int nilfs_attach_checkpoint(struct super_block *sb, __u64 cno, int curr_mnt,
 	up_read(&nilfs->ns_segctor_sem);
 	if (unlikely(err)) {
 		if (err == -ENOENT || err == -EINVAL) {
-			printk(KERN_ERR
-			       "NILFS: Invalid checkpoint "
-			       "(checkpoint number=%llu)\n",
-			       (unsigned long long)cno);
+			nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+				  "Invalid checkpoint (checkpoint number=%llu)",
+				  (unsigned long long)cno);
 			err = -EINVAL;
 		}
 		goto failed;
@@ -642,9 +639,8 @@ static int nilfs_statfs(struct dentry *dentry, struct kstatfs *buf)
 	err = nilfs_ifile_count_free_inodes(root->ifile,
 					    &nmaxinodes, &nfreeinodes);
 	if (unlikely(err)) {
-		printk(KERN_WARNING
-			"NILFS warning: fail to count free inodes: err %d.\n",
-			err);
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING,
+			  "failed to count free inodes: err=%d", err);
 		if (err == -ERANGE) {
 			/*
 			 * If nilfs_palloc_count_max_entries() returns
@@ -776,9 +772,9 @@ static int parse_options(char *options, struct super_block *sb, int is_remount)
 			break;
 		case Opt_snapshot:
 			if (is_remount) {
-				printk(KERN_ERR
-				       "NILFS: \"%s\" option is invalid "
-				       "for remount.\n", p);
+				nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+					  "\"%s\" option is invalid for remount",
+					  p);
 				return 0;
 			}
 			break;
@@ -792,8 +788,8 @@ static int parse_options(char *options, struct super_block *sb, int is_remount)
 			nilfs_clear_opt(nilfs, DISCARD);
 			break;
 		default:
-			printk(KERN_ERR
-			       "NILFS: Unrecognized mount option \"%s\"\n", p);
+			nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+				  "unrecognized mount option \"%s\"", p);
 			return 0;
 		}
 	}
@@ -829,12 +825,10 @@ static int nilfs_setup_super(struct super_block *sb, int is_mount)
 	mnt_count = le16_to_cpu(sbp[0]->s_mnt_count);
 
 	if (nilfs->ns_mount_state & NILFS_ERROR_FS) {
-		printk(KERN_WARNING
-		       "NILFS warning: mounting fs with errors\n");
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING, "mounting fs with errors");
 #if 0
 	} else if (max_mnt_count >= 0 && mnt_count >= max_mnt_count) {
-		printk(KERN_WARNING
-		       "NILFS warning: maximal mount count reached\n");
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING, "maximal mount count reached");
 #endif
 	}
 	if (!max_mnt_count)
@@ -897,17 +891,17 @@ int nilfs_check_feature_compatibility(struct super_block *sb,
 	features = le64_to_cpu(sbp->s_feature_incompat) &
 		~NILFS_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_SUPP;
 	if (features) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: couldn't mount because of unsupported "
-		       "optional features (%llx)\n",
-		       (unsigned long long)features);
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+			  "couldn't mount because of unsupported optional features (%llx)",
+			  (unsigned long long)features);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 	features = le64_to_cpu(sbp->s_feature_compat_ro) &
 		~NILFS_FEATURE_COMPAT_RO_SUPP;
 	if (!(sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY) && features) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: couldn't mount RDWR because of "
-		       "unsupported optional features (%llx)\n",
-		       (unsigned long long)features);
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+			  "couldn't mount RDWR because of unsupported optional features (%llx)",
+			  (unsigned long long)features);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -923,13 +917,13 @@ static int nilfs_get_root_dentry(struct super_block *sb,
 
 	inode = nilfs_iget(sb, root, NILFS_ROOT_INO);
 	if (IS_ERR(inode)) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: get root inode failed\n");
 		ret = PTR_ERR(inode);
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "error %d getting root inode", ret);
 		goto out;
 	}
 	if (!S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) || !inode->i_blocks || !inode->i_size) {
 		iput(inode);
-		printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: corrupt root inode.\n");
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "corrupt root inode");
 		ret = -EINVAL;
 		goto out;
 	}
@@ -957,7 +951,7 @@ static int nilfs_get_root_dentry(struct super_block *sb,
 	return ret;
 
  failed_dentry:
-	printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: get root dentry failed\n");
+	nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "error %d getting root dentry", ret);
 	goto out;
 }
 
@@ -977,18 +971,18 @@ static int nilfs_attach_snapshot(struct super_block *s, __u64 cno,
 		ret = (ret == -ENOENT) ? -EINVAL : ret;
 		goto out;
 	} else if (!ret) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: The specified checkpoint is "
-		       "not a snapshot (checkpoint number=%llu).\n",
-		       (unsigned long long)cno);
+		nilfs_msg(s, KERN_ERR,
+			  "The specified checkpoint is not a snapshot (checkpoint number=%llu)",
+			  (unsigned long long)cno);
 		ret = -EINVAL;
 		goto out;
 	}
 
 	ret = nilfs_attach_checkpoint(s, cno, false, &root);
 	if (ret) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: error loading snapshot "
-		       "(checkpoint number=%llu).\n",
-	       (unsigned long long)cno);
+		nilfs_msg(s, KERN_ERR,
+			  "error %d while loading snapshot (checkpoint number=%llu)",
+			  ret, (unsigned long long)cno);
 		goto out;
 	}
 	ret = nilfs_get_root_dentry(s, root, root_dentry);
@@ -1058,7 +1052,7 @@ nilfs_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, void *data, int silent)
 	__u64 cno;
 	int err;
 
-	nilfs = alloc_nilfs(sb->s_bdev);
+	nilfs = alloc_nilfs(sb);
 	if (!nilfs)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
@@ -1083,8 +1077,9 @@ nilfs_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, void *data, int silent)
 	cno = nilfs_last_cno(nilfs);
 	err = nilfs_attach_checkpoint(sb, cno, true, &fsroot);
 	if (err) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: error loading last checkpoint "
-		       "(checkpoint number=%llu).\n", (unsigned long long)cno);
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+			  "error %d while loading last checkpoint (checkpoint number=%llu)",
+			  err, (unsigned long long)cno);
 		goto failed_unload;
 	}
 
@@ -1144,9 +1139,8 @@ static int nilfs_remount(struct super_block *sb, int *flags, char *data)
 	err = -EINVAL;
 
 	if (!nilfs_valid_fs(nilfs)) {
-		printk(KERN_WARNING "NILFS (device %s): couldn't "
-		       "remount because the filesystem is in an "
-		       "incomplete recovery state.\n", sb->s_id);
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING,
+			  "couldn't remount because the filesystem is in an incomplete recovery state");
 		goto restore_opts;
 	}
 
@@ -1178,10 +1172,9 @@ static int nilfs_remount(struct super_block *sb, int *flags, char *data)
 			~NILFS_FEATURE_COMPAT_RO_SUPP;
 		up_read(&nilfs->ns_sem);
 		if (features) {
-			printk(KERN_WARNING "NILFS (device %s): couldn't "
-			       "remount RDWR because of unsupported optional "
-			       "features (%llx)\n",
-			       sb->s_id, (unsigned long long)features);
+			nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING,
+				  "couldn't remount RDWR because of unsupported optional features (%llx)",
+				  (unsigned long long)features);
 			err = -EROFS;
 			goto restore_opts;
 		}
@@ -1212,6 +1205,38 @@ struct nilfs_super_data {
 	int flags;
 };
 
+static int nilfs_parse_snapshot_option(const char *option,
+				       const substring_t *arg,
+				       struct nilfs_super_data *sd)
+{
+	unsigned long long val;
+	const char *msg = NULL;
+	int err;
+
+	if (!(sd->flags & MS_RDONLY)) {
+		msg = "read-only option is not specified";
+		goto parse_error;
+	}
+
+	err = kstrtoull(arg->from, 0, &val);
+	if (err) {
+		if (err == -ERANGE)
+			msg = "too large checkpoint number";
+		else
+			msg = "malformed argument";
+		goto parse_error;
+	} else if (val == 0) {
+		msg = "invalid checkpoint number 0";
+		goto parse_error;
+	}
+	sd->cno = val;
+	return 0;
+
+parse_error:
+	nilfs_msg(NULL, KERN_ERR, "invalid option \"%s\": %s", option, msg);
+	return 1;
+}
+
 /**
  * nilfs_identify - pre-read mount options needed to identify mount instance
  * @data: mount options
@@ -1228,24 +1253,9 @@ static int nilfs_identify(char *data, struct nilfs_super_data *sd)
 		p = strsep(&options, ",");
 		if (p != NULL && *p) {
 			token = match_token(p, tokens, args);
-			if (token == Opt_snapshot) {
-				if (!(sd->flags & MS_RDONLY)) {
-					ret++;
-				} else {
-					sd->cno = simple_strtoull(args[0].from,
-								  NULL, 0);
-					/*
-					 * No need to see the end pointer;
-					 * match_token() has done syntax
-					 * checking.
-					 */
-					if (sd->cno == 0)
-						ret++;
-				}
-			}
-			if (ret)
-				printk(KERN_ERR
-				       "NILFS: invalid mount option: %s\n", p);
+			if (token == Opt_snapshot)
+				ret = nilfs_parse_snapshot_option(p, &args[0],
+								  sd);
 		}
 		if (!options)
 			break;
@@ -1326,10 +1336,10 @@ nilfs_mount(struct file_system_type *fs_type, int flags,
 	} else if (!sd.cno) {
 		if (nilfs_tree_is_busy(s->s_root)) {
 			if ((flags ^ s->s_flags) & MS_RDONLY) {
-				printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: the device already "
-				       "has a %s mount.\n",
-				       (s->s_flags & MS_RDONLY) ?
-				       "read-only" : "read/write");
+				nilfs_msg(s, KERN_ERR,
+					  "the device already has a %s mount.",
+					  (s->s_flags & MS_RDONLY) ?
+					  "read-only" : "read/write");
 				err = -EBUSY;
 				goto failed_super;
 			}
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/sysfs.c b/fs/nilfs2/sysfs.c
index 8ffa42b704d8..490303e3d517 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/sysfs.c
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/sysfs.c
@@ -272,8 +272,8 @@ nilfs_checkpoints_checkpoints_number_show(struct nilfs_checkpoints_attr *attr,
 	err = nilfs_cpfile_get_stat(nilfs->ns_cpfile, &cpstat);
 	up_read(&nilfs->ns_segctor_sem);
 	if (err < 0) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: unable to get checkpoint stat: err=%d\n",
-			err);
+		nilfs_msg(nilfs->ns_sb, KERN_ERR,
+			  "unable to get checkpoint stat: err=%d", err);
 		return err;
 	}
 
@@ -295,8 +295,8 @@ nilfs_checkpoints_snapshots_number_show(struct nilfs_checkpoints_attr *attr,
 	err = nilfs_cpfile_get_stat(nilfs->ns_cpfile, &cpstat);
 	up_read(&nilfs->ns_segctor_sem);
 	if (err < 0) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: unable to get checkpoint stat: err=%d\n",
-			err);
+		nilfs_msg(nilfs->ns_sb, KERN_ERR,
+			  "unable to get checkpoint stat: err=%d", err);
 		return err;
 	}
 
@@ -326,9 +326,9 @@ nilfs_checkpoints_next_checkpoint_show(struct nilfs_checkpoints_attr *attr,
 {
 	__u64 cno;
 
-	down_read(&nilfs->ns_sem);
+	down_read(&nilfs->ns_segctor_sem);
 	cno = nilfs->ns_cno;
-	up_read(&nilfs->ns_sem);
+	up_read(&nilfs->ns_segctor_sem);
 
 	return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%llu\n", cno);
 }
@@ -414,8 +414,8 @@ nilfs_segments_dirty_segments_show(struct nilfs_segments_attr *attr,
 	err = nilfs_sufile_get_stat(nilfs->ns_sufile, &sustat);
 	up_read(&nilfs->ns_segctor_sem);
 	if (err < 0) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: unable to get segment stat: err=%d\n",
-			err);
+		nilfs_msg(nilfs->ns_sb, KERN_ERR,
+			  "unable to get segment stat: err=%d", err);
 		return err;
 	}
 
@@ -511,9 +511,9 @@ nilfs_segctor_current_seg_sequence_show(struct nilfs_segctor_attr *attr,
 {
 	u64 seg_seq;
 
-	down_read(&nilfs->ns_sem);
+	down_read(&nilfs->ns_segctor_sem);
 	seg_seq = nilfs->ns_seg_seq;
-	up_read(&nilfs->ns_sem);
+	up_read(&nilfs->ns_segctor_sem);
 
 	return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%llu\n", seg_seq);
 }
@@ -525,9 +525,9 @@ nilfs_segctor_current_last_full_seg_show(struct nilfs_segctor_attr *attr,
 {
 	__u64 segnum;
 
-	down_read(&nilfs->ns_sem);
+	down_read(&nilfs->ns_segctor_sem);
 	segnum = nilfs->ns_segnum;
-	up_read(&nilfs->ns_sem);
+	up_read(&nilfs->ns_segctor_sem);
 
 	return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%llu\n", segnum);
 }
@@ -539,9 +539,9 @@ nilfs_segctor_next_full_seg_show(struct nilfs_segctor_attr *attr,
 {
 	__u64 nextnum;
 
-	down_read(&nilfs->ns_sem);
+	down_read(&nilfs->ns_segctor_sem);
 	nextnum = nilfs->ns_nextnum;
-	up_read(&nilfs->ns_sem);
+	up_read(&nilfs->ns_segctor_sem);
 
 	return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%llu\n", nextnum);
 }
@@ -553,9 +553,9 @@ nilfs_segctor_next_pseg_offset_show(struct nilfs_segctor_attr *attr,
 {
 	unsigned long pseg_offset;
 
-	down_read(&nilfs->ns_sem);
+	down_read(&nilfs->ns_segctor_sem);
 	pseg_offset = nilfs->ns_pseg_offset;
-	up_read(&nilfs->ns_sem);
+	up_read(&nilfs->ns_segctor_sem);
 
 	return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%lu\n", pseg_offset);
 }
@@ -567,9 +567,9 @@ nilfs_segctor_next_checkpoint_show(struct nilfs_segctor_attr *attr,
 {
 	__u64 cno;
 
-	down_read(&nilfs->ns_sem);
+	down_read(&nilfs->ns_segctor_sem);
 	cno = nilfs->ns_cno;
-	up_read(&nilfs->ns_sem);
+	up_read(&nilfs->ns_segctor_sem);
 
 	return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%llu\n", cno);
 }
@@ -581,9 +581,9 @@ nilfs_segctor_last_seg_write_time_show(struct nilfs_segctor_attr *attr,
 {
 	time_t ctime;
 
-	down_read(&nilfs->ns_sem);
+	down_read(&nilfs->ns_segctor_sem);
 	ctime = nilfs->ns_ctime;
-	up_read(&nilfs->ns_sem);
+	up_read(&nilfs->ns_segctor_sem);
 
 	return NILFS_SHOW_TIME(ctime, buf);
 }
@@ -595,9 +595,9 @@ nilfs_segctor_last_seg_write_time_secs_show(struct nilfs_segctor_attr *attr,
 {
 	time_t ctime;
 
-	down_read(&nilfs->ns_sem);
+	down_read(&nilfs->ns_segctor_sem);
 	ctime = nilfs->ns_ctime;
-	up_read(&nilfs->ns_sem);
+	up_read(&nilfs->ns_segctor_sem);
 
 	return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%llu\n", (unsigned long long)ctime);
 }
@@ -609,9 +609,9 @@ nilfs_segctor_last_nongc_write_time_show(struct nilfs_segctor_attr *attr,
 {
 	time_t nongc_ctime;
 
-	down_read(&nilfs->ns_sem);
+	down_read(&nilfs->ns_segctor_sem);
 	nongc_ctime = nilfs->ns_nongc_ctime;
-	up_read(&nilfs->ns_sem);
+	up_read(&nilfs->ns_segctor_sem);
 
 	return NILFS_SHOW_TIME(nongc_ctime, buf);
 }
@@ -623,9 +623,9 @@ nilfs_segctor_last_nongc_write_time_secs_show(struct nilfs_segctor_attr *attr,
 {
 	time_t nongc_ctime;
 
-	down_read(&nilfs->ns_sem);
+	down_read(&nilfs->ns_segctor_sem);
 	nongc_ctime = nilfs->ns_nongc_ctime;
-	up_read(&nilfs->ns_sem);
+	up_read(&nilfs->ns_segctor_sem);
 
 	return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%llu\n",
 			(unsigned long long)nongc_ctime);
@@ -638,9 +638,9 @@ nilfs_segctor_dirty_data_blocks_count_show(struct nilfs_segctor_attr *attr,
 {
 	u32 ndirtyblks;
 
-	down_read(&nilfs->ns_sem);
+	down_read(&nilfs->ns_segctor_sem);
 	ndirtyblks = atomic_read(&nilfs->ns_ndirtyblks);
-	up_read(&nilfs->ns_sem);
+	up_read(&nilfs->ns_segctor_sem);
 
 	return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%u\n", ndirtyblks);
 }
@@ -789,14 +789,15 @@ nilfs_superblock_sb_update_frequency_store(struct nilfs_superblock_attr *attr,
 
 	err = kstrtouint(skip_spaces(buf), 0, &val);
 	if (err) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: unable to convert string: err=%d\n",
-			err);
+		nilfs_msg(nilfs->ns_sb, KERN_ERR,
+			  "unable to convert string: err=%d", err);
 		return err;
 	}
 
 	if (val < NILFS_SB_FREQ) {
 		val = NILFS_SB_FREQ;
-		printk(KERN_WARNING "NILFS: superblock update frequency cannot be lesser than 10 seconds\n");
+		nilfs_msg(nilfs->ns_sb, KERN_WARNING,
+			  "superblock update frequency cannot be lesser than 10 seconds");
 	}
 
 	down_write(&nilfs->ns_sem);
@@ -999,7 +1000,8 @@ int nilfs_sysfs_create_device_group(struct super_block *sb)
 	nilfs->ns_dev_subgroups = kzalloc(devgrp_size, GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (unlikely(!nilfs->ns_dev_subgroups)) {
 		err = -ENOMEM;
-		printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: unable to allocate memory for device group\n");
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+			  "unable to allocate memory for device group");
 		goto failed_create_device_group;
 	}
 
@@ -1109,15 +1111,15 @@ int __init nilfs_sysfs_init(void)
 	nilfs_kset = kset_create_and_add(NILFS_ROOT_GROUP_NAME, NULL, fs_kobj);
 	if (!nilfs_kset) {
 		err = -ENOMEM;
-		printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: unable to create sysfs entry: err %d\n",
-			err);
+		nilfs_msg(NULL, KERN_ERR,
+			  "unable to create sysfs entry: err=%d", err);
 		goto failed_sysfs_init;
 	}
 
 	err = sysfs_create_group(&nilfs_kset->kobj, &nilfs_feature_attr_group);
 	if (unlikely(err)) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: unable to create feature group: err %d\n",
-			err);
+		nilfs_msg(NULL, KERN_ERR,
+			  "unable to create feature group: err=%d", err);
 		goto cleanup_sysfs_init;
 	}
 
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/the_nilfs.c b/fs/nilfs2/the_nilfs.c
index e9fd241b9a0a..2dd75bf619ad 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/the_nilfs.c
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/the_nilfs.c
@@ -56,12 +56,12 @@ void nilfs_set_last_segment(struct the_nilfs *nilfs,
 
 /**
  * alloc_nilfs - allocate a nilfs object
- * @bdev: block device to which the_nilfs is related
+ * @sb: super block instance
  *
  * Return Value: On success, pointer to the_nilfs is returned.
  * On error, NULL is returned.
  */
-struct the_nilfs *alloc_nilfs(struct block_device *bdev)
+struct the_nilfs *alloc_nilfs(struct super_block *sb)
 {
 	struct the_nilfs *nilfs;
 
@@ -69,7 +69,8 @@ struct the_nilfs *alloc_nilfs(struct block_device *bdev)
 	if (!nilfs)
 		return NULL;
 
-	nilfs->ns_bdev = bdev;
+	nilfs->ns_sb = sb;
+	nilfs->ns_bdev = sb->s_bdev;
 	atomic_set(&nilfs->ns_ndirtyblks, 0);
 	init_rwsem(&nilfs->ns_sem);
 	mutex_init(&nilfs->ns_snapshot_mount_mutex);
@@ -191,7 +192,10 @@ static int nilfs_store_log_cursor(struct the_nilfs *nilfs,
 		nilfs_get_segnum_of_block(nilfs, nilfs->ns_last_pseg);
 	nilfs->ns_cno = nilfs->ns_last_cno + 1;
 	if (nilfs->ns_segnum >= nilfs->ns_nsegments) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS invalid last segment number.\n");
+		nilfs_msg(nilfs->ns_sb, KERN_ERR,
+			  "pointed segment number is out of range: segnum=%llu, nsegments=%lu",
+			  (unsigned long long)nilfs->ns_segnum,
+			  nilfs->ns_nsegments);
 		ret = -EINVAL;
 	}
 	return ret;
@@ -215,12 +219,12 @@ int load_nilfs(struct the_nilfs *nilfs, struct super_block *sb)
 	int err;
 
 	if (!valid_fs) {
-		printk(KERN_WARNING "NILFS warning: mounting unchecked fs\n");
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING, "mounting unchecked fs");
 		if (s_flags & MS_RDONLY) {
-			printk(KERN_INFO "NILFS: INFO: recovery "
-			       "required for readonly filesystem.\n");
-			printk(KERN_INFO "NILFS: write access will "
-			       "be enabled during recovery.\n");
+			nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_INFO,
+				  "recovery required for readonly filesystem");
+			nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_INFO,
+				  "write access will be enabled during recovery");
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -235,13 +239,12 @@ int load_nilfs(struct the_nilfs *nilfs, struct super_block *sb)
 			goto scan_error;
 
 		if (!nilfs_valid_sb(sbp[1])) {
-			printk(KERN_WARNING
-			       "NILFS warning: unable to fall back to spare"
-			       "super block\n");
+			nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING,
+				  "unable to fall back to spare super block");
 			goto scan_error;
 		}
-		printk(KERN_INFO
-		       "NILFS: try rollback from an earlier position\n");
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_INFO,
+			  "trying rollback from an earlier position");
 
 		/*
 		 * restore super block with its spare and reconfigure
@@ -254,10 +257,9 @@ int load_nilfs(struct the_nilfs *nilfs, struct super_block *sb)
 		/* verify consistency between two super blocks */
 		blocksize = BLOCK_SIZE << le32_to_cpu(sbp[0]->s_log_block_size);
 		if (blocksize != nilfs->ns_blocksize) {
-			printk(KERN_WARNING
-			       "NILFS warning: blocksize differs between "
-			       "two super blocks (%d != %d)\n",
-			       blocksize, nilfs->ns_blocksize);
+			nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING,
+				  "blocksize differs between two super blocks (%d != %d)",
+				  blocksize, nilfs->ns_blocksize);
 			goto scan_error;
 		}
 
@@ -276,7 +278,8 @@ int load_nilfs(struct the_nilfs *nilfs, struct super_block *sb)
 
 	err = nilfs_load_super_root(nilfs, sb, ri.ri_super_root);
 	if (unlikely(err)) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: error loading super root.\n");
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "error %d while loading super root",
+			  err);
 		goto failed;
 	}
 
@@ -287,30 +290,29 @@ int load_nilfs(struct the_nilfs *nilfs, struct super_block *sb)
 		__u64 features;
 
 		if (nilfs_test_opt(nilfs, NORECOVERY)) {
-			printk(KERN_INFO "NILFS: norecovery option specified. "
-			       "skipping roll-forward recovery\n");
+			nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_INFO,
+				  "norecovery option specified, skipping roll-forward recovery");
 			goto skip_recovery;
 		}
 		features = le64_to_cpu(nilfs->ns_sbp[0]->s_feature_compat_ro) &
 			~NILFS_FEATURE_COMPAT_RO_SUPP;
 		if (features) {
-			printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: couldn't proceed with "
-			       "recovery because of unsupported optional "
-			       "features (%llx)\n",
-			       (unsigned long long)features);
+			nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+				  "couldn't proceed with recovery because of unsupported optional features (%llx)",
+				  (unsigned long long)features);
 			err = -EROFS;
 			goto failed_unload;
 		}
 		if (really_read_only) {
-			printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: write access "
-			       "unavailable, cannot proceed.\n");
+			nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+				  "write access unavailable, cannot proceed");
 			err = -EROFS;
 			goto failed_unload;
 		}
 		sb->s_flags &= ~MS_RDONLY;
 	} else if (nilfs_test_opt(nilfs, NORECOVERY)) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: recovery cancelled because norecovery "
-		       "option was specified for a read/write mount\n");
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+			  "recovery cancelled because norecovery option was specified for a read/write mount");
 		err = -EINVAL;
 		goto failed_unload;
 	}
@@ -325,11 +327,12 @@ int load_nilfs(struct the_nilfs *nilfs, struct super_block *sb)
 	up_write(&nilfs->ns_sem);
 
 	if (err) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: failed to update super block. "
-		       "recovery unfinished.\n");
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+			  "error %d updating super block. recovery unfinished.",
+			  err);
 		goto failed_unload;
 	}
-	printk(KERN_INFO "NILFS: recovery complete.\n");
+	nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_INFO, "recovery complete");
 
  skip_recovery:
 	nilfs_clear_recovery_info(&ri);
@@ -337,7 +340,7 @@ int load_nilfs(struct the_nilfs *nilfs, struct super_block *sb)
 	return 0;
 
  scan_error:
-	printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: error searching super root.\n");
+	nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "error %d while searching super root", err);
 	goto failed;
 
  failed_unload:
@@ -384,12 +387,11 @@ static int nilfs_store_disk_layout(struct the_nilfs *nilfs,
 				   struct nilfs_super_block *sbp)
 {
 	if (le32_to_cpu(sbp->s_rev_level) < NILFS_MIN_SUPP_REV) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: unsupported revision "
-		       "(superblock rev.=%d.%d, current rev.=%d.%d). "
-		       "Please check the version of mkfs.nilfs.\n",
-		       le32_to_cpu(sbp->s_rev_level),
-		       le16_to_cpu(sbp->s_minor_rev_level),
-		       NILFS_CURRENT_REV, NILFS_MINOR_REV);
+		nilfs_msg(nilfs->ns_sb, KERN_ERR,
+			  "unsupported revision (superblock rev.=%d.%d, current rev.=%d.%d). Please check the version of mkfs.nilfs(2).",
+			  le32_to_cpu(sbp->s_rev_level),
+			  le16_to_cpu(sbp->s_minor_rev_level),
+			  NILFS_CURRENT_REV, NILFS_MINOR_REV);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 	nilfs->ns_sbsize = le16_to_cpu(sbp->s_bytes);
@@ -398,12 +400,14 @@ static int nilfs_store_disk_layout(struct the_nilfs *nilfs,
 
 	nilfs->ns_inode_size = le16_to_cpu(sbp->s_inode_size);
 	if (nilfs->ns_inode_size > nilfs->ns_blocksize) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: too large inode size: %d bytes.\n",
-		       nilfs->ns_inode_size);
+		nilfs_msg(nilfs->ns_sb, KERN_ERR,
+			  "too large inode size: %d bytes",
+			  nilfs->ns_inode_size);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	} else if (nilfs->ns_inode_size < NILFS_MIN_INODE_SIZE) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: too small inode size: %d bytes.\n",
-		       nilfs->ns_inode_size);
+		nilfs_msg(nilfs->ns_sb, KERN_ERR,
+			  "too small inode size: %d bytes",
+			  nilfs->ns_inode_size);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
@@ -411,7 +415,9 @@ static int nilfs_store_disk_layout(struct the_nilfs *nilfs,
 
 	nilfs->ns_blocks_per_segment = le32_to_cpu(sbp->s_blocks_per_segment);
 	if (nilfs->ns_blocks_per_segment < NILFS_SEG_MIN_BLOCKS) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: too short segment.\n");
+		nilfs_msg(nilfs->ns_sb, KERN_ERR,
+			  "too short segment: %lu blocks",
+			  nilfs->ns_blocks_per_segment);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
@@ -420,7 +426,9 @@ static int nilfs_store_disk_layout(struct the_nilfs *nilfs,
 		le32_to_cpu(sbp->s_r_segments_percentage);
 	if (nilfs->ns_r_segments_percentage < 1 ||
 	    nilfs->ns_r_segments_percentage > 99) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: invalid reserved segments percentage.\n");
+		nilfs_msg(nilfs->ns_sb, KERN_ERR,
+			  "invalid reserved segments percentage: %lu",
+			  nilfs->ns_r_segments_percentage);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
@@ -504,16 +512,16 @@ static int nilfs_load_super_block(struct the_nilfs *nilfs,
 
 	if (!sbp[0]) {
 		if (!sbp[1]) {
-			printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: unable to read superblock\n");
+			nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "unable to read superblock");
 			return -EIO;
 		}
-		printk(KERN_WARNING
-		       "NILFS warning: unable to read primary superblock "
-		       "(blocksize = %d)\n", blocksize);
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING,
+			  "unable to read primary superblock (blocksize = %d)",
+			  blocksize);
 	} else if (!sbp[1]) {
-		printk(KERN_WARNING
-		       "NILFS warning: unable to read secondary superblock "
-		       "(blocksize = %d)\n", blocksize);
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING,
+			  "unable to read secondary superblock (blocksize = %d)",
+			  blocksize);
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -535,14 +543,14 @@ static int nilfs_load_super_block(struct the_nilfs *nilfs,
 	}
 	if (!valid[swp]) {
 		nilfs_release_super_block(nilfs);
-		printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: Can't find nilfs on dev %s.\n",
-		       sb->s_id);
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "couldn't find nilfs on the device");
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
 	if (!valid[!swp])
-		printk(KERN_WARNING "NILFS warning: broken superblock. "
-		       "using spare superblock (blocksize = %d).\n", blocksize);
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING,
+			  "broken superblock, retrying with spare superblock (blocksize = %d)",
+			  blocksize);
 	if (swp)
 		nilfs_swap_super_block(nilfs);
 
@@ -576,7 +584,7 @@ int init_nilfs(struct the_nilfs *nilfs, struct super_block *sb, char *data)
 
 	blocksize = sb_min_blocksize(sb, NILFS_MIN_BLOCK_SIZE);
 	if (!blocksize) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: unable to set blocksize\n");
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "unable to set blocksize");
 		err = -EINVAL;
 		goto out;
 	}
@@ -595,8 +603,9 @@ int init_nilfs(struct the_nilfs *nilfs, struct super_block *sb, char *data)
 	blocksize = BLOCK_SIZE << le32_to_cpu(sbp->s_log_block_size);
 	if (blocksize < NILFS_MIN_BLOCK_SIZE ||
 	    blocksize > NILFS_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE) {
-		printk(KERN_ERR "NILFS: couldn't mount because of unsupported "
-		       "filesystem blocksize %d\n", blocksize);
+		nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+			  "couldn't mount because of unsupported filesystem blocksize %d",
+			  blocksize);
 		err = -EINVAL;
 		goto failed_sbh;
 	}
@@ -604,10 +613,9 @@ int init_nilfs(struct the_nilfs *nilfs, struct super_block *sb, char *data)
 		int hw_blocksize = bdev_logical_block_size(sb->s_bdev);
 
 		if (blocksize < hw_blocksize) {
-			printk(KERN_ERR
-			       "NILFS: blocksize %d too small for device "
-			       "(sector-size = %d).\n",
-			       blocksize, hw_blocksize);
+			nilfs_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+				  "blocksize %d too small for device (sector-size = %d)",
+				  blocksize, hw_blocksize);
 			err = -EINVAL;
 			goto failed_sbh;
 		}
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/the_nilfs.h b/fs/nilfs2/the_nilfs.h
index 79369fd6b13b..b305c6f033e7 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/the_nilfs.h
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/the_nilfs.h
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ enum {
  * struct the_nilfs - struct to supervise multiple nilfs mount points
  * @ns_flags: flags
  * @ns_flushed_device: flag indicating if all volatile data was flushed
+ * @ns_sb: back pointer to super block instance
  * @ns_bdev: block device
  * @ns_sem: semaphore for shared states
  * @ns_snapshot_mount_mutex: mutex to protect snapshot mounts
@@ -102,6 +103,7 @@ struct the_nilfs {
 	unsigned long		ns_flags;
 	int			ns_flushed_device;
 
+	struct super_block     *ns_sb;
 	struct block_device    *ns_bdev;
 	struct rw_semaphore	ns_sem;
 	struct mutex		ns_snapshot_mount_mutex;
@@ -120,11 +122,8 @@ struct the_nilfs {
 	unsigned int		ns_sb_update_freq;
 
 	/*
-	 * Following fields are dedicated to a writable FS-instance.
-	 * Except for the period seeking checkpoint, code outside the segment
-	 * constructor must lock a segment semaphore while accessing these
-	 * fields.
-	 * The writable FS-instance is sole during a lifetime of the_nilfs.
+	 * The following fields are updated by a writable FS-instance.
+	 * These fields are protected by ns_segctor_sem outside load_nilfs().
 	 */
 	u64			ns_seg_seq;
 	__u64			ns_segnum;
@@ -281,7 +280,7 @@ static inline int nilfs_sb_will_flip(struct the_nilfs *nilfs)
 }
 
 void nilfs_set_last_segment(struct the_nilfs *, sector_t, u64, __u64);
-struct the_nilfs *alloc_nilfs(struct block_device *bdev);
+struct the_nilfs *alloc_nilfs(struct super_block *sb);
 void destroy_nilfs(struct the_nilfs *nilfs);
 int init_nilfs(struct the_nilfs *nilfs, struct super_block *sb, char *data);
 int load_nilfs(struct the_nilfs *nilfs, struct super_block *sb);
diff --git a/fs/ocfs2/alloc.c b/fs/ocfs2/alloc.c
index 460c0cedab3a..7dabbc31060e 100644
--- a/fs/ocfs2/alloc.c
+++ b/fs/ocfs2/alloc.c
@@ -6106,6 +6106,43 @@ void ocfs2_schedule_truncate_log_flush(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
 	}
 }
 
+/*
+ * Try to flush truncate logs if we can free enough clusters from it.
+ * As for return value, "< 0" means error, "0" no space and "1" means
+ * we have freed enough spaces and let the caller try to allocate again.
+ */
+int ocfs2_try_to_free_truncate_log(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
+					unsigned int needed)
+{
+	tid_t target;
+	int ret = 0;
+	unsigned int truncated_clusters;
+
+	inode_lock(osb->osb_tl_inode);
+	truncated_clusters = osb->truncated_clusters;
+	inode_unlock(osb->osb_tl_inode);
+
+	/*
+	 * Check whether we can succeed in allocating if we free
+	 * the truncate log.
+	 */
+	if (truncated_clusters < needed)
+		goto out;
+
+	ret = ocfs2_flush_truncate_log(osb);
+	if (ret) {
+		mlog_errno(ret);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (jbd2_journal_start_commit(osb->journal->j_journal, &target)) {
+		jbd2_log_wait_commit(osb->journal->j_journal, target);
+		ret = 1;
+	}
+out:
+	return ret;
+}
+
 static int ocfs2_get_truncate_log_info(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
 				       int slot_num,
 				       struct inode **tl_inode,
diff --git a/fs/ocfs2/alloc.h b/fs/ocfs2/alloc.h
index f3dc1b0dfffc..4a5152ec88a3 100644
--- a/fs/ocfs2/alloc.h
+++ b/fs/ocfs2/alloc.h
@@ -188,6 +188,8 @@ int ocfs2_truncate_log_append(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
 			      u64 start_blk,
 			      unsigned int num_clusters);
 int __ocfs2_flush_truncate_log(struct ocfs2_super *osb);
+int ocfs2_try_to_free_truncate_log(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
+				   unsigned int needed);
 
 /*
  * Process local structure which describes the block unlinks done
diff --git a/fs/ocfs2/aops.c b/fs/ocfs2/aops.c
index af2adfcb0f6f..98d36548153d 100644
--- a/fs/ocfs2/aops.c
+++ b/fs/ocfs2/aops.c
@@ -1645,43 +1645,6 @@ static int ocfs2_zero_tail(struct inode *inode, struct buffer_head *di_bh,
 	return ret;
 }
 
-/*
- * Try to flush truncate logs if we can free enough clusters from it.
- * As for return value, "< 0" means error, "0" no space and "1" means
- * we have freed enough spaces and let the caller try to allocate again.
- */
-static int ocfs2_try_to_free_truncate_log(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
-					  unsigned int needed)
-{
-	tid_t target;
-	int ret = 0;
-	unsigned int truncated_clusters;
-
-	inode_lock(osb->osb_tl_inode);
-	truncated_clusters = osb->truncated_clusters;
-	inode_unlock(osb->osb_tl_inode);
-
-	/*
-	 * Check whether we can succeed in allocating if we free
-	 * the truncate log.
-	 */
-	if (truncated_clusters < needed)
-		goto out;
-
-	ret = ocfs2_flush_truncate_log(osb);
-	if (ret) {
-		mlog_errno(ret);
-		goto out;
-	}
-
-	if (jbd2_journal_start_commit(osb->journal->j_journal, &target)) {
-		jbd2_log_wait_commit(osb->journal->j_journal, target);
-		ret = 1;
-	}
-out:
-	return ret;
-}
-
 int ocfs2_write_begin_nolock(struct address_space *mapping,
 			     loff_t pos, unsigned len, ocfs2_write_type_t type,
 			     struct page **pagep, void **fsdata,
diff --git a/fs/ocfs2/dlm/dlmcommon.h b/fs/ocfs2/dlm/dlmcommon.h
index 8107d0d0c3f6..e9f3705c4c9f 100644
--- a/fs/ocfs2/dlm/dlmcommon.h
+++ b/fs/ocfs2/dlm/dlmcommon.h
@@ -1004,6 +1004,8 @@ int dlm_finalize_reco_handler(struct o2net_msg *msg, u32 len, void *data,
 int dlm_do_master_requery(struct dlm_ctxt *dlm, struct dlm_lock_resource *res,
 			  u8 nodenum, u8 *real_master);
 
+void __dlm_do_purge_lockres(struct dlm_ctxt *dlm,
+		struct dlm_lock_resource *res);
 
 int dlm_dispatch_assert_master(struct dlm_ctxt *dlm,
 			       struct dlm_lock_resource *res,
diff --git a/fs/ocfs2/dlm/dlmmaster.c b/fs/ocfs2/dlm/dlmmaster.c
index 13719d3f35f8..6ea06f8a7d29 100644
--- a/fs/ocfs2/dlm/dlmmaster.c
+++ b/fs/ocfs2/dlm/dlmmaster.c
@@ -2276,9 +2276,12 @@ int dlm_drop_lockres_ref(struct dlm_ctxt *dlm, struct dlm_lock_resource *res)
 		mlog(ML_ERROR, "%s: res %.*s, DEREF to node %u got %d\n",
 		     dlm->name, namelen, lockname, res->owner, r);
 		dlm_print_one_lock_resource(res);
-		BUG();
-	}
-	return ret ? ret : r;
+		if (r == -ENOMEM)
+			BUG();
+	} else
+		ret = r;
+
+	return ret;
 }
 
 int dlm_deref_lockres_handler(struct o2net_msg *msg, u32 len, void *data,
@@ -2416,48 +2419,26 @@ int dlm_deref_lockres_done_handler(struct o2net_msg *msg, u32 len, void *data,
 	}
 
 	spin_lock(&res->spinlock);
-	BUG_ON(!(res->state & DLM_LOCK_RES_DROPPING_REF));
-	if (!list_empty(&res->purge)) {
-		mlog(0, "%s: Removing res %.*s from purgelist\n",
-			dlm->name, res->lockname.len, res->lockname.name);
-		list_del_init(&res->purge);
-		dlm_lockres_put(res);
-		dlm->purge_count--;
-	}
-
-	if (!__dlm_lockres_unused(res)) {
-		mlog(ML_ERROR, "%s: res %.*s in use after deref\n",
-			dlm->name, res->lockname.len, res->lockname.name);
-		__dlm_print_one_lock_resource(res);
-		BUG();
-	}
-
-	__dlm_unhash_lockres(dlm, res);
-
-	spin_lock(&dlm->track_lock);
-	if (!list_empty(&res->tracking))
-		list_del_init(&res->tracking);
-	else {
-		mlog(ML_ERROR, "%s: Resource %.*s not on the Tracking list\n",
-		     dlm->name, res->lockname.len, res->lockname.name);
-		__dlm_print_one_lock_resource(res);
+	if (!(res->state & DLM_LOCK_RES_DROPPING_REF)) {
+		spin_unlock(&res->spinlock);
+		spin_unlock(&dlm->spinlock);
+		mlog(ML_NOTICE, "%s:%.*s: node %u sends deref done "
+			"but it is already derefed!\n", dlm->name,
+			res->lockname.len, res->lockname.name, node);
+		ret = 0;
+		goto done;
 	}
-	spin_unlock(&dlm->track_lock);
 
-	/* lockres is not in the hash now. drop the flag and wake up
-	 * any processes waiting in dlm_get_lock_resource.
-	 */
-	res->state &= ~DLM_LOCK_RES_DROPPING_REF;
+	__dlm_do_purge_lockres(dlm, res);
 	spin_unlock(&res->spinlock);
 	wake_up(&res->wq);
 
-	dlm_lockres_put(res);
-
 	spin_unlock(&dlm->spinlock);
 
 	ret = 0;
-
 done:
+	if (res)
+		dlm_lockres_put(res);
 	dlm_put(dlm);
 	return ret;
 }
diff --git a/fs/ocfs2/dlm/dlmrecovery.c b/fs/ocfs2/dlm/dlmrecovery.c
index f6b313898763..dd5cb8bcefd1 100644
--- a/fs/ocfs2/dlm/dlmrecovery.c
+++ b/fs/ocfs2/dlm/dlmrecovery.c
@@ -2343,6 +2343,7 @@ static void dlm_do_local_recovery_cleanup(struct dlm_ctxt *dlm, u8 dead_node)
 	struct dlm_lock_resource *res;
 	int i;
 	struct hlist_head *bucket;
+	struct hlist_node *tmp;
 	struct dlm_lock *lock;
 
 
@@ -2365,7 +2366,7 @@ static void dlm_do_local_recovery_cleanup(struct dlm_ctxt *dlm, u8 dead_node)
 	 */
 	for (i = 0; i < DLM_HASH_BUCKETS; i++) {
 		bucket = dlm_lockres_hash(dlm, i);
-		hlist_for_each_entry(res, bucket, hash_node) {
+		hlist_for_each_entry_safe(res, tmp, bucket, hash_node) {
  			/* always prune any $RECOVERY entries for dead nodes,
  			 * otherwise hangs can occur during later recovery */
 			if (dlm_is_recovery_lock(res->lockname.name,
@@ -2386,8 +2387,17 @@ static void dlm_do_local_recovery_cleanup(struct dlm_ctxt *dlm, u8 dead_node)
 						break;
 					}
 				}
-				dlm_lockres_clear_refmap_bit(dlm, res,
-						dead_node);
+
+				if ((res->owner == dead_node) &&
+							(res->state & DLM_LOCK_RES_DROPPING_REF)) {
+					dlm_lockres_get(res);
+					__dlm_do_purge_lockres(dlm, res);
+					spin_unlock(&res->spinlock);
+					wake_up(&res->wq);
+					dlm_lockres_put(res);
+					continue;
+				} else if (res->owner == dlm->node_num)
+					dlm_lockres_clear_refmap_bit(dlm, res, dead_node);
 				spin_unlock(&res->spinlock);
 				continue;
 			}
@@ -2398,14 +2408,17 @@ static void dlm_do_local_recovery_cleanup(struct dlm_ctxt *dlm, u8 dead_node)
 				if (res->state & DLM_LOCK_RES_DROPPING_REF) {
 					mlog(0, "%s:%.*s: owned by "
 						"dead node %u, this node was "
-						"dropping its ref when it died. "
-						"continue, dropping the flag.\n",
+						"dropping its ref when master died. "
+						"continue, purging the lockres.\n",
 						dlm->name, res->lockname.len,
 						res->lockname.name, dead_node);
+					dlm_lockres_get(res);
+					__dlm_do_purge_lockres(dlm, res);
+					spin_unlock(&res->spinlock);
+					wake_up(&res->wq);
+					dlm_lockres_put(res);
+					continue;
 				}
-				res->state &= ~DLM_LOCK_RES_DROPPING_REF;
-				dlm_move_lockres_to_recovery_list(dlm,
-						res);
 			} else if (res->owner == dlm->node_num) {
 				dlm_free_dead_locks(dlm, res, dead_node);
 				__dlm_lockres_calc_usage(dlm, res);
diff --git a/fs/ocfs2/dlm/dlmthread.c b/fs/ocfs2/dlm/dlmthread.c
index 68d239ba0c63..838a06d4066a 100644
--- a/fs/ocfs2/dlm/dlmthread.c
+++ b/fs/ocfs2/dlm/dlmthread.c
@@ -160,6 +160,52 @@ void dlm_lockres_calc_usage(struct dlm_ctxt *dlm,
 	spin_unlock(&dlm->spinlock);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Do the real purge work:
+ *     unhash the lockres, and
+ *     clear flag DLM_LOCK_RES_DROPPING_REF.
+ * It requires dlm and lockres spinlock to be taken.
+ */
+void __dlm_do_purge_lockres(struct dlm_ctxt *dlm,
+		struct dlm_lock_resource *res)
+{
+	assert_spin_locked(&dlm->spinlock);
+	assert_spin_locked(&res->spinlock);
+
+	if (!list_empty(&res->purge)) {
+		mlog(0, "%s: Removing res %.*s from purgelist\n",
+		     dlm->name, res->lockname.len, res->lockname.name);
+		list_del_init(&res->purge);
+		dlm_lockres_put(res);
+		dlm->purge_count--;
+	}
+
+	if (!__dlm_lockres_unused(res)) {
+		mlog(ML_ERROR, "%s: res %.*s in use after deref\n",
+		     dlm->name, res->lockname.len, res->lockname.name);
+		__dlm_print_one_lock_resource(res);
+		BUG();
+	}
+
+	__dlm_unhash_lockres(dlm, res);
+
+	spin_lock(&dlm->track_lock);
+	if (!list_empty(&res->tracking))
+		list_del_init(&res->tracking);
+	else {
+		mlog(ML_ERROR, "%s: Resource %.*s not on the Tracking list\n",
+		     dlm->name, res->lockname.len, res->lockname.name);
+		__dlm_print_one_lock_resource(res);
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&dlm->track_lock);
+
+	/*
+	 * lockres is not in the hash now. drop the flag and wake up
+	 * any processes waiting in dlm_get_lock_resource.
+	 */
+	res->state &= ~DLM_LOCK_RES_DROPPING_REF;
+}
+
 static void dlm_purge_lockres(struct dlm_ctxt *dlm,
 			     struct dlm_lock_resource *res)
 {
@@ -175,6 +221,13 @@ static void dlm_purge_lockres(struct dlm_ctxt *dlm,
 	     res->lockname.len, res->lockname.name, master);
 
 	if (!master) {
+		if (res->state & DLM_LOCK_RES_DROPPING_REF) {
+			mlog(ML_NOTICE, "%s: res %.*s already in DLM_LOCK_RES_DROPPING_REF state\n",
+				dlm->name, res->lockname.len, res->lockname.name);
+			spin_unlock(&res->spinlock);
+			return;
+		}
+
 		res->state |= DLM_LOCK_RES_DROPPING_REF;
 		/* drop spinlock...  retake below */
 		spin_unlock(&res->spinlock);
@@ -203,8 +256,8 @@ static void dlm_purge_lockres(struct dlm_ctxt *dlm,
 		dlm->purge_count--;
 	}
 
-	if (!master && ret != 0) {
-		mlog(0, "%s: deref %.*s in progress or master goes down\n",
+	if (!master && ret == DLM_DEREF_RESPONSE_INPROG) {
+		mlog(0, "%s: deref %.*s in progress\n",
 			dlm->name, res->lockname.len, res->lockname.name);
 		spin_unlock(&res->spinlock);
 		return;
diff --git a/fs/ocfs2/stack_user.c b/fs/ocfs2/stack_user.c
index ced70c8139f7..c9e828ec3c8e 100644
--- a/fs/ocfs2/stack_user.c
+++ b/fs/ocfs2/stack_user.c
@@ -1007,10 +1007,17 @@ static int user_cluster_connect(struct ocfs2_cluster_connection *conn)
 	lc->oc_type = NO_CONTROLD;
 
 	rc = dlm_new_lockspace(conn->cc_name, conn->cc_cluster_name,
-			       DLM_LSFL_FS, DLM_LVB_LEN,
+			       DLM_LSFL_FS | DLM_LSFL_NEWEXCL, DLM_LVB_LEN,
 			       &ocfs2_ls_ops, conn, &ops_rv, &fsdlm);
-	if (rc)
+	if (rc) {
+		if (rc == -EEXIST || rc == -EPROTO)
+			printk(KERN_ERR "ocfs2: Unable to create the "
+				"lockspace %s (%d), because a ocfs2-tools "
+				"program is running on this file system "
+				"with the same name lockspace\n",
+				conn->cc_name, rc);
 		goto out;
+	}
 
 	if (ops_rv == -EOPNOTSUPP) {
 		lc->oc_type = WITH_CONTROLD;
diff --git a/fs/ocfs2/suballoc.c b/fs/ocfs2/suballoc.c
index 2f19aeec5482..ea47120a85ff 100644
--- a/fs/ocfs2/suballoc.c
+++ b/fs/ocfs2/suballoc.c
@@ -1164,7 +1164,8 @@ static int ocfs2_reserve_clusters_with_limit(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
 					     int flags,
 					     struct ocfs2_alloc_context **ac)
 {
-	int status;
+	int status, ret = 0;
+	int retried = 0;
 
 	*ac = kzalloc(sizeof(struct ocfs2_alloc_context), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!(*ac)) {
@@ -1189,7 +1190,24 @@ static int ocfs2_reserve_clusters_with_limit(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
 	}
 
 	if (status == -ENOSPC) {
+retry:
 		status = ocfs2_reserve_cluster_bitmap_bits(osb, *ac);
+		/* Retry if there is sufficient space cached in truncate log */
+		if (status == -ENOSPC && !retried) {
+			retried = 1;
+			ocfs2_inode_unlock((*ac)->ac_inode, 1);
+			inode_unlock((*ac)->ac_inode);
+
+			ret = ocfs2_try_to_free_truncate_log(osb, bits_wanted);
+			if (ret == 1)
+				goto retry;
+
+			if (ret < 0)
+				mlog_errno(ret);
+
+			inode_lock((*ac)->ac_inode);
+			ocfs2_inode_lock((*ac)->ac_inode, NULL, 1);
+		}
 		if (status < 0) {
 			if (status != -ENOSPC)
 				mlog_errno(status);
diff --git a/fs/proc/Makefile b/fs/proc/Makefile
index 7151ea428041..a8c13605b434 100644
--- a/fs/proc/Makefile
+++ b/fs/proc/Makefile
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 obj-y   += proc.o
 
+CFLAGS_task_mmu.o	+= -Wno-override-init
 proc-y			:= nommu.o task_nommu.o
 proc-$(CONFIG_MMU)	:= task_mmu.o
 
diff --git a/fs/proc/base.c b/fs/proc/base.c
index 31370da2ee7c..54e270262979 100644
--- a/fs/proc/base.c
+++ b/fs/proc/base.c
@@ -579,11 +579,8 @@ static int proc_oom_score(struct seq_file *m, struct pid_namespace *ns,
 	unsigned long totalpages = totalram_pages + total_swap_pages;
 	unsigned long points = 0;
 
-	read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
-	if (pid_alive(task))
-		points = oom_badness(task, NULL, NULL, totalpages) *
-						1000 / totalpages;
-	read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
+	points = oom_badness(task, NULL, NULL, totalpages) *
+					1000 / totalpages;
 	seq_printf(m, "%lu\n", points);
 
 	return 0;
diff --git a/fs/proc/stat.c b/fs/proc/stat.c
index 510413eb25b8..7907e456ac4f 100644
--- a/fs/proc/stat.c
+++ b/fs/proc/stat.c
@@ -80,19 +80,17 @@ static u64 get_iowait_time(int cpu)
 static int show_stat(struct seq_file *p, void *v)
 {
 	int i, j;
-	unsigned long jif;
 	u64 user, nice, system, idle, iowait, irq, softirq, steal;
 	u64 guest, guest_nice;
 	u64 sum = 0;
 	u64 sum_softirq = 0;
 	unsigned int per_softirq_sums[NR_SOFTIRQS] = {0};
-	struct timespec boottime;
+	struct timespec64 boottime;
 
 	user = nice = system = idle = iowait =
 		irq = softirq = steal = 0;
 	guest = guest_nice = 0;
-	getboottime(&boottime);
-	jif = boottime.tv_sec;
+	getboottime64(&boottime);
 
 	for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
 		user += kcpustat_cpu(i).cpustat[CPUTIME_USER];
@@ -163,12 +161,12 @@ static int show_stat(struct seq_file *p, void *v)
 
 	seq_printf(p,
 		"\nctxt %llu\n"
-		"btime %lu\n"
+		"btime %llu\n"
 		"processes %lu\n"
 		"procs_running %lu\n"
 		"procs_blocked %lu\n",
 		nr_context_switches(),
-		(unsigned long)jif,
+		(unsigned long long)boottime.tv_sec,
 		total_forks,
 		nr_running(),
 		nr_iowait());
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/ibalance.c b/fs/reiserfs/ibalance.c
index b751eea32e20..5db6f45b3fed 100644
--- a/fs/reiserfs/ibalance.c
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/ibalance.c
@@ -1153,8 +1153,9 @@ int balance_internal(struct tree_balance *tb,
 				       insert_ptr);
 	}
 
-	memcpy(new_insert_key_addr, &new_insert_key, KEY_SIZE);
 	insert_ptr[0] = new_insert_ptr;
+	if (new_insert_ptr)
+		memcpy(new_insert_key_addr, &new_insert_key, KEY_SIZE);
 
 	return order;
 }