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authorAndy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>2016-12-09 10:24:08 -0800
committerThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>2016-12-19 11:54:21 +0100
commitc198b121b1a1d7a7171770c634cd49191bac4477 (patch)
treedf6c91eaccf56aff6af2d952e58c663a8dbb0dbd /arch
parent484d0e5c7943644cc46e7308a8f9d83be598f2b9 (diff)
downloadlinux-c198b121b1a1d7a7171770c634cd49191bac4477.tar.bz2
x86/asm: Rewrite sync_core() to use IRET-to-self
Aside from being excessively slow, CPUID is problematic: Linux runs on a handful of CPUs that don't have CPUID. Use IRET-to-self instead. IRET-to-self works everywhere, so it makes testing easy. For reference, On my laptop, IRET-to-self is ~110ns, CPUID(eax=1, ecx=0) is ~83ns on native and very very slow under KVM, and MOV-to-CR2 is ~42ns. While we're at it: sync_core() serves a very specific purpose. Document it. Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org> Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com> Cc: One Thousand Gnomes <gnomes@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com> Cc: Matthew Whitehead <tedheadster@gmail.com> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Henrique de Moraes Holschuh <hmh@hmh.eng.br> Cc: Andrew Cooper <andrew.cooper3@citrix.com> Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com> Cc: xen-devel <Xen-devel@lists.xen.org> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/5c79f0225f68bc8c40335612bf624511abb78941.1481307769.git.luto@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Diffstat (limited to 'arch')
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/include/asm/processor.h80
1 files changed, 58 insertions, 22 deletions
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/processor.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/processor.h
index b934871ae226..eaf100508c36 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/processor.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/processor.h
@@ -602,33 +602,69 @@ static __always_inline void cpu_relax(void)
rep_nop();
}
-/* Stop speculative execution and prefetching of modified code. */
+/*
+ * This function forces the icache and prefetched instruction stream to
+ * catch up with reality in two very specific cases:
+ *
+ * a) Text was modified using one virtual address and is about to be executed
+ * from the same physical page at a different virtual address.
+ *
+ * b) Text was modified on a different CPU, may subsequently be
+ * executed on this CPU, and you want to make sure the new version
+ * gets executed. This generally means you're calling this in a IPI.
+ *
+ * If you're calling this for a different reason, you're probably doing
+ * it wrong.
+ */
static inline void sync_core(void)
{
- int tmp;
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
/*
- * Do a CPUID if available, otherwise do a jump. The jump
- * can conveniently enough be the jump around CPUID.
+ * There are quite a few ways to do this. IRET-to-self is nice
+ * because it works on every CPU, at any CPL (so it's compatible
+ * with paravirtualization), and it never exits to a hypervisor.
+ * The only down sides are that it's a bit slow (it seems to be
+ * a bit more than 2x slower than the fastest options) and that
+ * it unmasks NMIs. The "push %cs" is needed because, in
+ * paravirtual environments, __KERNEL_CS may not be a valid CS
+ * value when we do IRET directly.
+ *
+ * In case NMI unmasking or performance ever becomes a problem,
+ * the next best option appears to be MOV-to-CR2 and an
+ * unconditional jump. That sequence also works on all CPUs,
+ * but it will fault at CPL3 (i.e. Xen PV and lguest).
+ *
+ * CPUID is the conventional way, but it's nasty: it doesn't
+ * exist on some 486-like CPUs, and it usually exits to a
+ * hypervisor.
+ *
+ * Like all of Linux's memory ordering operations, this is a
+ * compiler barrier as well.
*/
- asm volatile("cmpl %2,%1\n\t"
- "jl 1f\n\t"
- "cpuid\n"
- "1:"
- : "=a" (tmp)
- : "rm" (boot_cpu_data.cpuid_level), "ri" (0), "0" (1)
- : "ebx", "ecx", "edx", "memory");
+ register void *__sp asm(_ASM_SP);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
+ asm volatile (
+ "pushfl\n\t"
+ "pushl %%cs\n\t"
+ "pushl $1f\n\t"
+ "iret\n\t"
+ "1:"
+ : "+r" (__sp) : : "memory");
#else
- /*
- * CPUID is a barrier to speculative execution.
- * Prefetched instructions are automatically
- * invalidated when modified.
- */
- asm volatile("cpuid"
- : "=a" (tmp)
- : "0" (1)
- : "ebx", "ecx", "edx", "memory");
+ unsigned int tmp;
+
+ asm volatile (
+ "mov %%ss, %0\n\t"
+ "pushq %q0\n\t"
+ "pushq %%rsp\n\t"
+ "addq $8, (%%rsp)\n\t"
+ "pushfq\n\t"
+ "mov %%cs, %0\n\t"
+ "pushq %q0\n\t"
+ "pushq $1f\n\t"
+ "iretq\n\t"
+ "1:"
+ : "=&r" (tmp), "+r" (__sp) : : "cc", "memory");
#endif
}