Merge branch 'master'

7 files changed, 256 insertions, 32 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/HOWTO b/Documentation/HOWTO
index 6c9e746267da..915ae8c986c6 100644
--- a/Documentation/HOWTO
+++ b/Documentation/HOWTO
@@ -603,7 +603,8 @@ start exactly where you are now.
 
 
 ----------
-Thanks to Paolo Ciarrocchi who allowed the "Development Process" section
+Thanks to Paolo Ciarrocchi who allowed the "Development Process"
+(http://linux.tar.bz/articles/2.6-development_process) section
 to be based on text he had written, and to Randy Dunlap and Gerrit
 Huizenga for some of the list of things you should and should not say.
 Also thanks to Pat Mochel, Hanna Linder, Randy Dunlap, Kay Sievers,
diff --git a/Documentation/networking/operstates.txt b/Documentation/networking/operstates.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..4a21d9bb836b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/networking/operstates.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+
+1. Introduction
+
+Linux distinguishes between administrative and operational state of an
+interface. Admininstrative state is the result of "ip link set dev
+<dev> up or down" and reflects whether the administrator wants to use
+the device for traffic.
+
+However, an interface is not usable just because the admin enabled it
+- ethernet requires to be plugged into the switch and, depending on
+a site's networking policy and configuration, an 802.1X authentication
+to be performed before user data can be transferred. Operational state
+shows the ability of an interface to transmit this user data.
+
+Thanks to 802.1X, userspace must be granted the possibility to
+influence operational state. To accommodate this, operational state is
+split into two parts: Two flags that can be set by the driver only, and
+a RFC2863 compatible state that is derived from these flags, a policy,
+and changeable from userspace under certain rules.
+
+
+2. Querying from userspace
+
+Both admin and operational state can be queried via the netlink
+operation RTM_GETLINK. It is also possible to subscribe to RTMGRP_LINK
+to be notified of updates. This is important for setting from userspace.
+
+These values contain interface state:
+
+ifinfomsg::if_flags & IFF_UP:
+ Interface is admin up
+ifinfomsg::if_flags & IFF_RUNNING:
+ Interface is in RFC2863 operational state UP or UNKNOWN. This is for
+ backward compatibility, routing daemons, dhcp clients can use this
+ flag to determine whether they should use the interface.
+ifinfomsg::if_flags & IFF_LOWER_UP:
+ Driver has signaled netif_carrier_on()
+ifinfomsg::if_flags & IFF_DORMANT:
+ Driver has signaled netif_dormant_on()
+
+These interface flags can also be queried without netlink using the
+SIOCGIFFLAGS ioctl.
+
+TLV IFLA_OPERSTATE
+
+contains RFC2863 state of the interface in numeric representation:
+
+IF_OPER_UNKNOWN (0):
+ Interface is in unknown state, neither driver nor userspace has set
+ operational state. Interface must be considered for user data as
+ setting operational state has not been implemented in every driver.
+IF_OPER_NOTPRESENT (1):
+ Unused in current kernel (notpresent interfaces normally disappear),
+ just a numerical placeholder.
+IF_OPER_DOWN (2):
+ Interface is unable to transfer data on L1, f.e. ethernet is not
+ plugged or interface is ADMIN down.
+IF_OPER_LOWERLAYERDOWN (3):
+ Interfaces stacked on an interface that is IF_OPER_DOWN show this
+ state (f.e. VLAN).
+IF_OPER_TESTING (4):
+ Unused in current kernel.
+IF_OPER_DORMANT (5):
+ Interface is L1 up, but waiting for an external event, f.e. for a
+ protocol to establish. (802.1X)
+IF_OPER_UP (6):
+ Interface is operational up and can be used.
+
+This TLV can also be queried via sysfs.
+
+TLV IFLA_LINKMODE
+
+contains link policy. This is needed for userspace interaction
+described below.
+
+This TLV can also be queried via sysfs.
+
+
+3. Kernel driver API
+
+Kernel drivers have access to two flags that map to IFF_LOWER_UP and
+IFF_DORMANT. These flags can be set from everywhere, even from
+interrupts. It is guaranteed that only the driver has write access,
+however, if different layers of the driver manipulate the same flag,
+the driver has to provide the synchronisation needed.
+
+__LINK_STATE_NOCARRIER, maps to !IFF_LOWER_UP:
+
+The driver uses netif_carrier_on() to clear and netif_carrier_off() to
+set this flag. On netif_carrier_off(), the scheduler stops sending
+packets. The name 'carrier' and the inversion are historical, think of
+it as lower layer.
+
+netif_carrier_ok() can be used to query that bit.
+
+__LINK_STATE_DORMANT, maps to IFF_DORMANT:
+
+Set by the driver to express that the device cannot yet be used
+because some driver controlled protocol establishment has to
+complete. Corresponding functions are netif_dormant_on() to set the
+flag, netif_dormant_off() to clear it and netif_dormant() to query.
+
+On device allocation, networking core sets the flags equivalent to
+netif_carrier_ok() and !netif_dormant().
+
+
+Whenever the driver CHANGES one of these flags, a workqueue event is
+scheduled to translate the flag combination to IFLA_OPERSTATE as
+follows:
+
+!netif_carrier_ok():
+ IF_OPER_LOWERLAYERDOWN if the interface is stacked, IF_OPER_DOWN
+ otherwise. Kernel can recognise stacked interfaces because their
+ ifindex != iflink.
+
+netif_carrier_ok() && netif_dormant():
+ IF_OPER_DORMANT
+
+netif_carrier_ok() && !netif_dormant():
+ IF_OPER_UP if userspace interaction is disabled. Otherwise
+ IF_OPER_DORMANT with the possibility for userspace to initiate the
+ IF_OPER_UP transition afterwards.
+
+
+4. Setting from userspace
+
+Applications have to use the netlink interface to influence the
+RFC2863 operational state of an interface. Setting IFLA_LINKMODE to 1
+via RTM_SETLINK instructs the kernel that an interface should go to
+IF_OPER_DORMANT instead of IF_OPER_UP when the combination
+netif_carrier_ok() && !netif_dormant() is set by the
+driver. Afterwards, the userspace application can set IFLA_OPERSTATE
+to IF_OPER_DORMANT or IF_OPER_UP as long as the driver does not set
+netif_carrier_off() or netif_dormant_on(). Changes made by userspace
+are multicasted on the netlink group RTMGRP_LINK.
+
+So basically a 802.1X supplicant interacts with the kernel like this:
+
+-subscribe to RTMGRP_LINK
+-set IFLA_LINKMODE to 1 via RTM_SETLINK
+-query RTM_GETLINK once to get initial state
+-if initial flags are not (IFF_LOWER_UP && !IFF_DORMANT), wait until
+ netlink multicast signals this state
+-do 802.1X, eventually abort if flags go down again
+-send RTM_SETLINK to set operstate to IF_OPER_UP if authentication
+ succeeds, IF_OPER_DORMANT otherwise
+-see how operstate and IFF_RUNNING is echoed via netlink multicast
+-set interface back to IF_OPER_DORMANT if 802.1X reauthentication
+ fails
+-restart if kernel changes IFF_LOWER_UP or IFF_DORMANT flag
+
+if supplicant goes down, bring back IFLA_LINKMODE to 0 and
+IFLA_OPERSTATE to a sane value.
+
+A routing daemon or dhcp client just needs to care for IFF_RUNNING or
+waiting for operstate to go IF_OPER_UP/IF_OPER_UNKNOWN before
+considering the interface / querying a DHCP address.
+
+
+For technical questions and/or comments please e-mail to Stefan Rompf
+(stefan at loplof.de).
diff --git a/Documentation/pci.txt b/Documentation/pci.txt
index 711210b38f5f..66bbbf1d1ef6 100644
--- a/Documentation/pci.txt
+++ b/Documentation/pci.txt
@@ -259,7 +259,17 @@ on the bus need to be capable of doing it, so this is something which needs
 to be handled by platform and generic code, not individual drivers.
 
 
-8. Obsolete functions
+8. Vendor and device identifications
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+For the future, let's avoid adding device ids to include/linux/pci_ids.h.
+
+PCI_VENDOR_ID_xxx for vendors, and a hex constant for device ids.
+
+Rationale:  PCI_VENDOR_ID_xxx constants are re-used, but device ids are not.
+    Further, device ids are arbitrary hex numbers, normally used only in a
+    single location, the pci_device_id table.
+
+9. Obsolete functions
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 There are several functions which you might come across when trying to
 port an old driver to the new PCI interface.  They are no longer present
diff --git a/Documentation/power/video.txt b/Documentation/power/video.txt
index d18a57d1a531..43a889f8f08d 100644
--- a/Documentation/power/video.txt
+++ b/Documentation/power/video.txt
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ IBM TP T41p			s3_bios (2), switch to X after resume
 IBM TP T42			s3_bios (2)
 IBM ThinkPad T42p (2373-GTG)	s3_bios (2)
 IBM TP X20			??? (*)
-IBM TP X30			s3_bios (2)
+IBM TP X30			s3_bios, s3_mode (4)
 IBM TP X31 / Type 2672-XXH      none (1), use radeontool (http://fdd.com/software/radeon/) to turn off backlight.
 IBM TP X32			none (1), but backlight is on and video is trashed after long suspend. s3_bios,s3_mode (4) works too. Perhaps that gets better results?
 IBM Thinkpad X40 Type 2371-7JG  s3_bios,s3_mode (4)
diff --git a/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.megaraid b/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.megaraid
index 09f6300eda4b..c173806c91fa 100644
--- a/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.megaraid
+++ b/Documentation/scsi/ChangeLog.megaraid
@@ -1,3 +1,28 @@
+Release Date	: Mon Apr 11 12:27:22 EST 2006 - Seokmann Ju <sju@lsil.com>
+Current Version : 2.20.4.8 (scsi module), 2.20.2.6 (cmm module)
+Older Version	: 2.20.4.7 (scsi module), 2.20.2.6 (cmm module)
+
+1.	Fixed a bug in megaraid_reset_handler().
+	Customer reported "Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference
+	at virtual address 00000000" when system goes to reset condition
+	for some reason. It happened randomly.
+	Root Cause: in the megaraid_reset_handler(), there is possibility not
+	returning pending packets in the pend_list if there are multiple
+	pending packets.
+	Fix: Made the change in the driver so that it will return all packets
+	in the pend_list.
+
+2.	Added change request.
+	As found in the following URL, rmb() only didn't help the
+	problem. I had to increase the loop counter to 0xFFFFFF. (6 F's)
+	http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-scsi&m=110971060502497&w=2
+
+	I attached a patch for your reference, too.
+	Could you check and get this fix in your driver?
+
+	Best Regards,
+	Jun'ichi Nomura
+
 Release Date	: Fri Nov 11 12:27:22 EST 2005 - Seokmann Ju <sju@lsil.com>
 Current Version : 2.20.4.7 (scsi module), 2.20.2.6 (cmm module)
 Older Version	: 2.20.4.6 (scsi module), 2.20.2.6 (cmm module)
diff --git a/Documentation/sound/alsa/Audiophile-Usb.txt b/Documentation/sound/alsa/Audiophile-Usb.txt
index 4692c8e77dc1..b535c2a198f8 100644
--- a/Documentation/sound/alsa/Audiophile-Usb.txt
+++ b/Documentation/sound/alsa/Audiophile-Usb.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-	Guide to using M-Audio Audiophile USB with ALSA and Jack	v1.2
+	Guide to using M-Audio Audiophile USB with ALSA and Jack	v1.3
 	========================================================
 
 	    Thibault Le Meur <Thibault.LeMeur@supelec.fr>
@@ -22,16 +22,16 @@ The device has 4 audio interfaces, and 2 MIDI ports:
  * Midi In (Mi)
  * Midi Out (Mo)
 
-The internal DAC/ADC has the following caracteristics:
+The internal DAC/ADC has the following characteristics:
 * sample depth of 16 or 24 bits
 * sample rate from 8kHz to 96kHz
-* Two ports can't use different sample depths at the same time.Moreover, the 
+* Two ports can't use different sample depths at the same time. Moreover, the 
 Audiophile USB documentation gives the following Warning: "Please exit any 
 audio application running before switching between bit depths"
 
 Due to the USB 1.1 bandwidth limitation, a limited number of interfaces can be 
 activated at the same time depending on the audio mode selected:
- * 16-bit/48kHz ==> 4 channels in/ 4 channels out
+ * 16-bit/48kHz ==> 4 channels in/4 channels out
    - Ai+Ao+Di+Do
  * 24-bit/48kHz ==> 4 channels in/2 channels out, 
                     or 2 channels in/4 channels out
@@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ activated at the same time depending on the audio mode selected:
 
 Important facts about the Digital interface:
 --------------------------------------------
- * The Do port additionnaly supports surround-encoded AC-3 and DTS passthrough, 
-though I haven't tested it under linux
+ * The Do port additionally supports surround-encoded AC-3 and DTS passthrough, 
+though I haven't tested it under Linux
    - Note that in this setup only the Do interface can be enabled
  * Apart from recording an audio digital stream, enabling the Di port is a way 
 to synchronize the device to an external sample clock
@@ -60,24 +60,23 @@ synchronization error (for instance sound played at an odd sample rate)
 The Audiophile USB MIDI ports will be automatically supported once the 
 following modules have been loaded:
  * snd-usb-audio
- * snd-seq
  * snd-seq-midi
 
-No additionnal setting is required.
+No additional setting is required.
 
 2.2 - Audio ports
 -----------------
 
 Audio functions of the Audiophile USB device are handled by the snd-usb-audio 
 module. This module can work in a default mode (without any device-specific 
-parameter), or in an advanced mode with the device-specific parameter called 
+parameter), or in an "advanced" mode with the device-specific parameter called 
 "device_setup".
 
 2.2.1 - Default Alsa driver mode
 
-The default behaviour of the snd-usb-audio driver is to parse the device 
+The default behavior of the snd-usb-audio driver is to parse the device 
 capabilities at startup and enable all functions inside the device (including 
-all ports at any sample rates and any sample depths supported). This approach 
+all ports at any supported sample rates and sample depths). This approach 
 has the advantage to let the driver easily switch from sample rates/depths 
 automatically according to the need of the application claiming the device.
 
@@ -114,9 +113,9 @@ gain).
 For people having this problem, the snd-usb-audio module has a new module 
 parameter called "device_setup".
 
-2.2.2.1 - Initializing the working mode of the Audiohile USB
+2.2.2.1 - Initializing the working mode of the Audiophile USB
 
-As far as the Audiohile USB device is concerned, this value let the user 
+As far as the Audiophile USB device is concerned, this value let the user 
 specify:
  * the sample depth
  * the sample rate
@@ -174,20 +173,20 @@ The parameter can be given:
 
 IMPORTANT NOTE WHEN SWITCHING CONFIGURATION:
 -------------------------------------------
- * You may need to _first_ intialize the module with the correct device_setup 
+ * You may need to _first_ initialize the module with the correct device_setup 
    parameter and _only_after_ turn on the Audiophile USB device
  * This is especially true when switching the sample depth:
-   - first trun off the device
-   - de-register the snd-usb-audio module
-   - change the device_setup parameter (by either manually reprobing the module 
-     or changing modprobe.conf)
+   - first turn off the device
+   - de-register the snd-usb-audio module (modprobe -r)
+   - change the device_setup parameter by changing the device_setup
+     option in /etc/modprobe.conf 
    - turn on the device
 
 2.2.2.3 - Audiophile USB's device_setup structure
 
 If you want to understand the device_setup magic numbers for the Audiophile 
 USB, you need some very basic understanding of binary computation. However, 
-this is not required to use the parameter and you may skip thi section.
+this is not required to use the parameter and you may skip this section.
 
 The device_setup is one byte long and its structure is the following:
 
@@ -231,11 +230,11 @@ Caution:
 
 2.2.3 -  USB implementation details for this device
 
-You may safely skip this section if you're not interrested in driver 
+You may safely skip this section if you're not interested in driver 
 development.
 
-This section describes some internals aspect of the device and summarize the 
-data I got by usb-snooping the windows and linux drivers.
+This section describes some internal aspects of the device and summarize the 
+data I got by usb-snooping the windows and Linux drivers.
 
 The M-Audio Audiophile USB has 7 USB Interfaces:
 a "USB interface":
@@ -277,9 +276,9 @@ Here is a short description of the AltSettings capabilities:
   - 16-bit depth, 8-48kHz sample mode
   - Synch playback (Do), audio format type III IEC1937_AC-3
 
-In order to ensure a correct intialization of the device, the driver 
+In order to ensure a correct initialization of the device, the driver 
 _must_know_ how the device will be used:
- * if DTS is choosen, only Interface 2 with AltSet nb.6 must be
+ * if DTS is chosen, only Interface 2 with AltSet nb.6 must be
    registered
  * if 96KHz only AltSets nb.1 of each interface must be selected
  * if samples are using 24bits/48KHz then AltSet 2 must me used if
@@ -290,7 +289,7 @@ _must_know_ how the device will be used:
    is not connected
 
 When device_setup is given as a parameter to the snd-usb-audio module, the 
-parse_audio_enpoint function uses a quirk called 
+parse_audio_endpoints function uses a quirk called 
 "audiophile_skip_setting_quirk" in order to prevent AltSettings not 
 corresponding to device_setup from being registered in the driver.
 
@@ -317,9 +316,8 @@ However you may see the following warning message:
 using the "default" ALSA device. This is less efficient than it could be. 
 Consider using a hardware device instead rather than using the plug layer."
 
-
 3.2 - Patching alsa to use direct pcm device
--------------------------------------------
+--------------------------------------------
 A patch for Jack by Andreas Steinmetz adds support for Big Endian devices. 
 However it has not been included in the CVS tree.
 
@@ -331,3 +329,32 @@ After having applied the patch you can run jackd with the following command
 line:
   % jackd -R -dalsa -Phw:1,0 -r48000 -p128 -n2 -D -Chw:1,1
 
+3.2 - Getting 2 input and/or output interfaces in Jack
+------------------------------------------------------
+
+As you can see, starting the Jack server this way will only enable 1 stereo
+input (Di or Ai) and 1 stereo output (Ao or Do).
+
+This is due to the following restrictions:
+* Jack can only open one capture device and one playback device at a time
+* The Audiophile USB is seen as 2 (or three) Alsa devices: hw:1,0, hw:1,1
+  (and optionally hw:1,2)
+If you want to get Ai+Di and/or Ao+Do support with Jack, you would need to
+combine the Alsa devices into one logical "complex" device.
+
+If you want to give it a try, I recommend reading the information from
+this page: http://www.sound-man.co.uk/linuxaudio/ice1712multi.html
+It is related to another device (ice1712) but can be adapted to suit
+the Audiophile USB.
+
+Enabling multiple Audiophile USB interfaces for Jackd will certainly require:
+* patching Jack with the previously mentioned "Big Endian" patch
+* patching Jackd with the MMAP_COMPLEX patch (see the ice1712 page)
+* patching the alsa-lib/src/pcm/pcm_multi.c file (see the ice1712 page)
+* define a multi device (combination of hw:1,0 and hw:1,1) in your .asoundrc
+  file 
+* start jackd with this device
+
+I had no success in testing this for now, but this may be due to my OS
+configuration. If you have any success with this kind of setup, please
+drop me an email.
diff --git a/Documentation/sound/alsa/DocBook/writing-an-alsa-driver.tmpl b/Documentation/sound/alsa/DocBook/writing-an-alsa-driver.tmpl
index 68eeebc17ff4..1faf76383bab 100644
--- a/Documentation/sound/alsa/DocBook/writing-an-alsa-driver.tmpl
+++ b/Documentation/sound/alsa/DocBook/writing-an-alsa-driver.tmpl
@@ -1172,7 +1172,7 @@
   }        
 
   /* PCI IDs */
-  static struct pci_device_id snd_mychip_ids[] = {
+  static struct pci_device_id snd_mychip_ids[] __devinitdata = {
           { PCI_VENDOR_ID_FOO, PCI_DEVICE_ID_BAR,
             PCI_ANY_ID, PCI_ANY_ID, 0, 0, 0, },
           ....
@@ -1565,7 +1565,7 @@
         <informalexample>
           <programlisting>
 <![CDATA[
-  static struct pci_device_id snd_mychip_ids[] = {
+  static struct pci_device_id snd_mychip_ids[] __devinitdata = {
           { PCI_VENDOR_ID_FOO, PCI_DEVICE_ID_BAR,
             PCI_ANY_ID, PCI_ANY_ID, 0, 0, 0, },
           ....