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authorMauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org>2019-07-26 09:51:16 -0300
committerJonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>2019-07-31 13:25:27 -0600
commitccf988b66d697efcd0ceccc2398e0d9b909cd17c (patch)
tree94022b812a20419675e4cac5af1540d75523d31d /Documentation/i2c/fault-codes
parent09f4c750a8c7d1fc0b7bb3a7aa1de55de897a375 (diff)
downloadlinux-ccf988b66d697efcd0ceccc2398e0d9b909cd17c.tar.bz2
docs: i2c: convert to ReST and add to driver-api bookset
Convert each file at I2C subsystem, renaming them to .rst and adding to the driver-api book. Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org> Acked-by: Wolfram Sang <wsa@the-dreams.de> Acked-by: Alexandre Belloni <alexandre.belloni@bootlin.com> Acked-by: Jonathan Cameron <Jonathan.Cameron@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
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-This is a summary of the most important conventions for use of fault
-codes in the I2C/SMBus stack.
-
-
-A "Fault" is not always an "Error"
-----------------------------------
-Not all fault reports imply errors; "page faults" should be a familiar
-example. Software often retries idempotent operations after transient
-faults. There may be fancier recovery schemes that are appropriate in
-some cases, such as re-initializing (and maybe resetting). After such
-recovery, triggered by a fault report, there is no error.
-
-In a similar way, sometimes a "fault" code just reports one defined
-result for an operation ... it doesn't indicate that anything is wrong
-at all, just that the outcome wasn't on the "golden path".
-
-In short, your I2C driver code may need to know these codes in order
-to respond correctly. Other code may need to rely on YOUR code reporting
-the right fault code, so that it can (in turn) behave correctly.
-
-
-I2C and SMBus fault codes
--------------------------
-These are returned as negative numbers from most calls, with zero or
-some positive number indicating a non-fault return. The specific
-numbers associated with these symbols differ between architectures,
-though most Linux systems use <asm-generic/errno*.h> numbering.
-
-Note that the descriptions here are not exhaustive. There are other
-codes that may be returned, and other cases where these codes should
-be returned. However, drivers should not return other codes for these
-cases (unless the hardware doesn't provide unique fault reports).
-
-Also, codes returned by adapter probe methods follow rules which are
-specific to their host bus (such as PCI, or the platform bus).
-
-
-EAGAIN
- Returned by I2C adapters when they lose arbitration in master
- transmit mode: some other master was transmitting different
- data at the same time.
-
- Also returned when trying to invoke an I2C operation in an
- atomic context, when some task is already using that I2C bus
- to execute some other operation.
-
-EBADMSG
- Returned by SMBus logic when an invalid Packet Error Code byte
- is received. This code is a CRC covering all bytes in the
- transaction, and is sent before the terminating STOP. This
- fault is only reported on read transactions; the SMBus slave
- may have a way to report PEC mismatches on writes from the
- host. Note that even if PECs are in use, you should not rely
- on these as the only way to detect incorrect data transfers.
-
-EBUSY
- Returned by SMBus adapters when the bus was busy for longer
- than allowed. This usually indicates some device (maybe the
- SMBus adapter) needs some fault recovery (such as resetting),
- or that the reset was attempted but failed.
-
-EINVAL
- This rather vague error means an invalid parameter has been
- detected before any I/O operation was started. Use a more
- specific fault code when you can.
-
-EIO
- This rather vague error means something went wrong when
- performing an I/O operation. Use a more specific fault
- code when you can.
-
-ENODEV
- Returned by driver probe() methods. This is a bit more
- specific than ENXIO, implying the problem isn't with the
- address, but with the device found there. Driver probes
- may verify the device returns *correct* responses, and
- return this as appropriate. (The driver core will warn
- about probe faults other than ENXIO and ENODEV.)
-
-ENOMEM
- Returned by any component that can't allocate memory when
- it needs to do so.
-
-ENXIO
- Returned by I2C adapters to indicate that the address phase
- of a transfer didn't get an ACK. While it might just mean
- an I2C device was temporarily not responding, usually it
- means there's nothing listening at that address.
-
- Returned by driver probe() methods to indicate that they
- found no device to bind to. (ENODEV may also be used.)
-
-EOPNOTSUPP
- Returned by an adapter when asked to perform an operation
- that it doesn't, or can't, support.
-
- For example, this would be returned when an adapter that
- doesn't support SMBus block transfers is asked to execute
- one. In that case, the driver making that request should
- have verified that functionality was supported before it
- made that block transfer request.
-
- Similarly, if an I2C adapter can't execute all legal I2C
- messages, it should return this when asked to perform a
- transaction it can't. (These limitations can't be seen in
- the adapter's functionality mask, since the assumption is
- that if an adapter supports I2C it supports all of I2C.)
-
-EPROTO
- Returned when slave does not conform to the relevant I2C
- or SMBus (or chip-specific) protocol specifications. One
- case is when the length of an SMBus block data response
- (from the SMBus slave) is outside the range 1-32 bytes.
-
-ESHUTDOWN
- Returned when a transfer was requested using an adapter
- which is already suspended.
-
-ETIMEDOUT
- This is returned by drivers when an operation took too much
- time, and was aborted before it completed.
-
- SMBus adapters may return it when an operation took more
- time than allowed by the SMBus specification; for example,
- when a slave stretches clocks too far. I2C has no such
- timeouts, but it's normal for I2C adapters to impose some
- arbitrary limits (much longer than SMBus!) too.
-