From 6d94e741a8ff818e5518da8257f5ca0aaed1f269 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Alexei Starovoitov Date: Tue, 10 Nov 2020 19:12:11 -0800 Subject: bpf: Support for pointers beyond pkt_end. This patch adds the verifier support to recognize inlined branch conditions. The LLVM knows that the branch evaluates to the same value, but the verifier couldn't track it. Hence causing valid programs to be rejected. The potential LLVM workaround: https://reviews.llvm.org/D87428 can have undesired side effects, since LLVM doesn't know that skb->data/data_end are being compared. LLVM has to introduce extra boolean variable and use inline_asm trick to force easier for the verifier assembly. Instead teach the verifier to recognize that r1 = skb->data; r1 += 10; r2 = skb->data_end; if (r1 > r2) { here r1 points beyond packet_end and subsequent if (r1 > r2) // always evaluates to "true". } Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann Tested-by: Jiri Olsa Acked-by: John Fastabend Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201111031213.25109-2-alexei.starovoitov@gmail.com --- include/linux/bpf_verifier.h | 2 +- kernel/bpf/verifier.c | 129 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------- 2 files changed, 108 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-) diff --git a/include/linux/bpf_verifier.h b/include/linux/bpf_verifier.h index e83ef6f6bf43..306869d4743b 100644 --- a/include/linux/bpf_verifier.h +++ b/include/linux/bpf_verifier.h @@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ struct bpf_reg_state { enum bpf_reg_type type; union { /* valid when type == PTR_TO_PACKET */ - u16 range; + int range; /* valid when type == CONST_PTR_TO_MAP | PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE | * PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE_OR_NULL diff --git a/kernel/bpf/verifier.c b/kernel/bpf/verifier.c index 10da26e55130..7b1f85aa9741 100644 --- a/kernel/bpf/verifier.c +++ b/kernel/bpf/verifier.c @@ -2739,7 +2739,9 @@ static int check_packet_access(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, u32 regno, int off, regno); return -EACCES; } - err = __check_mem_access(env, regno, off, size, reg->range, + + err = reg->range < 0 ? -EINVAL : + __check_mem_access(env, regno, off, size, reg->range, zero_size_allowed); if (err) { verbose(env, "R%d offset is outside of the packet\n", regno); @@ -4697,6 +4699,32 @@ static void clear_all_pkt_pointers(struct bpf_verifier_env *env) __clear_all_pkt_pointers(env, vstate->frame[i]); } +enum { + AT_PKT_END = -1, + BEYOND_PKT_END = -2, +}; + +static void mark_pkt_end(struct bpf_verifier_state *vstate, int regn, bool range_open) +{ + struct bpf_func_state *state = vstate->frame[vstate->curframe]; + struct bpf_reg_state *reg = &state->regs[regn]; + + if (reg->type != PTR_TO_PACKET) + /* PTR_TO_PACKET_META is not supported yet */ + return; + + /* The 'reg' is pkt > pkt_end or pkt >= pkt_end. + * How far beyond pkt_end it goes is unknown. + * if (!range_open) it's the case of pkt >= pkt_end + * if (range_open) it's the case of pkt > pkt_end + * hence this pointer is at least 1 byte bigger than pkt_end + */ + if (range_open) + reg->range = BEYOND_PKT_END; + else + reg->range = AT_PKT_END; +} + static void release_reg_references(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, struct bpf_func_state *state, int ref_obj_id) @@ -6708,7 +6736,7 @@ static int check_alu_op(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, struct bpf_insn *insn) static void __find_good_pkt_pointers(struct bpf_func_state *state, struct bpf_reg_state *dst_reg, - enum bpf_reg_type type, u16 new_range) + enum bpf_reg_type type, int new_range) { struct bpf_reg_state *reg; int i; @@ -6733,8 +6761,7 @@ static void find_good_pkt_pointers(struct bpf_verifier_state *vstate, enum bpf_reg_type type, bool range_right_open) { - u16 new_range; - int i; + int new_range, i; if (dst_reg->off < 0 || (dst_reg->off == 0 && range_right_open)) @@ -6985,6 +7012,67 @@ static int is_branch_taken(struct bpf_reg_state *reg, u64 val, u8 opcode, return is_branch64_taken(reg, val, opcode); } +static int flip_opcode(u32 opcode) +{ + /* How can we transform "a b" into "b a"? */ + static const u8 opcode_flip[16] = { + /* these stay the same */ + [BPF_JEQ >> 4] = BPF_JEQ, + [BPF_JNE >> 4] = BPF_JNE, + [BPF_JSET >> 4] = BPF_JSET, + /* these swap "lesser" and "greater" (L and G in the opcodes) */ + [BPF_JGE >> 4] = BPF_JLE, + [BPF_JGT >> 4] = BPF_JLT, + [BPF_JLE >> 4] = BPF_JGE, + [BPF_JLT >> 4] = BPF_JGT, + [BPF_JSGE >> 4] = BPF_JSLE, + [BPF_JSGT >> 4] = BPF_JSLT, + [BPF_JSLE >> 4] = BPF_JSGE, + [BPF_JSLT >> 4] = BPF_JSGT + }; + return opcode_flip[opcode >> 4]; +} + +static int is_pkt_ptr_branch_taken(struct bpf_reg_state *dst_reg, + struct bpf_reg_state *src_reg, + u8 opcode) +{ + struct bpf_reg_state *pkt; + + if (src_reg->type == PTR_TO_PACKET_END) { + pkt = dst_reg; + } else if (dst_reg->type == PTR_TO_PACKET_END) { + pkt = src_reg; + opcode = flip_opcode(opcode); + } else { + return -1; + } + + if (pkt->range >= 0) + return -1; + + switch (opcode) { + case BPF_JLE: + /* pkt <= pkt_end */ + fallthrough; + case BPF_JGT: + /* pkt > pkt_end */ + if (pkt->range == BEYOND_PKT_END) + /* pkt has at last one extra byte beyond pkt_end */ + return opcode == BPF_JGT; + break; + case BPF_JLT: + /* pkt < pkt_end */ + fallthrough; + case BPF_JGE: + /* pkt >= pkt_end */ + if (pkt->range == BEYOND_PKT_END || pkt->range == AT_PKT_END) + return opcode == BPF_JGE; + break; + } + return -1; +} + /* Adjusts the register min/max values in the case that the dst_reg is the * variable register that we are working on, and src_reg is a constant or we're * simply doing a BPF_K check. @@ -7148,23 +7236,7 @@ static void reg_set_min_max_inv(struct bpf_reg_state *true_reg, u64 val, u32 val32, u8 opcode, bool is_jmp32) { - /* How can we transform "a b" into "b a"? */ - static const u8 opcode_flip[16] = { - /* these stay the same */ - [BPF_JEQ >> 4] = BPF_JEQ, - [BPF_JNE >> 4] = BPF_JNE, - [BPF_JSET >> 4] = BPF_JSET, - /* these swap "lesser" and "greater" (L and G in the opcodes) */ - [BPF_JGE >> 4] = BPF_JLE, - [BPF_JGT >> 4] = BPF_JLT, - [BPF_JLE >> 4] = BPF_JGE, - [BPF_JLT >> 4] = BPF_JGT, - [BPF_JSGE >> 4] = BPF_JSLE, - [BPF_JSGT >> 4] = BPF_JSLT, - [BPF_JSLE >> 4] = BPF_JSGE, - [BPF_JSLT >> 4] = BPF_JSGT - }; - opcode = opcode_flip[opcode >> 4]; + opcode = flip_opcode(opcode); /* This uses zero as "not present in table"; luckily the zero opcode, * BPF_JA, can't get here. */ @@ -7346,6 +7418,7 @@ static bool try_match_pkt_pointers(const struct bpf_insn *insn, /* pkt_data' > pkt_end, pkt_meta' > pkt_data */ find_good_pkt_pointers(this_branch, dst_reg, dst_reg->type, false); + mark_pkt_end(other_branch, insn->dst_reg, true); } else if ((dst_reg->type == PTR_TO_PACKET_END && src_reg->type == PTR_TO_PACKET) || (reg_is_init_pkt_pointer(dst_reg, PTR_TO_PACKET) && @@ -7353,6 +7426,7 @@ static bool try_match_pkt_pointers(const struct bpf_insn *insn, /* pkt_end > pkt_data', pkt_data > pkt_meta' */ find_good_pkt_pointers(other_branch, src_reg, src_reg->type, true); + mark_pkt_end(this_branch, insn->src_reg, false); } else { return false; } @@ -7365,6 +7439,7 @@ static bool try_match_pkt_pointers(const struct bpf_insn *insn, /* pkt_data' < pkt_end, pkt_meta' < pkt_data */ find_good_pkt_pointers(other_branch, dst_reg, dst_reg->type, true); + mark_pkt_end(this_branch, insn->dst_reg, false); } else if ((dst_reg->type == PTR_TO_PACKET_END && src_reg->type == PTR_TO_PACKET) || (reg_is_init_pkt_pointer(dst_reg, PTR_TO_PACKET) && @@ -7372,6 +7447,7 @@ static bool try_match_pkt_pointers(const struct bpf_insn *insn, /* pkt_end < pkt_data', pkt_data > pkt_meta' */ find_good_pkt_pointers(this_branch, src_reg, src_reg->type, false); + mark_pkt_end(other_branch, insn->src_reg, true); } else { return false; } @@ -7384,6 +7460,7 @@ static bool try_match_pkt_pointers(const struct bpf_insn *insn, /* pkt_data' >= pkt_end, pkt_meta' >= pkt_data */ find_good_pkt_pointers(this_branch, dst_reg, dst_reg->type, true); + mark_pkt_end(other_branch, insn->dst_reg, false); } else if ((dst_reg->type == PTR_TO_PACKET_END && src_reg->type == PTR_TO_PACKET) || (reg_is_init_pkt_pointer(dst_reg, PTR_TO_PACKET) && @@ -7391,6 +7468,7 @@ static bool try_match_pkt_pointers(const struct bpf_insn *insn, /* pkt_end >= pkt_data', pkt_data >= pkt_meta' */ find_good_pkt_pointers(other_branch, src_reg, src_reg->type, false); + mark_pkt_end(this_branch, insn->src_reg, true); } else { return false; } @@ -7403,6 +7481,7 @@ static bool try_match_pkt_pointers(const struct bpf_insn *insn, /* pkt_data' <= pkt_end, pkt_meta' <= pkt_data */ find_good_pkt_pointers(other_branch, dst_reg, dst_reg->type, false); + mark_pkt_end(this_branch, insn->dst_reg, true); } else if ((dst_reg->type == PTR_TO_PACKET_END && src_reg->type == PTR_TO_PACKET) || (reg_is_init_pkt_pointer(dst_reg, PTR_TO_PACKET) && @@ -7410,6 +7489,7 @@ static bool try_match_pkt_pointers(const struct bpf_insn *insn, /* pkt_end <= pkt_data', pkt_data <= pkt_meta' */ find_good_pkt_pointers(this_branch, src_reg, src_reg->type, true); + mark_pkt_end(other_branch, insn->src_reg, false); } else { return false; } @@ -7509,6 +7589,10 @@ static int check_cond_jmp_op(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, src_reg->var_off.value, opcode, is_jmp32); + } else if (reg_is_pkt_pointer_any(dst_reg) && + reg_is_pkt_pointer_any(src_reg) && + !is_jmp32) { + pred = is_pkt_ptr_branch_taken(dst_reg, src_reg, opcode); } if (pred >= 0) { @@ -7517,7 +7601,8 @@ static int check_cond_jmp_op(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, */ if (!__is_pointer_value(false, dst_reg)) err = mark_chain_precision(env, insn->dst_reg); - if (BPF_SRC(insn->code) == BPF_X && !err) + if (BPF_SRC(insn->code) == BPF_X && !err && + !__is_pointer_value(false, src_reg)) err = mark_chain_precision(env, insn->src_reg); if (err) return err; -- cgit v1.2.3 From 9cc873e85800ccde80aa2e4b2bae9f1b5fa4c478 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Alexei Starovoitov Date: Tue, 10 Nov 2020 19:12:12 -0800 Subject: selftests/bpf: Add skb_pkt_end test Add a test that currently makes LLVM generate assembly code: $ llvm-objdump -S skb_pkt_end.o 0000000000000000 : ; if (skb_shorter(skb, ETH_IPV4_TCP_SIZE)) 0: 61 12 50 00 00 00 00 00 r2 = *(u32 *)(r1 + 80) 1: 61 14 4c 00 00 00 00 00 r4 = *(u32 *)(r1 + 76) 2: bf 43 00 00 00 00 00 00 r3 = r4 3: 07 03 00 00 36 00 00 00 r3 += 54 4: b7 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 r1 = 0 5: 2d 23 02 00 00 00 00 00 if r3 > r2 goto +2 6: 07 04 00 00 0e 00 00 00 r4 += 14 ; if (skb_shorter(skb, ETH_IPV4_TCP_SIZE)) 7: bf 41 00 00 00 00 00 00 r1 = r4 0000000000000040 : 8: b4 00 00 00 ff ff ff ff w0 = -1 ; if (!(ip = get_iphdr(skb))) 9: 2d 23 05 00 00 00 00 00 if r3 > r2 goto +5 ; proto = ip->protocol; 10: 71 12 09 00 00 00 00 00 r2 = *(u8 *)(r1 + 9) ; if (proto != IPPROTO_TCP) 11: 56 02 03 00 06 00 00 00 if w2 != 6 goto +3 ; if (tcp->dest != 0) 12: 69 12 16 00 00 00 00 00 r2 = *(u16 *)(r1 + 22) 13: 56 02 01 00 00 00 00 00 if w2 != 0 goto +1 ; return tcp->urg_ptr; 14: 69 10 26 00 00 00 00 00 r0 = *(u16 *)(r1 + 38) 0000000000000078 : ; } 15: 95 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 exit Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann Acked-by: John Fastabend Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201111031213.25109-3-alexei.starovoitov@gmail.com --- .../selftests/bpf/prog_tests/test_skb_pkt_end.c | 41 ++++++++++++++++ tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/skb_pkt_end.c | 54 ++++++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 95 insertions(+) create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/test_skb_pkt_end.c create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/skb_pkt_end.c diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/test_skb_pkt_end.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/test_skb_pkt_end.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..cf1215531920 --- /dev/null +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/test_skb_pkt_end.c @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 +/* Copyright (c) 2020 Facebook */ +#include +#include +#include "skb_pkt_end.skel.h" + +static int sanity_run(struct bpf_program *prog) +{ + __u32 duration, retval; + int err, prog_fd; + + prog_fd = bpf_program__fd(prog); + err = bpf_prog_test_run(prog_fd, 1, &pkt_v4, sizeof(pkt_v4), + NULL, NULL, &retval, &duration); + if (CHECK(err || retval != 123, "test_run", + "err %d errno %d retval %d duration %d\n", + err, errno, retval, duration)) + return -1; + return 0; +} + +void test_test_skb_pkt_end(void) +{ + struct skb_pkt_end *skb_pkt_end_skel = NULL; + __u32 duration = 0; + int err; + + skb_pkt_end_skel = skb_pkt_end__open_and_load(); + if (CHECK(!skb_pkt_end_skel, "skb_pkt_end_skel_load", "skb_pkt_end skeleton failed\n")) + goto cleanup; + + err = skb_pkt_end__attach(skb_pkt_end_skel); + if (CHECK(err, "skb_pkt_end_attach", "skb_pkt_end attach failed: %d\n", err)) + goto cleanup; + + if (sanity_run(skb_pkt_end_skel->progs.main_prog)) + goto cleanup; + +cleanup: + skb_pkt_end__destroy(skb_pkt_end_skel); +} diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/skb_pkt_end.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/skb_pkt_end.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..cf6823f42e80 --- /dev/null +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/skb_pkt_end.c @@ -0,0 +1,54 @@ +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 +#define BPF_NO_PRESERVE_ACCESS_INDEX +#include +#include +#include + +#define NULL 0 +#define INLINE __always_inline + +#define skb_shorter(skb, len) ((void *)(long)(skb)->data + (len) > (void *)(long)skb->data_end) + +#define ETH_IPV4_TCP_SIZE (14 + sizeof(struct iphdr) + sizeof(struct tcphdr)) + +static INLINE struct iphdr *get_iphdr(struct __sk_buff *skb) +{ + struct iphdr *ip = NULL; + struct ethhdr *eth; + + if (skb_shorter(skb, ETH_IPV4_TCP_SIZE)) + goto out; + + eth = (void *)(long)skb->data; + ip = (void *)(eth + 1); + +out: + return ip; +} + +SEC("classifier/cls") +int main_prog(struct __sk_buff *skb) +{ + struct iphdr *ip = NULL; + struct tcphdr *tcp; + __u8 proto = 0; + + if (!(ip = get_iphdr(skb))) + goto out; + + proto = ip->protocol; + + if (proto != IPPROTO_TCP) + goto out; + + tcp = (void*)(ip + 1); + if (tcp->dest != 0) + goto out; + if (!tcp) + goto out; + + return tcp->urg_ptr; +out: + return -1; +} +char _license[] SEC("license") = "GPL"; -- cgit v1.2.3 From cb62d34019d9117bb94de6ed35959449d43d6055 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Alexei Starovoitov Date: Tue, 10 Nov 2020 19:12:13 -0800 Subject: selftests/bpf: Add asm tests for pkt vs pkt_end comparison. Add few assembly tests for packet comparison. Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann Tested-by: Jiri Olsa Acked-by: John Fastabend Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201111031213.25109-4-alexei.starovoitov@gmail.com --- tools/testing/selftests/bpf/verifier/ctx_skb.c | 42 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 42 insertions(+) diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/verifier/ctx_skb.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/verifier/ctx_skb.c index 2e16b8e268f2..2022c0f2cd75 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/verifier/ctx_skb.c +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/verifier/ctx_skb.c @@ -1089,3 +1089,45 @@ .errstr_unpriv = "R1 leaks addr", .result = REJECT, }, +{ + "pkt > pkt_end taken check", + .insns = { + BPF_LDX_MEM(BPF_W, BPF_REG_2, BPF_REG_1, // 0. r2 = *(u32 *)(r1 + data_end) + offsetof(struct __sk_buff, data_end)), + BPF_LDX_MEM(BPF_W, BPF_REG_4, BPF_REG_1, // 1. r4 = *(u32 *)(r1 + data) + offsetof(struct __sk_buff, data)), + BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_3, BPF_REG_4), // 2. r3 = r4 + BPF_ALU64_IMM(BPF_ADD, BPF_REG_3, 42), // 3. r3 += 42 + BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_1, 0), // 4. r1 = 0 + BPF_JMP_REG(BPF_JGT, BPF_REG_3, BPF_REG_2, 2), // 5. if r3 > r2 goto 8 + BPF_ALU64_IMM(BPF_ADD, BPF_REG_4, 14), // 6. r4 += 14 + BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_1, BPF_REG_4), // 7. r1 = r4 + BPF_JMP_REG(BPF_JGT, BPF_REG_3, BPF_REG_2, 1), // 8. if r3 > r2 goto 10 + BPF_LDX_MEM(BPF_H, BPF_REG_2, BPF_REG_1, 9), // 9. r2 = *(u8 *)(r1 + 9) + BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_0, 0), // 10. r0 = 0 + BPF_EXIT_INSN(), // 11. exit + }, + .result = ACCEPT, + .prog_type = BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_SKB, +}, +{ + "pkt_end < pkt taken check", + .insns = { + BPF_LDX_MEM(BPF_W, BPF_REG_2, BPF_REG_1, // 0. r2 = *(u32 *)(r1 + data_end) + offsetof(struct __sk_buff, data_end)), + BPF_LDX_MEM(BPF_W, BPF_REG_4, BPF_REG_1, // 1. r4 = *(u32 *)(r1 + data) + offsetof(struct __sk_buff, data)), + BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_3, BPF_REG_4), // 2. r3 = r4 + BPF_ALU64_IMM(BPF_ADD, BPF_REG_3, 42), // 3. r3 += 42 + BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_1, 0), // 4. r1 = 0 + BPF_JMP_REG(BPF_JGT, BPF_REG_3, BPF_REG_2, 2), // 5. if r3 > r2 goto 8 + BPF_ALU64_IMM(BPF_ADD, BPF_REG_4, 14), // 6. r4 += 14 + BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_1, BPF_REG_4), // 7. r1 = r4 + BPF_JMP_REG(BPF_JLT, BPF_REG_2, BPF_REG_3, 1), // 8. if r2 < r3 goto 10 + BPF_LDX_MEM(BPF_H, BPF_REG_2, BPF_REG_1, 9), // 9. r2 = *(u8 *)(r1 + 9) + BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_0, 0), // 10. r0 = 0 + BPF_EXIT_INSN(), // 11. exit + }, + .result = ACCEPT, + .prog_type = BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_SKB, +}, -- cgit v1.2.3