KVM: Move arch dependent files to new directory arch/x86/kvm/

This paves the way for multiple architecture support.  Note that while
ioapic.c could potentially be shared with ia64, it is also moved.

Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com>

1 files changed, 1805 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/mmu.c b/arch/x86/kvm/mmu.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..401eb7ce3207
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/mmu.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1805 @@
+/*
+ * Kernel-based Virtual Machine driver for Linux
+ *
+ * This module enables machines with Intel VT-x extensions to run virtual
+ * machines without emulation or binary translation.
+ *
+ * MMU support
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2006 Qumranet, Inc.
+ *
+ * Authors:
+ *   Yaniv Kamay  <yaniv@qumranet.com>
+ *   Avi Kivity   <avi@qumranet.com>
+ *
+ * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2.  See
+ * the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "vmx.h"
+#include "mmu.h"
+
+#include <linux/kvm_host.h>
+#include <linux/types.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/mm.h>
+#include <linux/highmem.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/swap.h>
+
+#include <asm/page.h>
+#include <asm/cmpxchg.h>
+#include <asm/io.h>
+
+#undef MMU_DEBUG
+
+#undef AUDIT
+
+#ifdef AUDIT
+static void kvm_mmu_audit(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, const char *msg);
+#else
+static void kvm_mmu_audit(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, const char *msg) {}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef MMU_DEBUG
+
+#define pgprintk(x...) do { if (dbg) printk(x); } while (0)
+#define rmap_printk(x...) do { if (dbg) printk(x); } while (0)
+
+#else
+
+#define pgprintk(x...) do { } while (0)
+#define rmap_printk(x...) do { } while (0)
+
+#endif
+
+#if defined(MMU_DEBUG) || defined(AUDIT)
+static int dbg = 1;
+#endif
+
+#ifndef MMU_DEBUG
+#define ASSERT(x) do { } while (0)
+#else
+#define ASSERT(x)							\
+	if (!(x)) {							\
+		printk(KERN_WARNING "assertion failed %s:%d: %s\n",	\
+		       __FILE__, __LINE__, #x);				\
+	}
+#endif
+
+#define PT64_PT_BITS 9
+#define PT64_ENT_PER_PAGE (1 << PT64_PT_BITS)
+#define PT32_PT_BITS 10
+#define PT32_ENT_PER_PAGE (1 << PT32_PT_BITS)
+
+#define PT_WRITABLE_SHIFT 1
+
+#define PT_PRESENT_MASK (1ULL << 0)
+#define PT_WRITABLE_MASK (1ULL << PT_WRITABLE_SHIFT)
+#define PT_USER_MASK (1ULL << 2)
+#define PT_PWT_MASK (1ULL << 3)
+#define PT_PCD_MASK (1ULL << 4)
+#define PT_ACCESSED_MASK (1ULL << 5)
+#define PT_DIRTY_MASK (1ULL << 6)
+#define PT_PAGE_SIZE_MASK (1ULL << 7)
+#define PT_PAT_MASK (1ULL << 7)
+#define PT_GLOBAL_MASK (1ULL << 8)
+#define PT64_NX_SHIFT 63
+#define PT64_NX_MASK (1ULL << PT64_NX_SHIFT)
+
+#define PT_PAT_SHIFT 7
+#define PT_DIR_PAT_SHIFT 12
+#define PT_DIR_PAT_MASK (1ULL << PT_DIR_PAT_SHIFT)
+
+#define PT32_DIR_PSE36_SIZE 4
+#define PT32_DIR_PSE36_SHIFT 13
+#define PT32_DIR_PSE36_MASK \
+	(((1ULL << PT32_DIR_PSE36_SIZE) - 1) << PT32_DIR_PSE36_SHIFT)
+
+
+#define PT_FIRST_AVAIL_BITS_SHIFT 9
+#define PT64_SECOND_AVAIL_BITS_SHIFT 52
+
+#define PT_SHADOW_IO_MARK (1ULL << PT_FIRST_AVAIL_BITS_SHIFT)
+
+#define VALID_PAGE(x) ((x) != INVALID_PAGE)
+
+#define PT64_LEVEL_BITS 9
+
+#define PT64_LEVEL_SHIFT(level) \
+		(PAGE_SHIFT + (level - 1) * PT64_LEVEL_BITS)
+
+#define PT64_LEVEL_MASK(level) \
+		(((1ULL << PT64_LEVEL_BITS) - 1) << PT64_LEVEL_SHIFT(level))
+
+#define PT64_INDEX(address, level)\
+	(((address) >> PT64_LEVEL_SHIFT(level)) & ((1 << PT64_LEVEL_BITS) - 1))
+
+
+#define PT32_LEVEL_BITS 10
+
+#define PT32_LEVEL_SHIFT(level) \
+		(PAGE_SHIFT + (level - 1) * PT32_LEVEL_BITS)
+
+#define PT32_LEVEL_MASK(level) \
+		(((1ULL << PT32_LEVEL_BITS) - 1) << PT32_LEVEL_SHIFT(level))
+
+#define PT32_INDEX(address, level)\
+	(((address) >> PT32_LEVEL_SHIFT(level)) & ((1 << PT32_LEVEL_BITS) - 1))
+
+
+#define PT64_BASE_ADDR_MASK (((1ULL << 52) - 1) & ~(u64)(PAGE_SIZE-1))
+#define PT64_DIR_BASE_ADDR_MASK \
+	(PT64_BASE_ADDR_MASK & ~((1ULL << (PAGE_SHIFT + PT64_LEVEL_BITS)) - 1))
+
+#define PT32_BASE_ADDR_MASK PAGE_MASK
+#define PT32_DIR_BASE_ADDR_MASK \
+	(PAGE_MASK & ~((1ULL << (PAGE_SHIFT + PT32_LEVEL_BITS)) - 1))
+
+#define PT64_PERM_MASK (PT_PRESENT_MASK | PT_WRITABLE_MASK | PT_USER_MASK \
+			| PT64_NX_MASK)
+
+#define PFERR_PRESENT_MASK (1U << 0)
+#define PFERR_WRITE_MASK (1U << 1)
+#define PFERR_USER_MASK (1U << 2)
+#define PFERR_FETCH_MASK (1U << 4)
+
+#define PT64_ROOT_LEVEL 4
+#define PT32_ROOT_LEVEL 2
+#define PT32E_ROOT_LEVEL 3
+
+#define PT_DIRECTORY_LEVEL 2
+#define PT_PAGE_TABLE_LEVEL 1
+
+#define RMAP_EXT 4
+
+#define ACC_EXEC_MASK    1
+#define ACC_WRITE_MASK   PT_WRITABLE_MASK
+#define ACC_USER_MASK    PT_USER_MASK
+#define ACC_ALL          (ACC_EXEC_MASK | ACC_WRITE_MASK | ACC_USER_MASK)
+
+struct kvm_rmap_desc {
+	u64 *shadow_ptes[RMAP_EXT];
+	struct kvm_rmap_desc *more;
+};
+
+static struct kmem_cache *pte_chain_cache;
+static struct kmem_cache *rmap_desc_cache;
+static struct kmem_cache *mmu_page_header_cache;
+
+static u64 __read_mostly shadow_trap_nonpresent_pte;
+static u64 __read_mostly shadow_notrap_nonpresent_pte;
+
+void kvm_mmu_set_nonpresent_ptes(u64 trap_pte, u64 notrap_pte)
+{
+	shadow_trap_nonpresent_pte = trap_pte;
+	shadow_notrap_nonpresent_pte = notrap_pte;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kvm_mmu_set_nonpresent_ptes);
+
+static int is_write_protection(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	return vcpu->arch.cr0 & X86_CR0_WP;
+}
+
+static int is_cpuid_PSE36(void)
+{
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int is_nx(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	return vcpu->arch.shadow_efer & EFER_NX;
+}
+
+static int is_present_pte(unsigned long pte)
+{
+	return pte & PT_PRESENT_MASK;
+}
+
+static int is_shadow_present_pte(u64 pte)
+{
+	pte &= ~PT_SHADOW_IO_MARK;
+	return pte != shadow_trap_nonpresent_pte
+		&& pte != shadow_notrap_nonpresent_pte;
+}
+
+static int is_writeble_pte(unsigned long pte)
+{
+	return pte & PT_WRITABLE_MASK;
+}
+
+static int is_dirty_pte(unsigned long pte)
+{
+	return pte & PT_DIRTY_MASK;
+}
+
+static int is_io_pte(unsigned long pte)
+{
+	return pte & PT_SHADOW_IO_MARK;
+}
+
+static int is_rmap_pte(u64 pte)
+{
+	return pte != shadow_trap_nonpresent_pte
+		&& pte != shadow_notrap_nonpresent_pte;
+}
+
+static gfn_t pse36_gfn_delta(u32 gpte)
+{
+	int shift = 32 - PT32_DIR_PSE36_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT;
+
+	return (gpte & PT32_DIR_PSE36_MASK) << shift;
+}
+
+static void set_shadow_pte(u64 *sptep, u64 spte)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
+	set_64bit((unsigned long *)sptep, spte);
+#else
+	set_64bit((unsigned long long *)sptep, spte);
+#endif
+}
+
+static int mmu_topup_memory_cache(struct kvm_mmu_memory_cache *cache,
+				  struct kmem_cache *base_cache, int min)
+{
+	void *obj;
+
+	if (cache->nobjs >= min)
+		return 0;
+	while (cache->nobjs < ARRAY_SIZE(cache->objects)) {
+		obj = kmem_cache_zalloc(base_cache, GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!obj)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		cache->objects[cache->nobjs++] = obj;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void mmu_free_memory_cache(struct kvm_mmu_memory_cache *mc)
+{
+	while (mc->nobjs)
+		kfree(mc->objects[--mc->nobjs]);
+}
+
+static int mmu_topup_memory_cache_page(struct kvm_mmu_memory_cache *cache,
+				       int min)
+{
+	struct page *page;
+
+	if (cache->nobjs >= min)
+		return 0;
+	while (cache->nobjs < ARRAY_SIZE(cache->objects)) {
+		page = alloc_page(GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!page)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		set_page_private(page, 0);
+		cache->objects[cache->nobjs++] = page_address(page);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void mmu_free_memory_cache_page(struct kvm_mmu_memory_cache *mc)
+{
+	while (mc->nobjs)
+		free_page((unsigned long)mc->objects[--mc->nobjs]);
+}
+
+static int mmu_topup_memory_caches(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	int r;
+
+	kvm_mmu_free_some_pages(vcpu);
+	r = mmu_topup_memory_cache(&vcpu->arch.mmu_pte_chain_cache,
+				   pte_chain_cache, 4);
+	if (r)
+		goto out;
+	r = mmu_topup_memory_cache(&vcpu->arch.mmu_rmap_desc_cache,
+				   rmap_desc_cache, 1);
+	if (r)
+		goto out;
+	r = mmu_topup_memory_cache_page(&vcpu->arch.mmu_page_cache, 8);
+	if (r)
+		goto out;
+	r = mmu_topup_memory_cache(&vcpu->arch.mmu_page_header_cache,
+				   mmu_page_header_cache, 4);
+out:
+	return r;
+}
+
+static void mmu_free_memory_caches(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	mmu_free_memory_cache(&vcpu->arch.mmu_pte_chain_cache);
+	mmu_free_memory_cache(&vcpu->arch.mmu_rmap_desc_cache);
+	mmu_free_memory_cache_page(&vcpu->arch.mmu_page_cache);
+	mmu_free_memory_cache(&vcpu->arch.mmu_page_header_cache);
+}
+
+static void *mmu_memory_cache_alloc(struct kvm_mmu_memory_cache *mc,
+				    size_t size)
+{
+	void *p;
+
+	BUG_ON(!mc->nobjs);
+	p = mc->objects[--mc->nobjs];
+	memset(p, 0, size);
+	return p;
+}
+
+static struct kvm_pte_chain *mmu_alloc_pte_chain(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	return mmu_memory_cache_alloc(&vcpu->arch.mmu_pte_chain_cache,
+				      sizeof(struct kvm_pte_chain));
+}
+
+static void mmu_free_pte_chain(struct kvm_pte_chain *pc)
+{
+	kfree(pc);
+}
+
+static struct kvm_rmap_desc *mmu_alloc_rmap_desc(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	return mmu_memory_cache_alloc(&vcpu->arch.mmu_rmap_desc_cache,
+				      sizeof(struct kvm_rmap_desc));
+}
+
+static void mmu_free_rmap_desc(struct kvm_rmap_desc *rd)
+{
+	kfree(rd);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Take gfn and return the reverse mapping to it.
+ * Note: gfn must be unaliased before this function get called
+ */
+
+static unsigned long *gfn_to_rmap(struct kvm *kvm, gfn_t gfn)
+{
+	struct kvm_memory_slot *slot;
+
+	slot = gfn_to_memslot(kvm, gfn);
+	return &slot->rmap[gfn - slot->base_gfn];
+}
+
+/*
+ * Reverse mapping data structures:
+ *
+ * If rmapp bit zero is zero, then rmapp point to the shadw page table entry
+ * that points to page_address(page).
+ *
+ * If rmapp bit zero is one, (then rmap & ~1) points to a struct kvm_rmap_desc
+ * containing more mappings.
+ */
+static void rmap_add(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 *spte, gfn_t gfn)
+{
+	struct kvm_mmu_page *sp;
+	struct kvm_rmap_desc *desc;
+	unsigned long *rmapp;
+	int i;
+
+	if (!is_rmap_pte(*spte))
+		return;
+	gfn = unalias_gfn(vcpu->kvm, gfn);
+	sp = page_header(__pa(spte));
+	sp->gfns[spte - sp->spt] = gfn;
+	rmapp = gfn_to_rmap(vcpu->kvm, gfn);
+	if (!*rmapp) {
+		rmap_printk("rmap_add: %p %llx 0->1\n", spte, *spte);
+		*rmapp = (unsigned long)spte;
+	} else if (!(*rmapp & 1)) {
+		rmap_printk("rmap_add: %p %llx 1->many\n", spte, *spte);
+		desc = mmu_alloc_rmap_desc(vcpu);
+		desc->shadow_ptes[0] = (u64 *)*rmapp;
+		desc->shadow_ptes[1] = spte;
+		*rmapp = (unsigned long)desc | 1;
+	} else {
+		rmap_printk("rmap_add: %p %llx many->many\n", spte, *spte);
+		desc = (struct kvm_rmap_desc *)(*rmapp & ~1ul);
+		while (desc->shadow_ptes[RMAP_EXT-1] && desc->more)
+			desc = desc->more;
+		if (desc->shadow_ptes[RMAP_EXT-1]) {
+			desc->more = mmu_alloc_rmap_desc(vcpu);
+			desc = desc->more;
+		}
+		for (i = 0; desc->shadow_ptes[i]; ++i)
+			;
+		desc->shadow_ptes[i] = spte;
+	}
+}
+
+static void rmap_desc_remove_entry(unsigned long *rmapp,
+				   struct kvm_rmap_desc *desc,
+				   int i,
+				   struct kvm_rmap_desc *prev_desc)
+{
+	int j;
+
+	for (j = RMAP_EXT - 1; !desc->shadow_ptes[j] && j > i; --j)
+		;
+	desc->shadow_ptes[i] = desc->shadow_ptes[j];
+	desc->shadow_ptes[j] = NULL;
+	if (j != 0)
+		return;
+	if (!prev_desc && !desc->more)
+		*rmapp = (unsigned long)desc->shadow_ptes[0];
+	else
+		if (prev_desc)
+			prev_desc->more = desc->more;
+		else
+			*rmapp = (unsigned long)desc->more | 1;
+	mmu_free_rmap_desc(desc);
+}
+
+static void rmap_remove(struct kvm *kvm, u64 *spte)
+{
+	struct kvm_rmap_desc *desc;
+	struct kvm_rmap_desc *prev_desc;
+	struct kvm_mmu_page *sp;
+	struct page *page;
+	unsigned long *rmapp;
+	int i;
+
+	if (!is_rmap_pte(*spte))
+		return;
+	sp = page_header(__pa(spte));
+	page = pfn_to_page((*spte & PT64_BASE_ADDR_MASK) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
+	mark_page_accessed(page);
+	if (is_writeble_pte(*spte))
+		kvm_release_page_dirty(page);
+	else
+		kvm_release_page_clean(page);
+	rmapp = gfn_to_rmap(kvm, sp->gfns[spte - sp->spt]);
+	if (!*rmapp) {
+		printk(KERN_ERR "rmap_remove: %p %llx 0->BUG\n", spte, *spte);
+		BUG();
+	} else if (!(*rmapp & 1)) {
+		rmap_printk("rmap_remove:  %p %llx 1->0\n", spte, *spte);
+		if ((u64 *)*rmapp != spte) {
+			printk(KERN_ERR "rmap_remove:  %p %llx 1->BUG\n",
+			       spte, *spte);
+			BUG();
+		}
+		*rmapp = 0;
+	} else {
+		rmap_printk("rmap_remove:  %p %llx many->many\n", spte, *spte);
+		desc = (struct kvm_rmap_desc *)(*rmapp & ~1ul);
+		prev_desc = NULL;
+		while (desc) {
+			for (i = 0; i < RMAP_EXT && desc->shadow_ptes[i]; ++i)
+				if (desc->shadow_ptes[i] == spte) {
+					rmap_desc_remove_entry(rmapp,
+							       desc, i,
+							       prev_desc);
+					return;
+				}
+			prev_desc = desc;
+			desc = desc->more;
+		}
+		BUG();
+	}
+}
+
+static u64 *rmap_next(struct kvm *kvm, unsigned long *rmapp, u64 *spte)
+{
+	struct kvm_rmap_desc *desc;
+	struct kvm_rmap_desc *prev_desc;
+	u64 *prev_spte;
+	int i;
+
+	if (!*rmapp)
+		return NULL;
+	else if (!(*rmapp & 1)) {
+		if (!spte)
+			return (u64 *)*rmapp;
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	desc = (struct kvm_rmap_desc *)(*rmapp & ~1ul);
+	prev_desc = NULL;
+	prev_spte = NULL;
+	while (desc) {
+		for (i = 0; i < RMAP_EXT && desc->shadow_ptes[i]; ++i) {
+			if (prev_spte == spte)
+				return desc->shadow_ptes[i];
+			prev_spte = desc->shadow_ptes[i];
+		}
+		desc = desc->more;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static void rmap_write_protect(struct kvm *kvm, u64 gfn)
+{
+	unsigned long *rmapp;
+	u64 *spte;
+
+	gfn = unalias_gfn(kvm, gfn);
+	rmapp = gfn_to_rmap(kvm, gfn);
+
+	spte = rmap_next(kvm, rmapp, NULL);
+	while (spte) {
+		BUG_ON(!spte);
+		BUG_ON(!(*spte & PT_PRESENT_MASK));
+		rmap_printk("rmap_write_protect: spte %p %llx\n", spte, *spte);
+		if (is_writeble_pte(*spte))
+			set_shadow_pte(spte, *spte & ~PT_WRITABLE_MASK);
+		kvm_flush_remote_tlbs(kvm);
+		spte = rmap_next(kvm, rmapp, spte);
+	}
+}
+
+#ifdef MMU_DEBUG
+static int is_empty_shadow_page(u64 *spt)
+{
+	u64 *pos;
+	u64 *end;
+
+	for (pos = spt, end = pos + PAGE_SIZE / sizeof(u64); pos != end; pos++)
+		if ((*pos & ~PT_SHADOW_IO_MARK) != shadow_trap_nonpresent_pte) {
+			printk(KERN_ERR "%s: %p %llx\n", __FUNCTION__,
+			       pos, *pos);
+			return 0;
+		}
+	return 1;
+}
+#endif
+
+static void kvm_mmu_free_page(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_mmu_page *sp)
+{
+	ASSERT(is_empty_shadow_page(sp->spt));
+	list_del(&sp->link);
+	__free_page(virt_to_page(sp->spt));
+	__free_page(virt_to_page(sp->gfns));
+	kfree(sp);
+	++kvm->arch.n_free_mmu_pages;
+}
+
+static unsigned kvm_page_table_hashfn(gfn_t gfn)
+{
+	return gfn;
+}
+
+static struct kvm_mmu_page *kvm_mmu_alloc_page(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
+					       u64 *parent_pte)
+{
+	struct kvm_mmu_page *sp;
+
+	if (!vcpu->kvm->arch.n_free_mmu_pages)
+		return NULL;
+
+	sp = mmu_memory_cache_alloc(&vcpu->arch.mmu_page_header_cache, sizeof *sp);
+	sp->spt = mmu_memory_cache_alloc(&vcpu->arch.mmu_page_cache, PAGE_SIZE);
+	sp->gfns = mmu_memory_cache_alloc(&vcpu->arch.mmu_page_cache, PAGE_SIZE);
+	set_page_private(virt_to_page(sp->spt), (unsigned long)sp);
+	list_add(&sp->link, &vcpu->kvm->arch.active_mmu_pages);
+	ASSERT(is_empty_shadow_page(sp->spt));
+	sp->slot_bitmap = 0;
+	sp->multimapped = 0;
+	sp->parent_pte = parent_pte;
+	--vcpu->kvm->arch.n_free_mmu_pages;
+	return sp;
+}
+
+static void mmu_page_add_parent_pte(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
+				    struct kvm_mmu_page *sp, u64 *parent_pte)
+{
+	struct kvm_pte_chain *pte_chain;
+	struct hlist_node *node;
+	int i;
+
+	if (!parent_pte)
+		return;
+	if (!sp->multimapped) {
+		u64 *old = sp->parent_pte;
+
+		if (!old) {
+			sp->parent_pte = parent_pte;
+			return;
+		}
+		sp->multimapped = 1;
+		pte_chain = mmu_alloc_pte_chain(vcpu);
+		INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&sp->parent_ptes);
+		hlist_add_head(&pte_chain->link, &sp->parent_ptes);
+		pte_chain->parent_ptes[0] = old;
+	}
+	hlist_for_each_entry(pte_chain, node, &sp->parent_ptes, link) {
+		if (pte_chain->parent_ptes[NR_PTE_CHAIN_ENTRIES-1])
+			continue;
+		for (i = 0; i < NR_PTE_CHAIN_ENTRIES; ++i)
+			if (!pte_chain->parent_ptes[i]) {
+				pte_chain->parent_ptes[i] = parent_pte;
+				return;
+			}
+	}
+	pte_chain = mmu_alloc_pte_chain(vcpu);
+	BUG_ON(!pte_chain);
+	hlist_add_head(&pte_chain->link, &sp->parent_ptes);
+	pte_chain->parent_ptes[0] = parent_pte;
+}
+
+static void mmu_page_remove_parent_pte(struct kvm_mmu_page *sp,
+				       u64 *parent_pte)
+{
+	struct kvm_pte_chain *pte_chain;
+	struct hlist_node *node;
+	int i;
+
+	if (!sp->multimapped) {
+		BUG_ON(sp->parent_pte != parent_pte);
+		sp->parent_pte = NULL;
+		return;
+	}
+	hlist_for_each_entry(pte_chain, node, &sp->parent_ptes, link)
+		for (i = 0; i < NR_PTE_CHAIN_ENTRIES; ++i) {
+			if (!pte_chain->parent_ptes[i])
+				break;
+			if (pte_chain->parent_ptes[i] != parent_pte)
+				continue;
+			while (i + 1 < NR_PTE_CHAIN_ENTRIES
+				&& pte_chain->parent_ptes[i + 1]) {
+				pte_chain->parent_ptes[i]
+					= pte_chain->parent_ptes[i + 1];
+				++i;
+			}
+			pte_chain->parent_ptes[i] = NULL;
+			if (i == 0) {
+				hlist_del(&pte_chain->link);
+				mmu_free_pte_chain(pte_chain);
+				if (hlist_empty(&sp->parent_ptes)) {
+					sp->multimapped = 0;
+					sp->parent_pte = NULL;
+				}
+			}
+			return;
+		}
+	BUG();
+}
+
+static struct kvm_mmu_page *kvm_mmu_lookup_page(struct kvm *kvm, gfn_t gfn)
+{
+	unsigned index;
+	struct hlist_head *bucket;
+	struct kvm_mmu_page *sp;
+	struct hlist_node *node;
+
+	pgprintk("%s: looking for gfn %lx\n", __FUNCTION__, gfn);
+	index = kvm_page_table_hashfn(gfn) % KVM_NUM_MMU_PAGES;
+	bucket = &kvm->arch.mmu_page_hash[index];
+	hlist_for_each_entry(sp, node, bucket, hash_link)
+		if (sp->gfn == gfn && !sp->role.metaphysical) {
+			pgprintk("%s: found role %x\n",
+				 __FUNCTION__, sp->role.word);
+			return sp;
+		}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static struct kvm_mmu_page *kvm_mmu_get_page(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
+					     gfn_t gfn,
+					     gva_t gaddr,
+					     unsigned level,
+					     int metaphysical,
+					     unsigned access,
+					     u64 *parent_pte,
+					     bool *new_page)
+{
+	union kvm_mmu_page_role role;
+	unsigned index;
+	unsigned quadrant;
+	struct hlist_head *bucket;
+	struct kvm_mmu_page *sp;
+	struct hlist_node *node;
+
+	role.word = 0;
+	role.glevels = vcpu->arch.mmu.root_level;
+	role.level = level;
+	role.metaphysical = metaphysical;
+	role.access = access;
+	if (vcpu->arch.mmu.root_level <= PT32_ROOT_LEVEL) {
+		quadrant = gaddr >> (PAGE_SHIFT + (PT64_PT_BITS * level));
+		quadrant &= (1 << ((PT32_PT_BITS - PT64_PT_BITS) * level)) - 1;
+		role.quadrant = quadrant;
+	}
+	pgprintk("%s: looking gfn %lx role %x\n", __FUNCTION__,
+		 gfn, role.word);
+	index = kvm_page_table_hashfn(gfn) % KVM_NUM_MMU_PAGES;
+	bucket = &vcpu->kvm->arch.mmu_page_hash[index];
+	hlist_for_each_entry(sp, node, bucket, hash_link)
+		if (sp->gfn == gfn && sp->role.word == role.word) {
+			mmu_page_add_parent_pte(vcpu, sp, parent_pte);
+			pgprintk("%s: found\n", __FUNCTION__);
+			return sp;
+		}
+	sp = kvm_mmu_alloc_page(vcpu, parent_pte);
+	if (!sp)
+		return sp;
+	pgprintk("%s: adding gfn %lx role %x\n", __FUNCTION__, gfn, role.word);
+	sp->gfn = gfn;
+	sp->role = role;
+	hlist_add_head(&sp->hash_link, bucket);
+	vcpu->arch.mmu.prefetch_page(vcpu, sp);
+	if (!metaphysical)
+		rmap_write_protect(vcpu->kvm, gfn);
+	if (new_page)
+		*new_page = 1;
+	return sp;
+}
+
+static void kvm_mmu_page_unlink_children(struct kvm *kvm,
+					 struct kvm_mmu_page *sp)
+{
+	unsigned i;
+	u64 *pt;
+	u64 ent;
+
+	pt = sp->spt;
+
+	if (sp->role.level == PT_PAGE_TABLE_LEVEL) {
+		for (i = 0; i < PT64_ENT_PER_PAGE; ++i) {
+			if (is_shadow_present_pte(pt[i]))
+				rmap_remove(kvm, &pt[i]);
+			pt[i] = shadow_trap_nonpresent_pte;
+		}
+		kvm_flush_remote_tlbs(kvm);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < PT64_ENT_PER_PAGE; ++i) {
+		ent = pt[i];
+
+		pt[i] = shadow_trap_nonpresent_pte;
+		if (!is_shadow_present_pte(ent))
+			continue;
+		ent &= PT64_BASE_ADDR_MASK;
+		mmu_page_remove_parent_pte(page_header(ent), &pt[i]);
+	}
+	kvm_flush_remote_tlbs(kvm);
+}
+
+static void kvm_mmu_put_page(struct kvm_mmu_page *sp, u64 *parent_pte)
+{
+	mmu_page_remove_parent_pte(sp, parent_pte);
+}
+
+static void kvm_mmu_reset_last_pte_updated(struct kvm *kvm)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < KVM_MAX_VCPUS; ++i)
+		if (kvm->vcpus[i])
+			kvm->vcpus[i]->arch.last_pte_updated = NULL;
+}
+
+static void kvm_mmu_zap_page(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_mmu_page *sp)
+{
+	u64 *parent_pte;
+
+	++kvm->stat.mmu_shadow_zapped;
+	while (sp->multimapped || sp->parent_pte) {
+		if (!sp->multimapped)
+			parent_pte = sp->parent_pte;
+		else {
+			struct kvm_pte_chain *chain;
+
+			chain = container_of(sp->parent_ptes.first,
+					     struct kvm_pte_chain, link);
+			parent_pte = chain->parent_ptes[0];
+		}
+		BUG_ON(!parent_pte);
+		kvm_mmu_put_page(sp, parent_pte);
+		set_shadow_pte(parent_pte, shadow_trap_nonpresent_pte);
+	}
+	kvm_mmu_page_unlink_children(kvm, sp);
+	if (!sp->root_count) {
+		hlist_del(&sp->hash_link);
+		kvm_mmu_free_page(kvm, sp);
+	} else
+		list_move(&sp->link, &kvm->arch.active_mmu_pages);
+	kvm_mmu_reset_last_pte_updated(kvm);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Changing the number of mmu pages allocated to the vm
+ * Note: if kvm_nr_mmu_pages is too small, you will get dead lock
+ */
+void kvm_mmu_change_mmu_pages(struct kvm *kvm, unsigned int kvm_nr_mmu_pages)
+{
+	/*
+	 * If we set the number of mmu pages to be smaller be than the
+	 * number of actived pages , we must to free some mmu pages before we
+	 * change the value
+	 */
+
+	if ((kvm->arch.n_alloc_mmu_pages - kvm->arch.n_free_mmu_pages) >
+	    kvm_nr_mmu_pages) {
+		int n_used_mmu_pages = kvm->arch.n_alloc_mmu_pages
+				       - kvm->arch.n_free_mmu_pages;
+
+		while (n_used_mmu_pages > kvm_nr_mmu_pages) {
+			struct kvm_mmu_page *page;
+
+			page = container_of(kvm->arch.active_mmu_pages.prev,
+					    struct kvm_mmu_page, link);
+			kvm_mmu_zap_page(kvm, page);
+			n_used_mmu_pages--;
+		}
+		kvm->arch.n_free_mmu_pages = 0;
+	}
+	else
+		kvm->arch.n_free_mmu_pages += kvm_nr_mmu_pages
+					 - kvm->arch.n_alloc_mmu_pages;
+
+	kvm->arch.n_alloc_mmu_pages = kvm_nr_mmu_pages;
+}
+
+static int kvm_mmu_unprotect_page(struct kvm *kvm, gfn_t gfn)
+{
+	unsigned index;
+	struct hlist_head *bucket;
+	struct kvm_mmu_page *sp;
+	struct hlist_node *node, *n;
+	int r;
+
+	pgprintk("%s: looking for gfn %lx\n", __FUNCTION__, gfn);
+	r = 0;
+	index = kvm_page_table_hashfn(gfn) % KVM_NUM_MMU_PAGES;
+	bucket = &kvm->arch.mmu_page_hash[index];
+	hlist_for_each_entry_safe(sp, node, n, bucket, hash_link)
+		if (sp->gfn == gfn && !sp->role.metaphysical) {
+			pgprintk("%s: gfn %lx role %x\n", __FUNCTION__, gfn,
+				 sp->role.word);
+			kvm_mmu_zap_page(kvm, sp);
+			r = 1;
+		}
+	return r;
+}
+
+static void mmu_unshadow(struct kvm *kvm, gfn_t gfn)
+{
+	struct kvm_mmu_page *sp;
+
+	while ((sp = kvm_mmu_lookup_page(kvm, gfn)) != NULL) {
+		pgprintk("%s: zap %lx %x\n", __FUNCTION__, gfn, sp->role.word);
+		kvm_mmu_zap_page(kvm, sp);
+	}
+}
+
+static void page_header_update_slot(struct kvm *kvm, void *pte, gfn_t gfn)
+{
+	int slot = memslot_id(kvm, gfn_to_memslot(kvm, gfn));
+	struct kvm_mmu_page *sp = page_header(__pa(pte));
+
+	__set_bit(slot, &sp->slot_bitmap);
+}
+
+struct page *gva_to_page(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gva_t gva)
+{
+	gpa_t gpa = vcpu->arch.mmu.gva_to_gpa(vcpu, gva);
+
+	if (gpa == UNMAPPED_GVA)
+		return NULL;
+	return gfn_to_page(vcpu->kvm, gpa >> PAGE_SHIFT);
+}
+
+static void mmu_set_spte(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 *shadow_pte,
+			 unsigned pt_access, unsigned pte_access,
+			 int user_fault, int write_fault, int dirty,
+			 int *ptwrite, gfn_t gfn)
+{
+	u64 spte;
+	int was_rmapped = is_rmap_pte(*shadow_pte);
+	struct page *page;
+
+	pgprintk("%s: spte %llx access %x write_fault %d"
+		 " user_fault %d gfn %lx\n",
+		 __FUNCTION__, *shadow_pte, pt_access,
+		 write_fault, user_fault, gfn);
+
+	/*
+	 * We don't set the accessed bit, since we sometimes want to see
+	 * whether the guest actually used the pte (in order to detect
+	 * demand paging).
+	 */
+	spte = PT_PRESENT_MASK | PT_DIRTY_MASK;
+	if (!dirty)
+		pte_access &= ~ACC_WRITE_MASK;
+	if (!(pte_access & ACC_EXEC_MASK))
+		spte |= PT64_NX_MASK;
+
+	page = gfn_to_page(vcpu->kvm, gfn);
+
+	spte |= PT_PRESENT_MASK;
+	if (pte_access & ACC_USER_MASK)
+		spte |= PT_USER_MASK;
+
+	if (is_error_page(page)) {
+		set_shadow_pte(shadow_pte,
+			       shadow_trap_nonpresent_pte | PT_SHADOW_IO_MARK);
+		kvm_release_page_clean(page);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	spte |= page_to_phys(page);
+
+	if ((pte_access & ACC_WRITE_MASK)
+	    || (write_fault && !is_write_protection(vcpu) && !user_fault)) {
+		struct kvm_mmu_page *shadow;
+
+		spte |= PT_WRITABLE_MASK;
+		if (user_fault) {
+			mmu_unshadow(vcpu->kvm, gfn);
+			goto unshadowed;
+		}
+
+		shadow = kvm_mmu_lookup_page(vcpu->kvm, gfn);
+		if (shadow) {
+			pgprintk("%s: found shadow page for %lx, marking ro\n",
+				 __FUNCTION__, gfn);
+			pte_access &= ~ACC_WRITE_MASK;
+			if (is_writeble_pte(spte)) {
+				spte &= ~PT_WRITABLE_MASK;
+				kvm_x86_ops->tlb_flush(vcpu);
+			}
+			if (write_fault)
+				*ptwrite = 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+unshadowed:
+
+	if (pte_access & ACC_WRITE_MASK)
+		mark_page_dirty(vcpu->kvm, gfn);
+
+	pgprintk("%s: setting spte %llx\n", __FUNCTION__, spte);
+	set_shadow_pte(shadow_pte, spte);
+	page_header_update_slot(vcpu->kvm, shadow_pte, gfn);
+	if (!was_rmapped) {
+		rmap_add(vcpu, shadow_pte, gfn);
+		if (!is_rmap_pte(*shadow_pte))
+			kvm_release_page_clean(page);
+	}
+	else
+		kvm_release_page_clean(page);
+	if (!ptwrite || !*ptwrite)
+		vcpu->arch.last_pte_updated = shadow_pte;
+}
+
+static void nonpaging_new_cr3(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+}
+
+static int nonpaging_map(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gva_t v, int write, gfn_t gfn)
+{
+	int level = PT32E_ROOT_LEVEL;
+	hpa_t table_addr = vcpu->arch.mmu.root_hpa;
+	int pt_write = 0;
+
+	for (; ; level--) {
+		u32 index = PT64_INDEX(v, level);
+		u64 *table;
+
+		ASSERT(VALID_PAGE(table_addr));
+		table = __va(table_addr);
+
+		if (level == 1) {
+			mmu_set_spte(vcpu, &table[index], ACC_ALL, ACC_ALL,
+				     0, write, 1, &pt_write, gfn);
+			return pt_write || is_io_pte(table[index]);
+		}
+
+		if (table[index] == shadow_trap_nonpresent_pte) {
+			struct kvm_mmu_page *new_table;
+			gfn_t pseudo_gfn;
+
+			pseudo_gfn = (v & PT64_DIR_BASE_ADDR_MASK)
+				>> PAGE_SHIFT;
+			new_table = kvm_mmu_get_page(vcpu, pseudo_gfn,
+						     v, level - 1,
+						     1, ACC_ALL, &table[index],
+						     NULL);
+			if (!new_table) {
+				pgprintk("nonpaging_map: ENOMEM\n");
+				return -ENOMEM;
+			}
+
+			table[index] = __pa(new_table->spt) | PT_PRESENT_MASK
+				| PT_WRITABLE_MASK | PT_USER_MASK;
+		}
+		table_addr = table[index] & PT64_BASE_ADDR_MASK;
+	}
+}
+
+static void nonpaging_prefetch_page(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
+				    struct kvm_mmu_page *sp)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < PT64_ENT_PER_PAGE; ++i)
+		sp->spt[i] = shadow_trap_nonpresent_pte;
+}
+
+static void mmu_free_roots(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct kvm_mmu_page *sp;
+
+	if (!VALID_PAGE(vcpu->arch.mmu.root_hpa))
+		return;
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
+	if (vcpu->arch.mmu.shadow_root_level == PT64_ROOT_LEVEL) {
+		hpa_t root = vcpu->arch.mmu.root_hpa;
+
+		sp = page_header(root);
+		--sp->root_count;
+		vcpu->arch.mmu.root_hpa = INVALID_PAGE;
+		return;
+	}
+#endif
+	for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
+		hpa_t root = vcpu->arch.mmu.pae_root[i];
+
+		if (root) {
+			root &= PT64_BASE_ADDR_MASK;
+			sp = page_header(root);
+			--sp->root_count;
+		}
+		vcpu->arch.mmu.pae_root[i] = INVALID_PAGE;
+	}
+	vcpu->arch.mmu.root_hpa = INVALID_PAGE;
+}
+
+static void mmu_alloc_roots(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	int i;
+	gfn_t root_gfn;
+	struct kvm_mmu_page *sp;
+
+	root_gfn = vcpu->arch.cr3 >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
+	if (vcpu->arch.mmu.shadow_root_level == PT64_ROOT_LEVEL) {
+		hpa_t root = vcpu->arch.mmu.root_hpa;
+
+		ASSERT(!VALID_PAGE(root));
+		sp = kvm_mmu_get_page(vcpu, root_gfn, 0,
+				      PT64_ROOT_LEVEL, 0, ACC_ALL, NULL, NULL);
+		root = __pa(sp->spt);
+		++sp->root_count;
+		vcpu->arch.mmu.root_hpa = root;
+		return;
+	}
+#endif
+	for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
+		hpa_t root = vcpu->arch.mmu.pae_root[i];
+
+		ASSERT(!VALID_PAGE(root));
+		if (vcpu->arch.mmu.root_level == PT32E_ROOT_LEVEL) {
+			if (!is_present_pte(vcpu->arch.pdptrs[i])) {
+				vcpu->arch.mmu.pae_root[i] = 0;
+				continue;
+			}
+			root_gfn = vcpu->arch.pdptrs[i] >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+		} else if (vcpu->arch.mmu.root_level == 0)
+			root_gfn = 0;
+		sp = kvm_mmu_get_page(vcpu, root_gfn, i << 30,
+				      PT32_ROOT_LEVEL, !is_paging(vcpu),
+				      ACC_ALL, NULL, NULL);
+		root = __pa(sp->spt);
+		++sp->root_count;
+		vcpu->arch.mmu.pae_root[i] = root | PT_PRESENT_MASK;
+	}
+	vcpu->arch.mmu.root_hpa = __pa(vcpu->arch.mmu.pae_root);
+}
+
+static gpa_t nonpaging_gva_to_gpa(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gva_t vaddr)
+{
+	return vaddr;
+}
+
+static int nonpaging_page_fault(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gva_t gva,
+				u32 error_code)
+{
+	gfn_t gfn;
+	int r;
+
+	pgprintk("%s: gva %lx error %x\n", __FUNCTION__, gva, error_code);
+	r = mmu_topup_memory_caches(vcpu);
+	if (r)
+		return r;
+
+	ASSERT(vcpu);
+	ASSERT(VALID_PAGE(vcpu->arch.mmu.root_hpa));
+
+	gfn = gva >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+
+	return nonpaging_map(vcpu, gva & PAGE_MASK,
+			     error_code & PFERR_WRITE_MASK, gfn);
+}
+
+static void nonpaging_free(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	mmu_free_roots(vcpu);
+}
+
+static int nonpaging_init_context(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	struct kvm_mmu *context = &vcpu->arch.mmu;
+
+	context->new_cr3 = nonpaging_new_cr3;
+	context->page_fault = nonpaging_page_fault;
+	context->gva_to_gpa = nonpaging_gva_to_gpa;
+	context->free = nonpaging_free;
+	context->prefetch_page = nonpaging_prefetch_page;
+	context->root_level = 0;
+	context->shadow_root_level = PT32E_ROOT_LEVEL;
+	context->root_hpa = INVALID_PAGE;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void kvm_mmu_flush_tlb(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	++vcpu->stat.tlb_flush;
+	kvm_x86_ops->tlb_flush(vcpu);
+}
+
+static void paging_new_cr3(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	pgprintk("%s: cr3 %lx\n", __FUNCTION__, vcpu->cr3);
+	mmu_free_roots(vcpu);
+}
+
+static void inject_page_fault(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
+			      u64 addr,
+			      u32 err_code)
+{
+	kvm_inject_page_fault(vcpu, addr, err_code);
+}
+
+static void paging_free(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	nonpaging_free(vcpu);
+}
+
+#define PTTYPE 64
+#include "paging_tmpl.h"
+#undef PTTYPE
+
+#define PTTYPE 32
+#include "paging_tmpl.h"
+#undef PTTYPE
+
+static int paging64_init_context_common(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, int level)
+{
+	struct kvm_mmu *context = &vcpu->arch.mmu;
+
+	ASSERT(is_pae(vcpu));
+	context->new_cr3 = paging_new_cr3;
+	context->page_fault = paging64_page_fault;
+	context->gva_to_gpa = paging64_gva_to_gpa;
+	context->prefetch_page = paging64_prefetch_page;
+	context->free = paging_free;
+	context->root_level = level;
+	context->shadow_root_level = level;
+	context->root_hpa = INVALID_PAGE;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int paging64_init_context(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	return paging64_init_context_common(vcpu, PT64_ROOT_LEVEL);
+}
+
+static int paging32_init_context(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	struct kvm_mmu *context = &vcpu->arch.mmu;
+
+	context->new_cr3 = paging_new_cr3;
+	context->page_fault = paging32_page_fault;
+	context->gva_to_gpa = paging32_gva_to_gpa;
+	context->free = paging_free;
+	context->prefetch_page = paging32_prefetch_page;
+	context->root_level = PT32_ROOT_LEVEL;
+	context->shadow_root_level = PT32E_ROOT_LEVEL;
+	context->root_hpa = INVALID_PAGE;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int paging32E_init_context(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	return paging64_init_context_common(vcpu, PT32E_ROOT_LEVEL);
+}
+
+static int init_kvm_mmu(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	ASSERT(vcpu);
+	ASSERT(!VALID_PAGE(vcpu->arch.mmu.root_hpa));
+
+	if (!is_paging(vcpu))
+		return nonpaging_init_context(vcpu);
+	else if (is_long_mode(vcpu))
+		return paging64_init_context(vcpu);
+	else if (is_pae(vcpu))
+		return paging32E_init_context(vcpu);
+	else
+		return paging32_init_context(vcpu);
+}
+
+static void destroy_kvm_mmu(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	ASSERT(vcpu);
+	if (VALID_PAGE(vcpu->arch.mmu.root_hpa)) {
+		vcpu->arch.mmu.free(vcpu);
+		vcpu->arch.mmu.root_hpa = INVALID_PAGE;
+	}
+}
+
+int kvm_mmu_reset_context(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	destroy_kvm_mmu(vcpu);
+	return init_kvm_mmu(vcpu);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kvm_mmu_reset_context);
+
+int kvm_mmu_load(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	int r;
+
+	mutex_lock(&vcpu->kvm->lock);
+	r = mmu_topup_memory_caches(vcpu);
+	if (r)
+		goto out;
+	mmu_alloc_roots(vcpu);
+	kvm_x86_ops->set_cr3(vcpu, vcpu->arch.mmu.root_hpa);
+	kvm_mmu_flush_tlb(vcpu);
+out:
+	mutex_unlock(&vcpu->kvm->lock);
+	return r;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kvm_mmu_load);
+
+void kvm_mmu_unload(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	mmu_free_roots(vcpu);
+}
+
+static void mmu_pte_write_zap_pte(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
+				  struct kvm_mmu_page *sp,
+				  u64 *spte)
+{
+	u64 pte;
+	struct kvm_mmu_page *child;
+
+	pte = *spte;
+	if (is_shadow_present_pte(pte)) {
+		if (sp->role.level == PT_PAGE_TABLE_LEVEL)
+			rmap_remove(vcpu->kvm, spte);
+		else {
+			child = page_header(pte & PT64_BASE_ADDR_MASK);
+			mmu_page_remove_parent_pte(child, spte);
+		}
+	}
+	set_shadow_pte(spte, shadow_trap_nonpresent_pte);
+}
+
+static void mmu_pte_write_new_pte(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
+				  struct kvm_mmu_page *sp,
+				  u64 *spte,
+				  const void *new, int bytes,
+				  int offset_in_pte)
+{
+	if (sp->role.level != PT_PAGE_TABLE_LEVEL) {
+		++vcpu->kvm->stat.mmu_pde_zapped;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	++vcpu->kvm->stat.mmu_pte_updated;
+	if (sp->role.glevels == PT32_ROOT_LEVEL)
+		paging32_update_pte(vcpu, sp, spte, new, bytes, offset_in_pte);
+	else
+		paging64_update_pte(vcpu, sp, spte, new, bytes, offset_in_pte);
+}
+
+static bool need_remote_flush(u64 old, u64 new)
+{
+	if (!is_shadow_present_pte(old))
+		return false;
+	if (!is_shadow_present_pte(new))
+		return true;
+	if ((old ^ new) & PT64_BASE_ADDR_MASK)
+		return true;
+	old ^= PT64_NX_MASK;
+	new ^= PT64_NX_MASK;
+	return (old & ~new & PT64_PERM_MASK) != 0;
+}
+
+static void mmu_pte_write_flush_tlb(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 old, u64 new)
+{
+	if (need_remote_flush(old, new))
+		kvm_flush_remote_tlbs(vcpu->kvm);
+	else
+		kvm_mmu_flush_tlb(vcpu);
+}
+
+static bool last_updated_pte_accessed(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	u64 *spte = vcpu->arch.last_pte_updated;
+
+	return !!(spte && (*spte & PT_ACCESSED_MASK));
+}
+
+void kvm_mmu_pte_write(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gpa_t gpa,
+		       const u8 *new, int bytes)
+{
+	gfn_t gfn = gpa >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+	struct kvm_mmu_page *sp;
+	struct hlist_node *node, *n;
+	struct hlist_head *bucket;
+	unsigned index;
+	u64 entry;
+	u64 *spte;
+	unsigned offset = offset_in_page(gpa);
+	unsigned pte_size;
+	unsigned page_offset;
+	unsigned misaligned;
+	unsigned quadrant;
+	int level;
+	int flooded = 0;
+	int npte;
+
+	pgprintk("%s: gpa %llx bytes %d\n", __FUNCTION__, gpa, bytes);
+	++vcpu->kvm->stat.mmu_pte_write;
+	kvm_mmu_audit(vcpu, "pre pte write");
+	if (gfn == vcpu->arch.last_pt_write_gfn
+	    && !last_updated_pte_accessed(vcpu)) {
+		++vcpu->arch.last_pt_write_count;
+		if (vcpu->arch.last_pt_write_count >= 3)
+			flooded = 1;
+	} else {
+		vcpu->arch.last_pt_write_gfn = gfn;
+		vcpu->arch.last_pt_write_count = 1;
+		vcpu->arch.last_pte_updated = NULL;
+	}
+	index = kvm_page_table_hashfn(gfn) % KVM_NUM_MMU_PAGES;
+	bucket = &vcpu->kvm->arch.mmu_page_hash[index];
+	hlist_for_each_entry_safe(sp, node, n, bucket, hash_link) {
+		if (sp->gfn != gfn || sp->role.metaphysical)
+			continue;
+		pte_size = sp->role.glevels == PT32_ROOT_LEVEL ? 4 : 8;
+		misaligned = (offset ^ (offset + bytes - 1)) & ~(pte_size - 1);
+		misaligned |= bytes < 4;
+		if (misaligned || flooded) {
+			/*
+			 * Misaligned accesses are too much trouble to fix
+			 * up; also, they usually indicate a page is not used
+			 * as a page table.
+			 *
+			 * If we're seeing too many writes to a page,
+			 * it may no longer be a page table, or we may be
+			 * forking, in which case it is better to unmap the
+			 * page.
+			 */
+			pgprintk("misaligned: gpa %llx bytes %d role %x\n",
+				 gpa, bytes, sp->role.word);
+			kvm_mmu_zap_page(vcpu->kvm, sp);
+			++vcpu->kvm->stat.mmu_flooded;
+			continue;
+		}
+		page_offset = offset;
+		level = sp->role.level;
+		npte = 1;
+		if (sp->role.glevels == PT32_ROOT_LEVEL) {
+			page_offset <<= 1;	/* 32->64 */
+			/*
+			 * A 32-bit pde maps 4MB while the shadow pdes map
+			 * only 2MB.  So we need to double the offset again
+			 * and zap two pdes instead of one.
+			 */
+			if (level == PT32_ROOT_LEVEL) {
+				page_offset &= ~7; /* kill rounding error */
+				page_offset <<= 1;
+				npte = 2;
+			}
+			quadrant = page_offset >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+			page_offset &= ~PAGE_MASK;
+			if (quadrant != sp->role.quadrant)
+				continue;
+		}
+		spte = &sp->spt[page_offset / sizeof(*spte)];
+		while (npte--) {
+			entry = *spte;
+			mmu_pte_write_zap_pte(vcpu, sp, spte);
+			mmu_pte_write_new_pte(vcpu, sp, spte, new, bytes,
+					      page_offset & (pte_size - 1));
+			mmu_pte_write_flush_tlb(vcpu, entry, *spte);
+			++spte;
+		}
+	}
+	kvm_mmu_audit(vcpu, "post pte write");
+}
+
+int kvm_mmu_unprotect_page_virt(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gva_t gva)
+{
+	gpa_t gpa = vcpu->arch.mmu.gva_to_gpa(vcpu, gva);
+
+	return kvm_mmu_unprotect_page(vcpu->kvm, gpa >> PAGE_SHIFT);
+}
+
+void __kvm_mmu_free_some_pages(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	while (vcpu->kvm->arch.n_free_mmu_pages < KVM_REFILL_PAGES) {
+		struct kvm_mmu_page *sp;
+
+		sp = container_of(vcpu->kvm->arch.active_mmu_pages.prev,
+				  struct kvm_mmu_page, link);
+		kvm_mmu_zap_page(vcpu->kvm, sp);
+		++vcpu->kvm->stat.mmu_recycled;
+	}
+}
+
+int kvm_mmu_page_fault(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gva_t cr2, u32 error_code)
+{
+	int r;
+	enum emulation_result er;
+
+	mutex_lock(&vcpu->kvm->lock);
+	r = vcpu->arch.mmu.page_fault(vcpu, cr2, error_code);
+	if (r < 0)
+		goto out;
+
+	if (!r) {
+		r = 1;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	r = mmu_topup_memory_caches(vcpu);
+	if (r)
+		goto out;
+
+	er = emulate_instruction(vcpu, vcpu->run, cr2, error_code, 0);
+	mutex_unlock(&vcpu->kvm->lock);
+
+	switch (er) {
+	case EMULATE_DONE:
+		return 1;
+	case EMULATE_DO_MMIO:
+		++vcpu->stat.mmio_exits;
+		return 0;
+	case EMULATE_FAIL:
+		kvm_report_emulation_failure(vcpu, "pagetable");
+		return 1;
+	default:
+		BUG();
+	}
+out:
+	mutex_unlock(&vcpu->kvm->lock);
+	return r;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kvm_mmu_page_fault);
+
+static void free_mmu_pages(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	struct kvm_mmu_page *sp;
+
+	while (!list_empty(&vcpu->kvm->arch.active_mmu_pages)) {
+		sp = container_of(vcpu->kvm->arch.active_mmu_pages.next,
+				  struct kvm_mmu_page, link);
+		kvm_mmu_zap_page(vcpu->kvm, sp);
+	}
+	free_page((unsigned long)vcpu->arch.mmu.pae_root);
+}
+
+static int alloc_mmu_pages(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	struct page *page;
+	int i;
+
+	ASSERT(vcpu);
+
+	if (vcpu->kvm->arch.n_requested_mmu_pages)
+		vcpu->kvm->arch.n_free_mmu_pages =
+					vcpu->kvm->arch.n_requested_mmu_pages;
+	else
+		vcpu->kvm->arch.n_free_mmu_pages =
+					vcpu->kvm->arch.n_alloc_mmu_pages;
+	/*
+	 * When emulating 32-bit mode, cr3 is only 32 bits even on x86_64.
+	 * Therefore we need to allocate shadow page tables in the first
+	 * 4GB of memory, which happens to fit the DMA32 zone.
+	 */
+	page = alloc_page(GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_DMA32);
+	if (!page)
+		goto error_1;
+	vcpu->arch.mmu.pae_root = page_address(page);
+	for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
+		vcpu->arch.mmu.pae_root[i] = INVALID_PAGE;
+
+	return 0;
+
+error_1:
+	free_mmu_pages(vcpu);
+	return -ENOMEM;
+}
+
+int kvm_mmu_create(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	ASSERT(vcpu);
+	ASSERT(!VALID_PAGE(vcpu->arch.mmu.root_hpa));
+
+	return alloc_mmu_pages(vcpu);
+}
+
+int kvm_mmu_setup(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	ASSERT(vcpu);
+	ASSERT(!VALID_PAGE(vcpu->arch.mmu.root_hpa));
+
+	return init_kvm_mmu(vcpu);
+}
+
+void kvm_mmu_destroy(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	ASSERT(vcpu);
+
+	destroy_kvm_mmu(vcpu);
+	free_mmu_pages(vcpu);
+	mmu_free_memory_caches(vcpu);
+}
+
+void kvm_mmu_slot_remove_write_access(struct kvm *kvm, int slot)
+{
+	struct kvm_mmu_page *sp;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(sp, &kvm->arch.active_mmu_pages, link) {
+		int i;
+		u64 *pt;
+
+		if (!test_bit(slot, &sp->slot_bitmap))
+			continue;
+
+		pt = sp->spt;
+		for (i = 0; i < PT64_ENT_PER_PAGE; ++i)
+			/* avoid RMW */
+			if (pt[i] & PT_WRITABLE_MASK)
+				pt[i] &= ~PT_WRITABLE_MASK;
+	}
+}
+
+void kvm_mmu_zap_all(struct kvm *kvm)
+{
+	struct kvm_mmu_page *sp, *node;
+
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(sp, node, &kvm->arch.active_mmu_pages, link)
+		kvm_mmu_zap_page(kvm, sp);
+
+	kvm_flush_remote_tlbs(kvm);
+}
+
+void kvm_mmu_module_exit(void)
+{
+	if (pte_chain_cache)
+		kmem_cache_destroy(pte_chain_cache);
+	if (rmap_desc_cache)
+		kmem_cache_destroy(rmap_desc_cache);
+	if (mmu_page_header_cache)
+		kmem_cache_destroy(mmu_page_header_cache);
+}
+
+int kvm_mmu_module_init(void)
+{
+	pte_chain_cache = kmem_cache_create("kvm_pte_chain",
+					    sizeof(struct kvm_pte_chain),
+					    0, 0, NULL);
+	if (!pte_chain_cache)
+		goto nomem;
+	rmap_desc_cache = kmem_cache_create("kvm_rmap_desc",
+					    sizeof(struct kvm_rmap_desc),
+					    0, 0, NULL);
+	if (!rmap_desc_cache)
+		goto nomem;
+
+	mmu_page_header_cache = kmem_cache_create("kvm_mmu_page_header",
+						  sizeof(struct kvm_mmu_page),
+						  0, 0, NULL);
+	if (!mmu_page_header_cache)
+		goto nomem;
+
+	return 0;
+
+nomem:
+	kvm_mmu_module_exit();
+	return -ENOMEM;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Caculate mmu pages needed for kvm.
+ */
+unsigned int kvm_mmu_calculate_mmu_pages(struct kvm *kvm)
+{
+	int i;
+	unsigned int nr_mmu_pages;
+	unsigned int  nr_pages = 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < kvm->nmemslots; i++)
+		nr_pages += kvm->memslots[i].npages;
+
+	nr_mmu_pages = nr_pages * KVM_PERMILLE_MMU_PAGES / 1000;
+	nr_mmu_pages = max(nr_mmu_pages,
+			(unsigned int) KVM_MIN_ALLOC_MMU_PAGES);
+
+	return nr_mmu_pages;
+}
+
+#ifdef AUDIT
+
+static const char *audit_msg;
+
+static gva_t canonicalize(gva_t gva)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
+	gva = (long long)(gva << 16) >> 16;
+#endif
+	return gva;
+}
+
+static void audit_mappings_page(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 page_pte,
+				gva_t va, int level)
+{
+	u64 *pt = __va(page_pte & PT64_BASE_ADDR_MASK);
+	int i;
+	gva_t va_delta = 1ul << (PAGE_SHIFT + 9 * (level - 1));
+
+	for (i = 0; i < PT64_ENT_PER_PAGE; ++i, va += va_delta) {
+		u64 ent = pt[i];
+
+		if (ent == shadow_trap_nonpresent_pte)
+			continue;
+
+		va = canonicalize(va);
+		if (level > 1) {
+			if (ent == shadow_notrap_nonpresent_pte)
+				printk(KERN_ERR "audit: (%s) nontrapping pte"
+				       " in nonleaf level: levels %d gva %lx"
+				       " level %d pte %llx\n", audit_msg,
+				       vcpu->arch.mmu.root_level, va, level, ent);
+
+			audit_mappings_page(vcpu, ent, va, level - 1);
+		} else {
+			gpa_t gpa = vcpu->arch.mmu.gva_to_gpa(vcpu, va);
+			struct page *page = gpa_to_page(vcpu, gpa);
+			hpa_t hpa = page_to_phys(page);
+
+			if (is_shadow_present_pte(ent)
+			    && (ent & PT64_BASE_ADDR_MASK) != hpa)
+				printk(KERN_ERR "xx audit error: (%s) levels %d"
+				       " gva %lx gpa %llx hpa %llx ent %llx %d\n",
+				       audit_msg, vcpu->arch.mmu.root_level,
+				       va, gpa, hpa, ent,
+				       is_shadow_present_pte(ent));
+			else if (ent == shadow_notrap_nonpresent_pte
+				 && !is_error_hpa(hpa))
+				printk(KERN_ERR "audit: (%s) notrap shadow,"
+				       " valid guest gva %lx\n", audit_msg, va);
+			kvm_release_page_clean(page);
+
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void audit_mappings(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	unsigned i;
+
+	if (vcpu->arch.mmu.root_level == 4)
+		audit_mappings_page(vcpu, vcpu->arch.mmu.root_hpa, 0, 4);
+	else
+		for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
+			if (vcpu->arch.mmu.pae_root[i] & PT_PRESENT_MASK)
+				audit_mappings_page(vcpu,
+						    vcpu->arch.mmu.pae_root[i],
+						    i << 30,
+						    2);
+}
+
+static int count_rmaps(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	int nmaps = 0;
+	int i, j, k;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < KVM_MEMORY_SLOTS; ++i) {
+		struct kvm_memory_slot *m = &vcpu->kvm->memslots[i];
+		struct kvm_rmap_desc *d;
+
+		for (j = 0; j < m->npages; ++j) {
+			unsigned long *rmapp = &m->rmap[j];
+
+			if (!*rmapp)
+				continue;
+			if (!(*rmapp & 1)) {
+				++nmaps;
+				continue;
+			}
+			d = (struct kvm_rmap_desc *)(*rmapp & ~1ul);
+			while (d) {
+				for (k = 0; k < RMAP_EXT; ++k)
+					if (d->shadow_ptes[k])
+						++nmaps;
+					else
+						break;
+				d = d->more;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return nmaps;
+}
+
+static int count_writable_mappings(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	int nmaps = 0;
+	struct kvm_mmu_page *sp;
+	int i;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(sp, &vcpu->kvm->arch.active_mmu_pages, link) {
+		u64 *pt = sp->spt;
+
+		if (sp->role.level != PT_PAGE_TABLE_LEVEL)
+			continue;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < PT64_ENT_PER_PAGE; ++i) {
+			u64 ent = pt[i];
+
+			if (!(ent & PT_PRESENT_MASK))
+				continue;
+			if (!(ent & PT_WRITABLE_MASK))
+				continue;
+			++nmaps;
+		}
+	}
+	return nmaps;
+}
+
+static void audit_rmap(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	int n_rmap = count_rmaps(vcpu);
+	int n_actual = count_writable_mappings(vcpu);
+
+	if (n_rmap != n_actual)
+		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: (%s) rmap %d actual %d\n",
+		       __FUNCTION__, audit_msg, n_rmap, n_actual);
+}
+
+static void audit_write_protection(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	struct kvm_mmu_page *sp;
+	struct kvm_memory_slot *slot;
+	unsigned long *rmapp;
+	gfn_t gfn;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(sp, &vcpu->kvm->arch.active_mmu_pages, link) {
+		if (sp->role.metaphysical)
+			continue;
+
+		slot = gfn_to_memslot(vcpu->kvm, sp->gfn);
+		gfn = unalias_gfn(vcpu->kvm, sp->gfn);
+		rmapp = &slot->rmap[gfn - slot->base_gfn];
+		if (*rmapp)
+			printk(KERN_ERR "%s: (%s) shadow page has writable"
+			       " mappings: gfn %lx role %x\n",
+			       __FUNCTION__, audit_msg, sp->gfn,
+			       sp->role.word);
+	}
+}
+
+static void kvm_mmu_audit(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, const char *msg)
+{
+	int olddbg = dbg;
+
+	dbg = 0;
+	audit_msg = msg;
+	audit_rmap(vcpu);
+	audit_write_protection(vcpu);
+	audit_mappings(vcpu);
+	dbg = olddbg;
+}
+
+#endif